scholarly journals Protective role of Limonium bonduelli extract against non-enzymatic peroxidation in brain and testes induced by iron in vitro.

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Amel Amrani ◽  
Nassima Boubekri ◽  
Ouahiba Benaissa ◽  
Djamila Zama ◽  
Fadila Benayache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
Aerial Parts

<p>Infertility and Neurodegerative diseases have been linked to oxidative stress arising from peroxidation of membrane biomolecules and high levels of iron have been reported to play an important role. The present study sought to determine the antioxidant activity and protective ability of <em>n</em>-butanol extract of <em>Limonium bonduelli</em> on lipid peroxidation induced by FeSO<sub>4</sub> in rat brain and testes homogenates <em>in vitro</em>. <em>n</em>-butanol extract of the aerial parts (leaves and flowers)<em> </em>was prepared, and the ability of the extract to inhibit FeSO<sub>4</sub> induced lipid peroxidation in isolated rat brain and testes was determined using spectrophotometric method. The study revealed that the extract inhibited malondialdehyde (MDA) production in FeSO<sub>4 </sub>induced lipid peroxidation in the brain and testes in a dose-dependent manner and the highest percentage of the inhibition was 89.80% similar to vitamin C in the same concentration (100 µg/mL) in brain and 82.33% in testes (200 µg/mL). <em>Limonium bonduelli</em> extract<strong> </strong>demonstrated important anti-lipid peroxidative effect, which may be useful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress related diseases. The higher inhibitory effect of the extract could be attributed to its phytochemical content.</p>

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Aqueous Extract of Stem Bark of Cissus populnea on Ferrous Sulphate- and Sodium Nitroprusside-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat’s Testes In Vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seun F. Akomolafe ◽  
Ganiyu Oboh ◽  
Afolabi A. Akindahunsi ◽  
Ayodele J. Akinyemi ◽  
Oluwatosin G. Tade
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Dependent Manner

Cissus populnea are plants associated with a myriad of medicinal uses in different parts of the world and are good sources of carotenoids, triterpenoids, and ascorbic acid. The antioxidant properties and inhibitory effect of water extractible phytochemicals from stem bark of C. populnea on FeSO4 and sodium nitroprusside- (SNP-) induced lipid peroxidation in rat testes were investigated in vitro. The results revealed that the extract was able to scavenge DPPH radical, chelate Fe2+ and also had a high reducing power. Furthermore, the incubation of the testes tissue homogenate in the presence of FeSO4 and SNP, respectively, caused a significant increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of the testes. However, the aqueous extract of the stem bark of C. populnea caused a significant decrease in the MDA contents of both Fe2+ (EC50 = 0.027 mg/mL) and SNP- (EC50 = 0.22 mg/mL) induced lipid peroxidation in the rat testes homogenates in a dose-dependent manner. The water extractible phytochemicals from C. populnea protect the testes from oxidative stress and this could be attributed to their high antioxidant activity: DPPH-scavenging ability, Fe2+-chelating and -reducing power. Therefore, oxidatively stress in testes could be potentially managed/prevented by this plant.

α1-Adrenergic receptor involvement in norepinephrine–ethanol inhibition of rat brain Na+-K+ ATPase and in ethanol tolerance

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1075-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rangaraj ◽  
H. Kalant ◽  
F. Beaugé
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Brain Membrane ◽  
Hypothermic Effect ◽  
Wb 4101 ◽  
Number Of Binding Sites

Norepinephrine (NE) sensitization of rat brain Na+–K+ ATPase to ethanol (EtOH) inhibition appears to be mediated by α1-adrenoreceptors, since it was reversed by prazosin and WB-4101 (α1-receptor antagonists) in a concentration-dependent manner, but not by yohimbine and piperoxan (α2-receptor antagonists). In addition, clonidine (α2-agonist) and methoxamine (central receptor type uncertain) produced very little sensitization. Chronic EtOH administration to rats for 3 weeks produced tolerance to the hypothermic effect of test doses of EtOH (3 g/kg, i.p.) and a decreased inhibitory effect of NE + EtOH on the enzyme in vitro. This inhibition was still prevented by prazosin and WB-4101. However, the binding of tritiated WB-4101 and prazosin to brain membrane preparations from control and EtOH-tolerant rats revealed that the maximum number of binding sites (Bmax) and the dissociation constant (KD) of α1-adrenoreceptors were decreased after tolerance development. These changes in numbers and binding properties of α1-adrenoreceptors probably account for the decreased NE sensitization of the ATPase to EtOH inhibition in preparations from EtOH-tolerant rats.

scholarly journals Local salt substitutes “Obu-otoyo” activate acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase and induce lipid peroxidation in rat brain

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodele J. Akinyemi ◽  
Ganiyu Oboh ◽  
Adedayo O. Ademiluyi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Induce Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Mda Content

Abstract Evidence has shown that ingestion of heavy metals can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to investigate the neurotoxic potential of salt substitutes (Obu-Otoyo); salt A (made by burning palm kernel shaft then soaked in water overnight and the extract from the resulting residue is used as the salt substitute) and salt B (an unrefined salt mined from a local site at Ilobu town, Osun-State, Nigeria) by assessing their effect on some key enzymes linked with neurodegenerative disease [acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities] as well as on malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the rat brain. Salt substitutes were fed to normal rats as dietary inclusion at doses of 0.5 and 1.0% for 30 days. Thereafter, the effect of the salt substitutes on AChE and BChE activities as well as on MDA level in the rat brain was determined. The results revealed that the salt substitutes caused a significant (p<0.05) increase in both AChE and BChE activity and also induced lipid peroxidation in the brain of rats in vivo as well as under in vitro condition in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of the salt substitutes on AChE and BChE activities could be attributed to the presence of some toxic heavy metals. Therefore, the ability of the salt substitutes to induce lipid peroxidation and activate AChE and BChE activities could provide some possible mechanism for their neurotoxic effect.

scholarly journals Protective Role of Catechin and Quercetin in Sodium Benzoate-Induced Lipid Peroxidation and the Antioxidant System in Human ErythrocytesIn Vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamze Yetuk ◽  
Dilek Pandir ◽  
Hatice Bas
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of catechin and quercetin in sodium benzoate- (SB-) induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytesin vitro. For this, the effects of SB (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL), catechin (10 μM), and quercetin (10 μM) on lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and GST were studied. Significantly higher LPO and lower activities of antioxidant enzymes were observed with the increasing concentrations of SB. Catechin or quercetin protected the erythrocytes against SB-induced toxicity only at low concentrations of SB. The presence of catechin or quercetin at 10 μM have no effect on SB-induced toxicity at high concentrations of SB (50 and 100 μg/mL). In conclusion, SB may cause oxidative stress as food additive in human erythrocytesin vitro. So, it appears that our findings provide evidence for the protection of erythrocytes from SB that could be considered for further studies.

scholarly journals An In vitro Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Alpinia galangal and Alpinia calcarata

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
V. Miss Revathi ◽  
G. Anuradha ◽  
S. Sumathy
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Alpinia Galanga ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
The Family ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: The herbs, genus Alpinia calcarata and Alpinia galanga that underneath the family Zingiberaceae are rhizomatous and extremely aromatic. The study is to investigate the anti-diabetic activity of Alpinia galanga and Alpinia calcarata in-vitro. Material and Methods: The inhibitory effect of Alpinia galanga and Alpinia calcarata on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities were evaluated. Results: The results revealed that both Alpinia galanga and Alpinia calcarata inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities in a dose-dependent manner (200–1000 μg/mL). However, Alpinia calcarata possess better antidiabetic activity than Alpinia galangal. Conclusion: The presence of phenolic and other phytochemical content in the herbs might be the reason for their ability to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. Thus, the drug formulating from the herbs, Alpinia galanga and Alpinia calcarata could be part of the potential alternative for synthetic anti-diabetic drug.

Sodium Valproate Affect Brain Antioxidant/Oxidant Status in Mice: Ameliorative Effect of Vitamin E and Chrysanthemum fontanesii Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 576-580
Author(s):  
Amel Amrani ◽  
Nassima Boubekri ◽  
Ouahiba Benaissa ◽  
Fadila Benayache ◽  
Samir Benayache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Oxidant Status ◽  
The Brain

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of n-butanol extract of Chrysanthemum fontanesii against oxidative stress induced by sodium Valproate (VPA) in the brain of female mice in comparison to Vitamin E (Vit E). Methods: Mice were divided into 5 groups and treated daily for 12 days. They received VPA (300 mg/kg i.p. injection), C. fontanesii butanolic extract (100 mg/kg), and Vit E (100 mg/kg). Glutathione Peroxidase Activity (GPx), Reduced Glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation end products in the brain were measured. Results: Subacute treatment of mice with VPA resulted in a significant increase in oxidative damage. At a dose of 100 mg/kg, both C. fontanesii and Vit E significantly reduced VPA-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, increasing brain GSH content, and restoring the activity of GPx. Conclusion: It may be concluded that the phytoconstituents present in the n-butanol extract of aerial parts of C. fontanesii are responsible for the ameliorative effect of brain antioxidant/oxidant status affected by VPA.

scholarly journals Protective role of maize purple plant pigment against oxidative stress in fluorosis rat brain

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Boyan Li ◽  
Keyana Nozzari Varkani ◽  
Lu Sun ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Xiaohong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Neuronal Apoptosis ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Fluoride Toxicity ◽  
Plant Pigment

AbstractIn fluorosis-endemic areas, exposure to high levels of fluoride causes neurotoxicity such as lowered intelligence and cognitive impairment. Oxidative damage is critical to pathophysiologic processes of fluoride intoxication, and neurotoxicity of fluoride may be associated with oxidative stress. In previous studies, maize purple plant pigment (MPPP), which was rich in anthocyanins, showed a strong scavenging activity in vitro and in vivo. The present study aimed to determine whether treatment with MPPP can alleviate fluoride-induced oxidative damage in rat brain. After 3 months of experiment, brain tissues were assayed for oxidative stress variables, histological and Western blotting examinations. Our results showed that MPPP reduced the elevated malondialdehyde levels, increased superoxide dismutase activity, and further attenuated histopathological alterations and mitigated neuronal apoptosis. Importantly, MPPP also reversed changes in Bax and Bcl-2. Therefore, it was speculated that MPPP protects brain tissue from fluoride toxicity through its antioxidant capacity.

In vitro screen of inhibitors of rat brain serotonin synthesis

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. McGeer ◽  
D. A. V. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Serotonin Synthesis ◽  
Structural Requirements ◽  
Class A ◽  
Numerous Data ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

Over 700 compounds were screened at 10−4 M concentration as inhibitors of the conversion of L-tryptophan-14C to serotonin-14C in crude rat brain homogenates. Most of the compounds had little or no inhibitory effect. Those with strong inhibitory properties were tested as inhibitors of 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase and, if active on the decarboxylase, were assayed as tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitors. Except for a few oxidizing and complexing agents and for some substituted p-phenylenediamines, the compounds found to inhibit tryptophan hydroxylase by >50% belonged to the three types of inhibitors already known, i.e. catechols, phenylalanine and ring-substituted phenylalanines, and 6-substituted tryptophans. The numerous data in this screen make possible some comments as to the structural requirements for activity within each class. A comparison of the results on tryptophan hydroxylase with data on tyrosine hydroxylase inhibition in similar homogenates makes it clear that two separate, if somewhat similar, enzymes are involved.

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