scholarly journals Corruption in the Healthcare Sector During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Causes, Consequences and Responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
R. M. Ruzanov ◽  
T. M. Zharlygassinov
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this article is to analyze the main causes of corruption in the healthcare sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study identified the main problems of national health during the pandemic, such as theft and resale of state-funded medicines, vaccines, and medical supplies (medical equipment), reduced availability and quality of medical services, low wages of medical workers, limited supervision and control (monitoring) in the healthcare sector and etc. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that there is a need for additional work to identify cases of those types of corruption that are indicated in the article. Also, citizens should be involved in suppressing corruption in the health sector - documenting all cases of corruption that can be detected at the place of service delivery. They will serve as strong evidence to advocate for transparency and accountability mechanisms that guarantee more equitable access to health services. The authors argue that one of the important recommendations for preventing corruption in the health sector is investing in prevention as well as enforcing it: developing health system reforms and new health programs to reduce incentives and opportunities for corruption. The results showed that the method of statistical analysis is quite effective in the field of studying corruption. The study of the statistics of corruption crimes allows us to adequately characterize the level of corruption. The sources are statistical data of the Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for Combating Corruption, the Bureau of National Statistics, data from international organizations.

scholarly journals Survei IoT Healthcare Device

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
Yulia Suryandari
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Value Of Life ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Health Care Technology ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Care Technology ◽  
Industry Trends ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) has enormous potential in creating the value of life related to technology. IoT has various application domains, including in the health sector. IoT-based healthcare services are expected to reduce costs, improve quality of life, and enrich user experience. The presence of IoT devices for healthcare services can also avoid unnecessary hospitalization and ensure that patients who need health services get it quickly. This paper surveys advances in IoT-based health care technology and reviews the latest architectures / platforms, platforms, applications and industry trends in IoT-based healthcare solutions. Some IoT devices and prototypes in the healthcare field are also discussed in this paper. Through this paper, it is expected that readers can be known and discuss IoT devices in the healthcare sector.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequalities in the access to and quality of health care services

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 968-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Pereira Nunes ◽  
Elaine Thumé ◽  
Elaine Tomasi ◽  
Suele Manjourany Silva Duro ◽  
Luiz Augusto Facchini
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Use Of Health Care

OBJECTIVE To assess the inequalities in access, utilization, and quality of health care services according to the socioeconomic status. METHODS This population-based cross-sectional study evaluated 2,927 individuals aged ≥ 20 years living in Pelotas, RS, Southern Brazil, in 2012. The associations between socioeconomic indicators and the following outcomes were evaluated: lack of access to health services, utilization of services, waiting period (in days) for assistance, and waiting time (in hours) in lines. We used Poisson regression for the crude and adjusted analyses. RESULTS The lack of access to health services was reported by 6.5% of the individuals who sought health care. The prevalence of use of health care services in the 30 days prior to the interview was 29.3%. Of these, 26.4% waited five days or more to receive care and 32.1% waited at least an hour in lines. Approximately 50.0% of the health care services were funded through the Unified Health System. The use of health care services was similar across socioeconomic groups. The lack of access to health care services and waiting time in lines were higher among individuals of lower economic status, even after adjusting for health care needs. The waiting period to receive care was higher among those with higher socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS Although no differences were observed in the use of health care services across socioeconomic groups, inequalities were evident in the access to and quality of these services.

scholarly journals Factors associated with access to health services and quality of life in knee osteoarthritis patients: a multilevel cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siriwan Choojaturo ◽  
Siriorn Sindhu ◽  
Ketsarin Utriyaprasit ◽  
Chukiat Viwatwongkasem
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Patient Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Access To Health

Abstract Background The main purpose of health service systems is to improve patients’ quality of life (QoL) and to ensure equitable access to health services. However, in reality, nearly half of knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients present to the health system do not have access to health services, and their QoL remains poor. These circumstances raise important questions about what (if any) factors can improve health care accessibility and QoL for knee OA patients. Methods A multicenter, cross-sectional survey was performed with 618 knee OA patients who received care at 16 hospitals in Thailand. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to investigate the association of health service factors and patient factors with access to health services and QoL. Results The QoL of knee OA patients was very poor (mean score = 33.8). Only 2.1% of the knee OA patients found it easy to obtain medical care when needed. Approximately 39.4% of them were able to access appropriate interventions before being referred for knee replacement. More than 85% of orthopedic health services had implemented chronic disease management (CDM) policy into practice. However, the implementation was basic, with an average score of 5.9. SEM showed that QoL was determined by both health system factors (β = .10, p = .01) and patient factors (β = .29, p = .00 for self-management and β = −.49, p = .00 for disease factors). Access to health services was determined by self-management (β = .10, p = .01), but it was not significantly associated with QoL (β = .00, p = 1.0). Conclusions This study provides compelling information about self-management, access to health services and QoL from the individual and health service system perspectives. Furthermore, it identifies a need to develop health services that are better attuned to the patient’s background, such as socioeconomic status, disease severity, and self-management skills.

scholarly journals The Challenges of the IS/IT Projects in the Healthcare Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Gomes ◽  
Mário Romão
Keyword(s):  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Emergent Technologies

Essentially, the purpose of investment in information systems and information technology (IS/IT) is to improve the operational efficiency of the organizations, reducing costs and improving levels of quality. Thus, many traditional appraisal techniques are used to evaluate tangible benefits, which are based on direct project costs. Since the 1980s, IS/IT has positioned itself as a strategic tool that through flexibility and innovative ways can produce superior performance. The health sector has sought to improve its effectiveness and efficiency by adopting IS/IT solutions to increase the quality of services, namely patient safety, organizational efficiency, and end-user satisfaction. Hospitals are complex organizations, and this complexity magnifies the opportunity for inevitable human errors. A poorly integrated system can decrease operational efficiency and reduce the quality of healthcare services. The issue remains controversial, as evidenced by several articles. The authors noticed that emergent technologies may offer opportunities to those who can exploit them effectively.

scholarly journals Determining the Degree of Characteristics for Internet of Healthcare Devices Using Fuzzy ANP

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lin Wen
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Analytic Network Process ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Fuzzy Anp ◽  
Heterogeneous Devices ◽  
Network Process ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
And Control

With the revolution in Internet and digital technology, every organization is adopting digital things to carry out their day-to-day activities. Internet of Things (IoT) is a concept that is used to connect various devices over the Internet to increase the production and quality of service, deliver a huge amount of data in seconds, and automate the processes. IoT implementation in the health sector has changed the typical setup into smart and intelligent setup. With the “smart” and “Intelligent” abilities of IoT devices such as sensors and with the collaboration of humans and computers, physical processes can be monitored and, based on the received data, optimal decisions can ultimately be taken. IoT applications in healthcare will increase flexibility, patient’s care, quality of health, and control of diseases. As the IoT combines various heterogeneous devices and the inappropriate determination of the degree of characteristics for Internet of healthcare (IoH) devices may affect the efficiency of services, this research is carried out with the use of decision support system and application of fuzzy analytic network process (fuzzy ANP) was used for optimal determination of the degree of characteristics for IoH devices based on unique properties which would greatly increase the efficiency of industry. The experimental results are efficient and show the usefulness of the approach.

scholarly journals Measuring Main Public Health Indicators of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-203
Author(s):  
A. S. Omir ◽  
N. A. Abilkaiyr
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
The Republic

The article analyzes the level of health indicators to predict the state of this social system and create a certain vision. The list includes coefficients reflecting the general socio-economic situation of the population: the total number of births, deaths, maternal mortality, and mortality of children under five years of age. For a more detailed study of the situation in the health sector, the amount of funds allocated for this direction was also determined. Such ratios reflect the social and economic well- being of the population. Another key indicator of health is the dynamics of mortality from diseases. According to this indicator, the highest mortality in Kazakhstan is observed from diseases of the circulatory system, but nevertheless, the incidence has decreased, reflecting the effectiveness of the health care system. One of the main goals of the article is a correlation analysis of factors influencing the life expectancy of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Correlation analysis revealed positive and negative factors. While digital literacy and health spending are positively correlated with population life expectancy, the number of hospital organizations and the number of hospital beds showed a negative relationship. This study showed that the level of digital literacy of the population has a significant impact on life expectancy and lifestyle. This is evidenced by the fact that in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries have used digital tools to isolate people from each other for safety reasons, thus influencing the overall lifestyle. Today, developed countries are rapidly digitizing the healthcare sector.

scholarly journals KUALITAS AIR SUMUR MASYARAKAT DI SEKITAR TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR SAMPAH (TPAS) RAWA KUCING KOTA TANGERANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Wahyuni Wahyuni ◽  
Supriyono Eko Wardoyo ◽  
Ridha Arizal
Keyword(s):  
Total Coliform ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Quality Regulation ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Rainwater Runoff ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

The Quality of Well Water around Final Garbage Dump (FGD)  Rawa Kucing, Tangerang, IndonesiaFGD Rawa Kucing is located at Sultan Iskandar Muda Street, Kedaung Wetan, Neglasari, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. It serves 1000 tons of garbage per day from 13 districts in Tangerang. The volume of garbage in Kota Tangerang increases from 1,212,264 m3 in 2008 to 4,590,724 m3in 2012.Well water is the main source of water for people around the FGD RawaKucing. They use well water for bath, wash,  and toilet (BWT) and other needs. Garbage decomposition which makes pollution around FGD Rawa Kucing can accur in air, water, and soil. Waste accurs in water and soil caused by leachate. Leachate can easily  spread through rainwater runoff and it absorbs to the ground and polluting it including well water around it. Contaminated well water can decrease the quality of water physically, chemically, and microbiologically.Groundwater samples taken from residents' well water around FGD Rawa Kucing  and they were represented by three groups which have distance 100 m - 3 km from FGD. Each group consisted of three samples which were taken from well water having depths between 8-18 m. The examination of the quality of well water should be made in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No.416/MENKE /PER/IX/1990 on the Conditions and Control of the Quality of Clean Water and Quality Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/ on Requirements and Quality Control of Drinking Water.The quality of well water around FGD Rawa Kucing showed that there were the decreased quality water after testing with several parameter tests. There were six examination parameters which concentrate on exceeding the required quality standards that of TDS (1600-1764 mg/L), Nitrates (10.5-37.8 mg/L), Ammonia (3.50-66.21 mg/L), Iron (1.054-7.063 mg/L), Manganese (1.085-10.130 mg/L), and Total Coliform (80-130 colonies/100 mL).Keywords : Well water, leachate, TPAS, pollution, water qualityABSTRAKTPAS Rawa Kucing berada di Jalan Sultan Iskandar Muda Kelurahan Kedaung Wetan, Kecamatan Neglasari, Kota Tangerang, Banten dan mengangkut 1000 ton sampah/hari dari 13 kecamatan.Volume sampah di Kota Tangerang terus meningkat dari tahun 2008 sebesar 1.212.264 m3 sampai pada tahun 2012 telah mencapai 4.590.724 m3. Air sumur merupakan sumber air utama bagi masyarakat sekitar TPAS, karena hampir semua kebutuhan air dipenuhi dari air sumur yaitu untuk Mandi Cuci Kakus (MCK) dan kebutuhan lainnya. Pencemaran akibat dekomposisi sampah dapat terjadi di udara, dapat pula terjadi pada air dan tanah yang disebabkan oleh adanya rembesan air lindi. Lindi tersebut mudah disebarkan melalui limpasan air hujan dan meresap mencemari air tanah termasukair sumur yang ada di sekitarnya. Air sumur yang terkontaminasi lindi berakibat terjadinya penurunan kualitas air secara fisik, kimia, dan mikrobiologi. Air tanah sampelyang diambil berasal dari sumur penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPAS Rawa Kucing diwakili oleh 3 pengelompokkan dengan jarak 100 m – 3 km dari TPAS. Setiap kelompok terdiri dari 3 sumur pompa dengan kedalaman sumur antara 8 – 18 m. Pemeriksaan kualitas air sumur dilakukan  mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990 tentang Syarat-syarat dan Pengawasan Kualitas Air Bersih dan Peraturan MenteriKesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 tentang Syarat-syaratdan Pengawasan Kualitas Air minum.  Kualitas air sumur masyarakat di sekitar TPAS Rawa Kucing mengalami penurunan setelah dilakukan pengujian terhadap beberapa parameter. Ada 6 parameter pemeriksaan yang mempunyai konsentrasi  melebihi baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan yaitu TDS (1600-1764 mg/L), Nitrat (10,5-37,8 mg/L), Amonia (3,50-66,21 mg/L), Besi (1,054-7,063 mg/L), Mangan (1,085-10,130 mg/L), dan Total Coliform (80-130 koloni/100 mL).Kata kunci : Air sumur, air lindi, TPAS, pencemaran, kualitas air

scholarly journals Analisa dan Aplikasi Konsep Risiko pada Populasi Wanita Hamil

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Wiwin Wiarsih
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
The Impact

Angka kematian ibu ditentukasn oleh tingkat kesejahteraan individu wanita hamil dalam keluarga. Kondisi ini akan menentukan tingkat kesehtan dan perkembangan anak sebagai satu faktor yang menentukan kesehatan dan menjadi satu indicator dari keejahteraan suatu Negara. Penyebab utama tingginya angka kematian ibu di Negara-negara berkembang adalah belum optimalnya penanganan kasus-kasus berisiko. Penatalaksanaan kasus-kasus berisiko dilakukan terlambat karena kurangnya kesadaran klien untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah kesehatannya, kurangnya informasi, kurangnya jangkauan pelayanan kesehata, dan kurang berkualitasnya sumber daya manusia khususnya pada petugas pelayan kesehatan. Wanita hamil adalah salah satu populasi yang seharusnya diberikan perhatian lebh karena setiap wanita hamil mempunyai kesempatan yang sama untuk mendapatkan penanganan masalah-masalah kesehatan. Faktor-faktor risiko memungkinkanseorang wanita hamil menjadi berisiko tinggi untuk mempunyai masalah-masalah kesehatan, termasuk status sosial ekonomi dan sosio demografi, stress dan gaya hidup, dan praktek kesehatan personal. Untuk menurunkan pengaruh label atau stigma “risiko’ dalam masyarakat adalah suatu tantangan untuk profesi kesehatan mengembangkan pendekatan yang efektif dalam pelayanan kesehatan sehingga akan didapatkab suatu hasil yang optimal. The level of individual well being in a family determines the maternal mortality rate. This condition will determine the level of child health and development as an important determinant of health that is an indicator of well being in a country. The main cause of high levels of of maternal mortality in developing countries as a lack of case management of the “at risk’ individual or population; management of “at risk” cases is too late. This is because of lack awareness of “at risk” client in overcoming the problems, lack of information, lack of access to health services, and lack of quality of human resource especially of health care every pregnant woman has the same probability of developing problems. The risk factors enable of pregnant women to become hig risk to have the health problems including socioeconomic status, sociodemographic status, life style and life events, and personal health practices. To decrease the impact of the “at risk” label or stigma in the community, a challenge for the health professional is to develop partnership and multisectoral approach with community so that an optimal outcome will be attained.

scholarly journals Peranan Pengeluaran Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Lumajang Dalam Peningkatan Kualitas Penduduk

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-85
Author(s):  
Suherman Suherman ◽  
Musaiyadi Musaiyadi ◽  
Dika Huriyatul Mukaromah
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Education ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Quality Of The Population

This study describes the effect of government expenditures in economic, education, and health sectors toward the quality index of the population in Lumajang regency. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder , diperoleh dari Direktorat Jenderal Perimbangan Keuangan Republik Indonesia, Badan Pusat Statistik Jawa Timur dan Kabupaten Lumajang. The type of data used in this study is secondary data, obtained from the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance of the Republic of Indonesia, Central Statistics Agency of East Java and Lumajang District. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linier berganda. Data analysis method used in this research is multiple linear regressions. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh kesimpulan: pengeluaran pemerintah sektor ekonomi dan pendidikan ber pengaruh signifikan statistik From the analysis results obtained conclusion: government expenditures of economic and education sectors have significant statistical influenceterhadap peningkatan kualitas penduduk di Kabupaten Lumajang sedangkan sektor kesehatan tidak berpengaruh dalam peningkatan kualitas penduduk di Kabupaten Lumajang. toward improving the quality of the population in Lumajang district while the health sector has no effect in improving the quality of the population in Lumajang Regency. Rekomendasi yang bisa diajukan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah p emerintah Kabupaten Lumajang tetap mempertahankan nilai pengelu a ran di Recommendations can be submitted from the results of this study are Lumajang government must retains a value of expand in sektor ekonomi dan sek tor pendidikan, dan perlu menambah jumlah pengeluaran di sek tor kesehatan agar pengeluaran ini berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pembangunan kualitas penduduk di Kabupaten Lumajang . economic and education sectors, and they need to increase the amount of spending in the health sector so that this spending significant effect on the development of population quality in Lumajang.

scholarly journals Out of Pocket Payment by Inpatients After Health Sector Evolution Plan and Its Effecting Factors: A Report of Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesam Seyedin ◽  
Mahnaz Afshari ◽  
Parvaneh Isfahani ◽  
Kobra Sharifkazemi ◽  
Malihe Morshedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Science Methods ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments ◽  
Random Approach

Background: The health transformation plan (HTP) was implemented in April 2014 in university hospitals to provide equitable access to healthcare, improve the quality of care, and protect patients against high costs of hospitals. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate out of pocket (OOP) payment by inpatients after the health sector evolution plan (HSEP) and its effective factors in hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Science. Methods: In this study, descriptive and cross-sectional research design was utilized. 277 patients at 5 hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences were selected via simple random approach. Checklists and hospital bills were used to collect data. Then the data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Results: The results indicated that OOP was 18.71% of the total hospitals expenditure. There was a significant relationship among insurance status, location, and OOP (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The OOP rate of hospitalized patients was not in accordance with the goal set in the HSEP. Thus, policymakers and managers should take serious measures to decrease out-of-pocket payments.

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