scholarly journals A Bi-Factor Approach to Modeling the Structure of Worry and Rumination

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juyoen Hur ◽  
Wendy Heller ◽  
Justin L. Kern ◽  
Howard Berenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Common Variance ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Functional Process

It remains unclear whether worry and rumination represent the same functional process, or if they are unique constructs. The current study examined the relationship between worry and rumination, focusing on the potential utility of a bi-factor approach as an alternative to “common” vs. “distinctive” approaches. The results indicated that the structural relationship between worry and rumination is best represented by a bi-factor model (compared to single-factor and two-factor models), which is comprised of a single factor that captures common variance in worry and rumination, as well as separate worry-specific and rumination-specific factors that capture unique variance. Furthermore, three orthogonal factors derived from the bi-factor model showed diverging associations with motivational traits (avoidance and approach temperament) and distinct anxiety/depression symptoms. The bi-factor conceptualization provides a framework for reconciling the diverging perspectives regarding worry and rumination, suggesting the need to pay attention to both common and unique aspects of worry and rumination.

scholarly journals Longitudinal associations between depressive and anxiety disorders: a comparison of two trait models

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Olino ◽  
Daniel N. Klein ◽  
Peter M. Lewinsohn ◽  
Paul Rohde ◽  
John R. Seeley
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Latent Trait ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Three Factor

BackgroundDepression and anxiety are highly co-morbid disorders. Two latent trait models have been proposed to explain the nature of the relationship between these disorders. The first posits that depressive and anxiety disorders are both manifestations of a single internalizing factor. The second model, based on a tripartite model proposed by Clark & Watson [Journal of Abnormal Psychology (1991) 100, 316–336], proposes that depressive and anxiety disorders reflect a combination of shared and disorder-specific factors.MethodWe directly compared the two models in a sample of 891 individuals from the Oregon Adolescent Depression Project who participated in up to four diagnostic assessments over approximately 15 years. Structural equation models were used to examine the relationship between depressive and anxiety disorders across different developmental periods (<14, 14–18, 19–23, 24–30 years of age).ResultsThe one- and three-factor models were hierarchically related. Thus, a direct comparison between the one- and three-factor models was possible using a χ2 difference test. The result found that the three-factor model fit the data better than the one-factor model.ConclusionsThe three-factor model, positing that depressive and anxiety disorders were caused by a combination of shared and disorder-specific factors, provided a significantly better fit to the data than the one-factor model postulating that a single factor influences the development of both depressive and anxiety disorders.

scholarly journals Factor Structure of the “Top Ten” Positive Emotions of Barbara Fredrickson

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopold Helmut Otto Roth ◽  
Anton-Rupert Laireiter
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Cluster Solution ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Theoretical Significance

In order to contribute to the consolidation in the field of Positive Psychology, we reinvestigated the factor structure of top 10 positive emotions of Barbara Fredrickson. Former research in experimental settings resulted in a three-cluster solution, which we tested with exploratory and confirmatory methodology against different factor models. Within our non-experimental data (N = 312), statistical evidence is presented, advocating for a single factor model of the 10 positive emotions. Different possible reasons for the deviating results are discussed, as well as the theoretical significance to various subfields in Positive Psychology (e.g., therapeutical interventions). Furthermore, the special role of awe within the study and its implications for further research in the field are discussed.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Irritable Bowel Syndrome , Depression , Anxiety, and Stress among a Sample of Irritable Bowel Patients - Predictive Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Hasan Gaber
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Rome Iii ◽  
Prediction Coefficient ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Predictive Study

<p>This study aimed to examine the relationship of irritable bowel syndrome, anxiety, depression and stress among a sample of78 IBS patients (Rome III Diagnostic Criteria for Irritable Bowel Syndrome),anxiety symptoms scale ,Depression symptoms scale ,and stress scale (prepared by the researcher) were used Pearson Correlation Coefficient showed that there are statistically significant relationship between IBS and Anxiety ,Depression and Stress (P≤=0.01).The Regression and Prediction Coefficient (stepwise) was also used and showed that the depression and Stress of predicts to IBS.<strong></strong></p>

Social support as a moderator of the relationship between victimization and internalizing symptoms in LGTBIQ+ people

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 763-780
Author(s):  
Maite Larrucea-Iruretagoyena ◽  
Izaskun Orue
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Special Person ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Victims Of Bullying ◽  
Moderating Role

The present study analyses the moderating effect of different types of social support in the relationship between bullying, cyberbullying and workplace victimization, and internalizing symptoms in LGBTIQ+ individuals. 262 people from LGBTIQ+ collective participated (ages between 18 and 77; M= 29.83, SD= 12.41), who completed measures via Internet of bullying, cyberbullying, workplace victimization, family support, support from friends, support from a special person, and symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress. The results showed that support from friends moderated the relationship between bullying and anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as the relationship between workplace victimization and depression symptoms. On the other hand, family support moderated the relationship between bullying and anxiety symptoms. Regarding cyberbullying, none of the types of social support moderated the relationship between cyberbullying and internalizing symptomatology. Findings of this study highlight the moderating role of family and friend support when internalizing symptoms of LGBTIQ+ people who are victims of bullying and/or workplace victimization.

scholarly journals Anxiety, depression, resilience and self-esteem in individuals with cardiovascular diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Gonzales Carvalho ◽  
Eduarda dos Santos Bertolli ◽  
Luciana Paiva ◽  
Lidia Aparecida Rossi ◽  
Rosana Aparecida Spadoti Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the relationship between anxiety and depression symptoms, resilience and self-esteem with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics; correlate resilience and self-esteem with age and duration of the disease; check associations between anxiety and depression with measures of resilience and self-esteem among individuals with cardiovascular diseases. Method: correlational study conducted in a large university hospital in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The population was composed of adult inpatients with cardiovascular diseases. A non-probabilistic consecutive sample was composed of 120 patients. Variables of interest were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Resilience Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results: anxiety and depression symptoms were present in 32.5% and 17.5% of the patients, respectively, and were associated with the female sex (p = 0.002; p = 0.022). Manifestations of depression were associated with the presence of comorbidities (p = 0.020). More resilient patients did not present depression symptoms (p < 0.001) and anxious women were more resilient (p = 0.042). The highest scores regarding self-esteem were present in patients with anxiety and depression. Men presented higher resilience and lower self-esteem compared to women. Conclusion: patients with anxiety and depression were less resilient but presented higher self-esteem.

Interpersonal Difficulties as an Underlying Mechanism in the Anxiety-Depression Association

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres G. Viana ◽  
Erin N. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Problems ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
High Level ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: Interpersonal difficulties have been implicated in both anxiety and depression. However, much less is known about whether interpersonal difficulties may account for, in part, the high level of comorbidity between mood and anxiety symptoms. This study examined whether various interpersonal difficulties, assessed with the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems, Short Circumplex (IIP-SC), were underlying mechanisms in the relationship between anxiety and depression symptoms in a high-risk sample of late adolescents with clinical levels of anxiety. Methods: 144 late adolescents with clinical levels of anxiety (mean age = 18.63 years; SD = 0.92) reported on their trait anxiety, worry, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and interpersonal problems. Results: Consistent with hypotheses, the IIP-SC overly nurturant subscale partially accounted for the relationship between anxiety and depression. The IIP-SC non-assertive and social avoidant subscales did not significantly account for the anxiety-depression relationship. Conclusions: Findings suggest that interpersonal behaviours characterised by excessive attempts to please and accommodate others may ultimately contribute to our understanding of the anxiety-depression association. We discuss the implications of our findings and how they may be applied to evidence-based assessment and treatment of anxiety problems.

scholarly journals Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Method Effect and Gender Invariance

Psico-USF ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-528
Author(s):  
Tiago Jessé Souza de Lima ◽  
Luana Elayne Cunha de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Correlated Traits ◽  
Gender Invariance ◽  
Method Effect ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Best Fit

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the dimensionality of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), by testing the adjustment of eight factorial models: a one-factor and two-factor model and six single-factor models controlling for the method effect associated with the wording of negative and positive items, through the correlated traits-correlated uniqueness (CTCU) and correlated traits-correlated methods (CTCM) approaches. We also tested measurement invariance across gender. A total of 689 participants took part in the study, with ages between 18 and 70 years (M = 25.5; SD = 8.06), mainly females (77.1%), who answered the RSES and sociodemographic questions. The results showed that single-factor models controlling for the effect of negative items alone or positive and negative items together best fit the data. The results also indicated that the RSES is invariant across gender, presenting the same theoretical structure and psychological meaning for men and women.

scholarly journals Adolescents’ Peer Friendship and Anxiety and Depression among First-Generation Immigrant BAME Families in the UK

Genealogy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Juan Du ◽  
Andy P. Field
Keyword(s):  
Social Competence ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Immigrant Adolescents ◽  
Close Friendships ◽  
Close Friendship ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

There is equivocal evidence on how being a child in a Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) immigrant family affects internalizing symptoms such as anxiety. This cross-sectional study examined the relationships between peer friendships and anxiety/depression symptoms in BAME immigrant adolescents (IA) and white native adolescents (WNA). Method: Sixty-two adolescents from the UK (IA = 26, WNA = 36, mean age = 14 years) were assessed on close friendship, social competence, social anxiety, and depression. Immigrant family parents (n = 23) were also assessed on cultural orientation. There were no significant differences in anxiety and depression between groups. Bayes factors supported the conclusion that the groups did not differ. However, IA and WNA groups had different patterns of associations between close friendship/social competence and anxiety and depression symptoms. Close friendships were more strongly associated with lower anxiety/depression in IAs than WNAs, and social competence was more strongly associated with lower anxiety/depression in WNAs than IAs. Moderation analyses indicated that the relationship between close friendship and social and separation anxiety was significantly moderated by ethnic group, as was the relationship between social competence and generalized anxiety. The findings suggest that social and separation anxiety are more strongly associated with close friendships for BAME immigrant children than for non-immigrant adolescents. As such, activities that help BAME immigrant children to foster close relationships may have positive effects on their well-being.

scholarly journals Reporting Valid and Reliable Overall Scores and Domain Scores Using Bi-Factor Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 562-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Liu ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Hongyun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Multidimensional Item Response ◽  
Large Scale Testing ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
True Ability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Domain Scores

Recently, large-scale testing programs have an increasing interest in providing examinees with more accurate diagnostic information by reporting overall and domain scores simultaneously. However, there are few studies focusing on how to report and interpret reliable total scores and domain scores based on bi-factor models. In this study, the authors introduced six methods of reporting overall and domain scores as weighted composite scores of the general and specific factors in a bi-factor model, and compared their performance with Yao’s MIRT (multidimensional item response theory) method using both simulated and empirical data. In the simulation study, four factors were considered: test length, number of dimensions, correlation between dimensions, and sample size. Major findings are that Bifactor-M4 and Bifactor-M6, the methods utilizing discrimination parameters of the specific dimensions to compute the weights, provided the most accurate and reliable overall and domain scores in most conditions, especially when the test was long, the correlation between dimensions was high and the number of dimensions was large; additionally, Bifactor-M4 recovered the relationship of true ability parameters the best of all the proposed methods; On the contrary, Bifactor-M2, the method with equal weights, performed poor on the overall score estimation; Bifactor-M3 and Bifactor-M5, the methods where weights were computed using the discrimination parameters of all the dimensions, performed poor on the domain score estimation; Bifactor-M1, the original factor method, obtained the worst estimations.

Moderating Role of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in the Relationship Between Tinnitus and Hearing Loss Among Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-772
Author(s):  
Ammar Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Aqeel ◽  
Tanvir Akhtar ◽  
Sammeen Salim ◽  
Bashir Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Adaptation Level ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Neuropsychological Theory ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

Adaptation level theory of tinnitus and neuropsychological theory of tinnitus are extensively used frameworks for understanding emotional and psychological distress among tinnitus sufferers. Objective of the present study was to investigate potential associations between hearing loss, tinnitus, anxiety, depression, and stress. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (Newman, Jacobson, & Spitzer, 1996) and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995)scales were administered to a sample of 110 tinnitus outpatients recruited from Audiology departments of Lahore and Rawalpindi hospitals. Results revealed tinnitus was positively linked with psychological problems. Additionally, it was established that tinnitus is a positive significant predictor for anxiety, stress and depression. The moderation models related to the interactions between psychological problems and hearing loss were negative significant predictors for tinnitus symptoms. Moreover, the comparative analysis between gender differences revealed a significant diversity in the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Results also elucidated that patients at initial stages of hearing loss were more prone towards reporting tinnitus symptoms along with emerging psychological problems.

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