scholarly journals Comparison of visual aids for improving reading performance in children with dyslexia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Rokiah Omar ◽  
Noor Halilah Buari ◽  
Chiranjib Majumder ◽  
Victor Feizal Knight
Keyword(s):  
Reading Speed ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Learning Disorder ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Reading Errors ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

Background: Dyslexia is a key learning disorder associated with reading difficulties in children. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of simple visual devices in improving the reading performance of children with dyslexia. Methods: A case?control study was conducted by selecting 80 school children with dyslexia, aged 8?11 years, from the Special Dyslexic School Program of the Ministry of Education (MOE) Malaysia. Subjects were randomly assigned to four groups: the typoscope, magnifier, visual tracking magnifier (VTM), and control groups. Reading performance was measured based on reading speed and reading error rate. The time taken to complete reading of text was measured, and reading errors were recorded. The reading performance of each group was assessed at baseline, week 2, week 6, and week 12. Results: Reading performance was significantly different (P < 0.05) for both Level 1 and Level 2, before and after intervention only in children with dyslexia using magnifiers and VTM. Reading performance for children with dyslexia using a magnifier or a VTM increased significantly (P < 0.05) from baseline to week 2, week 6, and week 12. The improvement in reading speed was 2.5 times faster for children in the VTM group than in the other groups. Conclusions: Simple visual aids, such as a VTM and magnifying glass, improved reading performance in children with dyslexia. The VTM intervention yielded the greatest improvement after 12 weeks of intervention. Hence, it is suggested that a VTM be used as part of a rehabilitation program for all children with dyslexia in Malaysia, particularly those in dyslexia programs in schools under the MOE Malaysia. However, future studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm the sustainability of this improved reading performance after discontinuation of the intervention.

Obesity management through Ayurveda - A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Kumar Tyagi ◽  
Shivakumar .
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Management ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
And Control

Lifestyle disorders are one of the biggest threats for the population living unhealthy lifestyle. Sthoulya (Obesity) is one such disorder which creates lot of physical as well as mental disorder to the sufferer. Due to changing lifestyle, comforts and dietary habit lots of individuals changed their life totally. Obesity is a growing disease in developed and developing countries. Prevalence is drastically hike in past few years. Ayurveda, the science of life with which we can manage and control lots of lifestyle disorders. Focusing on dietary and lifestyle management along with treatment, we can overcome the hazards of obesity which is growing in a uncontrolled manner. The available data is based on the clinical findings only. Aim and objective: To assess the effect of “Guru Cha Atarpanam Chikitsa” in the management of Sthoulya. Setting: Swastharakshana evam Yoga, OPD and IPD, SDMCAH, Hassan. Method: Udwarthana, Parisheka, Shamana Aushadhis, Ahara, and Vihara was followed within the treatment duration and effect of treatment was assessed before and after treatment, advised for follow up. Results: The treatment adopted is effective in the management of Sthoulya and to improve the quality of life.

scholarly journals Reading performances of low vision children after using low vision aid

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 534-537
Author(s):  
Zorica Toncic ◽  
Natasa Jovovic ◽  
Nada Sakotic ◽  
Veselinka Milovic ◽  
Katarina Janicijevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽  
Stargardt Disease ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction/Objective. The objectives of the paper are to assess the causes of low vision (LV) in pediatric population in Montenegro and to evaluate the influence of low vision aids (LVA) on reading performance regarding the speed of reading and the understanding of the read text. Methods. A prospective study was conducted on 40 ?treatable? LV children what represent all registered LV children in Montenegro. All participants read the same text before and after using LVA. Reading rate was calculated as the number of words read per minute. Functional speed of reading was calculated as the ratio of the rate of reading and the understanding of the read text multiplied by 100. Results. The study comprised 40 LV children with the mean age of 12.60 ? 4.06 years (20 boys and 20 girls). The most common cause of LV in children were premature retinopathy (10/40 or 25%), retinitis pigmentosa (8/40 or 20%), optic nerve anomaly (5/40 or 13%), degenerative myopia (4/40 or 10%), macular dysgenesis (4/40 or 10%), Stargardt disease (3/40 or 7%), optic nerve atrophy (2/40 or 5%), and albinism (2/40 or 5%). Nystagmus was found in 11 LV children or 28% of the group. LVA were prescribed to all of them. Reading speed before vs. after LVA use was 36.58 ? 35.60 vs. 73.83 ? 27.05 words/minute (p < 0.001), while functional reading was 26.00 ? 30.43 vs. 59.41 ? 29.34 (p < 0.001). Conclusion. LV children demonstrate a significant improvement in reading performance by using LVA.

scholarly journals Effect of an educational rehabilitation program on prevention of falls after stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Esmat Sayed Abd-Almageed ◽  
Asmaa Sayed Abd-Almageed ◽  
Marwa Ali Almasry ◽  
Heba Mohamed Fahmy ◽  
Ghaydaa A. Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Group Recommendation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Assessment Sheet ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Objective: Fall is common in patient with stroke. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of an educational rehabilitation program on prevention of falls after stroke.Methods: Quasi-experimental design was utilized. Setting: Neurology Department and Outpatient Clinics at Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery Hospital at Assiut University. Sample: Sixty adult patients diagnosed with stroke. Patients were equally divided into two equal groups (study and control) 30 patients each. Tools: Tool I-Patient assessment sheet. Tool II-Morse Fall Scale.Results: A statistically significant improvement of circumstances and consequences of falls and decreasing the injuries due to fall (p < .01) among the study group in comparison to the control group ones where, study group showed a decrease in the number of falling episodes (2.07 ± 0.78 vs. 5.4 ± 1.73), an improve in their ability to get up independent (83% vs. 23.3%), no need for medical attention (3.3% vs. 66.7%), and no restriction to their activities after falling (0.0% vs. 56.7%).Conclusions: The educational rehabilitation program had a statistically significant effect on the improvement of circumstances and consequences of falls and decreasing the injuries due to fall among the study group than among the control group. Recommendation: Simple illustrated educational booklets should be available for stroke patients. Replication of this study on a larger sample with extending the follow-up period to 6 months is suggested.

scholarly journals Specific Proposals for Innovation Teaching and Its Impact on Future Challenges for Basic Level Pupils

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Yassir M Mahgoub
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
The University ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Basic Level ◽  
Experimental Group

<p>This paper primarily aims at exploring the impact of innovation teaching on future challenges for basic level pupils.<br />The descriptive analytical and experimental methods are used in this research. The researcher can put specific proposals for innovation teaching for basic level pupils.<br />The study sample consists of pupils totaling (20) pupils of the basic schools of the University of Khartoum - Republic of the Sudan.<br />Innovation and creativity are part of the essential skills that enable students to meet with future challenges, can implement a number of tips and techniques that can help students to think creatively and find solutions for future problems.<br />The results showed there are significant differences between the experimental group and control group before and after the test, which confirms that students of the basic schools will be more interested in the future challenges as measured by a survey given before and after the program.<br />The researcher recommended the Ministry of Education should develop a plan focusing on the development of the children creative abilities of the basic level pupils, because student at this level tends to invent things or find solutions.</p>

scholarly journals Exploratory Action Research: Teaching EFL Vocabulary to Deaf Students through the Use of Visual Aids

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-116
Author(s):  
Nicole González-Reyes ◽  
Pamela Ibáñez-Acevedo ◽  
María-Jesús Inostroza-Araos ◽  
Brandee Strickland
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Deaf Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Special Learning Needs

In Chile, the 2015 Decree 83 from the Ministry of Education demands curriculum adaptations to ensure that students with special learning needs fully develop their skills by being included into the mainstream classroom. However, little information can be found regarding deaf and hard of hearing (D/HH) students in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. Therefore, this qualitative Exploratory Action Research (EAR) aims to explore the contribution of using visual aids in the EFL classroom for teaching written vocabulary to five D/HH students from a public school in Chile. Two multitask tests were conducted before and after the intervention to assess the performance of the students on recalling vocabulary, and a semi structured interview was carried out to identify the students’ perspectives regarding visual aids and EFL learning. While the performance test showed inconclusive results, the students’ perspectives on the use of visual aids were positive. These findings are relevant to provide insights into the challenges these students face and the importance of Sign Language and visual aids to create an effective environment for inclusive teaching practices.

scholarly journals Using Montelukast as an Add-on Treatment in Nephrotic Syndrome Pediatrics: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Javidi ◽  
Parsa Yousefichaijan ◽  
Fatemeh Dorreh ◽  
Ali Arjmand ◽  
Masoud Rezagholizamenjany
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: Montelukast, as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, could reduce inflammation in nephrotic syndrome (NS). This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of montelukast as adjunctive therapy in pediatric NS. Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on patients with NS. The patients were assigned into two equal groups (N = 25 in each) of intervention (steroid + montelukast) and control and treated for one month. One month later, in the follow-up stage, their proteinuria was measured. The results before and after treatment were statistically analyzed by SPSS software version 21, and the final report of the project was presented. Results: The age of participants in the intervention and control groups was 7.26 ± 4.23 and 6.79 ± 3.91 years, respectively (P = 0.68), and there were 10 female participants in both groups (P = 1.0). Albumin levels in 96% of the control group and 76% of the intervention group were 1.5 - 2.5 μg/dL (P = 0.037). Also, 48% of participants in the control group were corticosteroid dependent, and 60% of participants in the intervention group responded to corticosteroids (P = 0.194). The severity of nephrotic syndrome was moderate in 60% of participants in the control group and mild in 60% of participants in the intervention group (P = 0.138). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that recovery rate was higher in the intervention group, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Burden of carcinoid heart disease in patients initiating treatment for carcinoid syndrome.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 262-262
Author(s):  
Vijay N Joish ◽  
Raul Perez-Olle ◽  
Pablo Lapuerta ◽  
Sam Dharba ◽  
Jerome Zacks
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Carcinoid Syndrome ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Somatostatin Analogs ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Carcinoid Heart Disease ◽  
Medical Claim ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

262 Background: Carcinoid heart disease (CaHD) develops as a complication of uncontrolled carcinoid syndrome (CS) due to overproduction of serotonin. Delayed diagnosis or control of CS may result in a greater prevalence of cardiac involvement. The objective of this study was to determine the burden of CaHD in patients initiating somatostatin analogs (SSA) for CS. Methods: This retrospective study investigated claims for commercially insured adults receiving SSA for CS between 2010 and 2016. Claims were evaluated for markers of CaHD such as tricuspid or pulmonary valve-related disease. Eligible patients had ≥ 1 medical claim for CS, had initiated SSA treatment, were continuously enrolled in their health plan for 30 days prior to SSA initiation and for ≥ 1 year, had no sign of acromegaly, and did not participate in a clinical trial during the study period. Patients were followed as long as they were observed in the dataset. Descriptive statistics examined demographic and treatment characteristics and costs for patients with (cases) and without (controls) a marker for CaHD during the study period. Results: A total of 654 patients with CS met the study criteria, of which 38% (n = 248) already had ≥ 1 marker for CaHD prior to initiating SSA treatment. At least 1 CaHD marker was identified in 46% (n = 185) of patients (cases) during the follow-up period. Except for age, all demographic characteristics were similar between cases and controls (n = 221). Cases were significantly older than controls (mean 67 vs. 64 years, p = 0.004). Average follow-up was 26 months (SD 22.0) for cases and 35 months (SD 24.8) for controls. Average time to observation of first CaHD marker for cases was 16 months (SD 16.7) after SSA initiation; most (84%) had ≥ 2 CaHD markers. Markers of right heart involvement were present in 20% of cases, and aortic or mitral valve involvement in 15% and 24%, respectively. Annual per patient expenditures were significantly higher for cases versus controls (mean [SD]: $51,825 [$70,423] vs $29,068 [$56,454], respectively). Conclusions: This study revealed that CaHD is common among patients with CS both before and after initiating SSA treatment. Early diagnosis and control of CS is necessary to reduce the burden of CaHD.

scholarly journals The impact ofInfection Prevention and control (IPC) bundle implementationon IPC compliance during the Ebola virus outbreak in Mbandaka/Democratic Republic of the Congo: a before and after design

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e029717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Ousman ◽  
Landry Kabego ◽  
Ambrose Talisuna ◽  
Janet Diaz ◽  
John Mbuyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
P Value ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesTo assess the impact of refresher training of healthcare workers (HCWs) in infection prevention and control (IPC), ensuring consistent adequate supplies and availability of IPC kits and carrying out weekly monitoring of IPC performance in healthcare facilities (HCFs)DesignThis was a before and after comparison studySettingsThis study was conducted from June to July 2018 during an Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in Equateur Province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).Participants48 HCFsInterventionsHCWs capacity building in basic IPC, IPC kit donation and IPC mentoring.Primary outcome measuresIPC scoreResults48 HCFs were evaluated and 878 HCWs were trained, of whom 437 were women and 441 were men. The mean IPC score at baseline was modestly higher in hospitals (8%) compared with medical centres (4%) and health centres (4%), respectively. The mean IPC score at follow-up significantly increased to 50% in hospitals, 39% in medical centres and 36% in health centres (p value<0.001). The aggregate mean IPC score at baseline for all HCFs, combined was 4.41% and at follow-up it was 39.51% with a mean difference of 35.08% (p-value<0.001).ConclusionsImplementation of HCW capacity building in IPC, IPC kit donation to HCF and mentoring in IPC improved IPC compliance during the ninth EVD outbreak in the DRC.

scholarly journals Effect of Aerobics Exercise on Self-Esteem in Iranian Female Adolescents Covered by Welfare Organization

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Hasanpour ◽  
Mansooreh Tabatabaei ◽  
Mousa Alavi ◽  
Vahid Zolaktaf
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
And Control

Introduction. Deprivation of parents might decrease self-esteem (SE) and result in affective and social incompatibility. In this randomized control trial, we examined the effect of aerobics exercise on SE among female adolescents living with no natural family.Materials and Methods. The sample consisted of all female adolescents aged 13 to 19 years (n: 72) who were covered by Isfahan Welfare organization. Participants were assigned into intervention and control groups by matched random sampling. Intervention included 8 weeks of aerobics exercise. Coppersmith SE inventory was administered before and after intervention as well as after one month follow-up.Results. No significant difference was seen between pre-SE scores of intervention(32.7±8.4)and control(33.0±6.7)groups (t=.16,P=.87). A significant difference was obtained in post-SE scores (40.2±5.7versus34.7±6.8,t=3.58,P=.001) and in one month follow-up scores (36.4±5.2versus33.0±5.2,t=2.25,P=.03).Discussion. The results demonstrated a low level of pre-SE in both groups. However, a significant improvement was seen in posttest of intervention group which persisted even one month after intervention. It supports the use of aerobics for female adolescents deprived from family life.

Evaluation of a four-week Adjunct Compensatory Training for the treatment of climbing-specific overstrain syndromes of the shoulder

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Sofie Grohnert ◽  
Marcellus Bonato ◽  
Volker Schöffl
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Constant Murley Score ◽  
Zero Position ◽  
Shoulder Flexion ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Although climbing is an increasingly popular sport, there is a lack of scientific evaluation of suitable training methods for climbers, especially with a view to prevention and rehabilitation. A specific rehabilitation program, Adjunct Compensatory Training (ACT), has recently been presented, but it has not been evaluated scientifically to date. Objective To investigate the effects of Adjunct Compensatory Training on climbing-specific overstrain syndromes of the shoulder. Methods Twenty active boulderers and climbers with an average age of 28.9 (± 7.4) years performed a guided shoulder program of six specific exercises from the ACT program over a period of four weeks. They were examined before and after the intervention. Pre- and post-interventional measurements included the Constant-Murley Score, the QuickDASH Score and the measurement of shoulder ROM (range of motion). Results The Constant-Murley Score increased from 82 (± 10.0) to 104.1 (± 8.2) at follow-up (p < 0.001). The VAS value for bouldering and climbing decreased from 5.25 (± 1.4) before to 2.4 (± 1.6) after the intervention (p < 0.001). Shoulder flexion increased from 167.5 (± 14.9) to 173.1 (± 7.7) after the intervention (p < 0.05), abduction from 172.5 (± 14.9) to 179.6 (± 5.9) (n. s.), external rotation from neutral zero position from 77.6 (± 16.8) to 86.3 ± (8.3) (p < 0.05). Feasibility and acceptance of the intervention were good. Ninety-five percent of the participants continued to exercise, and 100 percent recommended the program to others. Conclusion The ACT led to an improvement in pain, activities of daily living, range of motion and strength in boulderers and climbers with overstrain symptoms of the shoulder. It is also classified as a realistically feasible workout. The extent to which this effect will continue, and whether or not the program can prevent injuries, remains to be seen. It can only be presumed that regular exercises prevent shoulder injuries in the climbing population.

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