scholarly journals Dental Caries in Relation to Sugar Consumption among Children - A Study from Southern Punjab, Pakistan

BioMedica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Rabia Zafar ◽  
Amna Urooj ◽  
Sehrish Masood
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Age Range

<p><strong>Background and Objective:</strong> Dental caries is one of the most prevalent diseases among children around the world. It has a complex aetiology and different factors like sugar intake, brushing habits, body mass index, and socio-economic status may play a significant role. Apart from dental pain, caries affects children&rsquo;s over all body functions, body growth, and pose a financial burden on families. The objective of the study was to determine the association between sugar intake and dental decay among local paediatric population.<br /><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Ibn-e-Sina Hospital Multan, Pakistan from July, 2019 to December, 2019. Data were collected on a specifically designed questionnaire. A total of 540 participants of age range between 5 and 12 years were selected for this study after taking consent from their parents. The data were analysed using statistical tests of significance.<br /><strong>Results: </strong>Female children were predominantly affected as compared to males (56.7% vs. 43.3%) caries was seen more frequently in children brushing teeth once than those doing it twice (p = 0.01). Children taking cariogenic food between meals and 2 hours before sleep showed a significant association with caries development (p = 0.02; p = 0.01). Primary teeth were affected more (74.18%) than the secondary teeth (11.92%).<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Irregular brushing habits and frequency and timing of cariogenic food intake are the leading causes of caries in children from local population.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Involvement of Facial and Cervical Spaces in Odontogenic Infections in Patients Referred to Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital from 2014 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (40) ◽  
pp. 2960-2964
Author(s):  
Mohsen Barzegar ◽  
Amir Vaghefi ◽  
Adele Pouyafard ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Alavikia
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Body Temperature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Odontogenic Infections ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Buccal Space ◽  
Age Range

BACKGROUND Odontogenic infections are recognized as one of the most common diseases in the world. Organisms that cause dental infection and are a part of the oral normal flora include dental plaque bacteria, mucosal surface bacteria, and gingival bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of odontogenic infections by involving the facial and cervical spaces in patients referred to Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital from 2014 to 2018. METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sampling method was census and 308 patients with all types of odontogenic infections associated with the involvement of the facial and cervical spaces referred to Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital from 2014 to 2018 were included in the study. Questionnaire was used for data collection. The data was entered into SPSS version 23 software and analysed using statistical tests. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 31.10 ± 14.48; the mean number of hospitalization days was 4.83 ± 2.52 days; the mean body temperature was 37.45 ± 0.54. Of the 308 patients studied, 221 (71.8 %) had no history of systemic disease. Also, 294 (5 %) had no airway involvement. The most commonly prescribed antibiotic was penicillin + metronidazole with a frequency of 54.9 %, The most common tooth that was the source of infection was mandibular tooth no. 6 with a frequency of 22.7 %, the most common type of treatment was incision + drainage + antibiotic therapy with a frequency of 44.2 %; the most common involved area was the submandibular + buccal space with a frequency of 20.1 % and the most common age range of involvement was 20 - 29 years. CONCLUSIONS In odontogenic infections, penicillin + metronidazole is the most commonly used antibiotic and buccal + submandibular space is the most common area involved. KEY WORDS Odontogenic Infection, Facial Spaces, Cervical Spaces

scholarly journals Relationship between pediatric liquid medicines (PLMs) and dental caries in chronically ill children

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Ankita Goyal ◽  
Vatchala Rani ◽  
Bhadravathi Cheluvaiah Manjunath ◽  
Kanupriya Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chronically Ill Children

Introduction: Purpose of this research is to assess the relationship between long-term pediatric liquid medicines (PLMs) consumption and dental caries in 2–12-years-old chronically ill children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in a public pediatric hospital in India for a period of 6 months. A total of 455 children aged 2–12 years old with various chronic diseases who were receiving PLMs for more than 6 months were selected as the subjects in this study and compared with 531 children of similar age group and diseases who received other forms of medication. Dental caries was measured by DMFT/dmft and data collected were analyzed with SPSS (17th version) using statistical tests such as t-test and one-way ANOVA. Univariable logistic regression was used where the significance was fixed at a a p value of less than 0.001. Results: Children on PLMs had an increased risk of dental caries than those on other forms of medications (OR: 3.142, 95% CI: 2.37–4.15, p < 0.001). The prevalence of dental caries was higher (77.8%) in children consuming PLMs when compared to other forms of medication (52.7%). The mean DMFT and dmft scores were significantly higher in the study group when compared to the control group (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Long-term consumption of pediatric liquid medicines containing sucrose as a risk factor for dental caries among chronically ill children. sugar free options has to be used during prescription to prevent medication-triggered caries.Keywords: Paediatric liquid medicine, medication-triggered caries, sugar-free medication

scholarly journals Etiology, presentation and treatment of ocular trauma in paediatric population.

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Noman Ahmed ◽  
Mehatab Alam Khanzada ◽  
Nisar Ahmed Jandan ◽  
Ashok Kumar Narsani
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To determine the etiology, presentation and treatment of ocular trauma in paediatric population. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Institute of Ophthalmology, Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro. Period: January, 2020 to December 2020. Material & Methods: Data was collected using a questionnaire having age, sex, cause of injury and time at presentation to the emergency. It also focused on which structures were damaged due to injury, investigations being used, and treatment performed. Results: In our study we found 80 cases of ocular trauma in pediatric population visiting the ophthalmology department. Gender distribution of the study group which includes 72.5% (n=58) males and 27.5% (n=22) females. It was found during playing 86.3% of children had ocular trauma followed by injury due to domestic stuff like glass, bleach cleaners in 7.5% of the study group. The most frequently occurring ocular trauma was found to be corneal tear occurring in 25% of the study group. Conclusion: Ocular trauma in children can be prevented by simple measures like supervising children and educating parents and teachers for potential hazard substances. It is important to address like healthcare issue as ocular trauma can lead to lifelong blindness along with psychological and financial burden for the caretaker and children themselves.

scholarly journals Relationship of dental caries and BMI among pre-school children of Bangalore city, India: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 814
Author(s):  
Vanishree N. ◽  
Rosa R. Narayan ◽  
Naveen N. ◽  
Anushri M. ◽  
Vignesh D. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bangalore City ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
Z Scores

Background: Dental caries in young children is commonly untreated representing a public health problem and has also reported to affect their anthropometric outcomes, but the evidence is conflicting. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dental caries and BMI in pre-school children of Bangalore City.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 208 healthy preschool children with the age range of 3-5 years recruited from nursery schools of Bangalore City. The Anthropometric measurements, weight and height were evaluated by calculating the z-scores using WHO Anthro software to elucidate the subject’s status on the age- and sex-specific growth chart. Every Child who has received two Z-scores under the normal value (<-2) was considered as abnormal (deficient). The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19. The statistical tests used were t-test and correlation analysis.Results: Dental caries prevalence was 65.7% with a mean dental caries score of 2.24±2.57. Among the study participants 32.7% were underweight (WAZ score), 46.6% had height deficiency (HAZ score) and 47.6% had BMI deficiency (BAZ score). There was significant positive correlation found between dental caries experience and children’s WAZ (Weight for age) [r=0.102, p=0.040] and BAZ (BMI for age) [r= 0.761, p= 0.032].Conclusions: This study showed that lesser percentage of the participants had deficient height, weight and BMI. As the weight and BMI increased there was a significant increase in the number of caries and fillings among the participants. 

scholarly journals Occupational stress and its coping strategies among the police personnel of the Chitradurga city: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3454
Author(s):  
Sameeya Furmeen ◽  
Mayuri Reddy Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Personal Time ◽  
Police Personnel

Background: Everyone relishes having a peaceful and safe society to live in. But nobody thinks about the police who work hard to keep our community safe and secure. They have to face potentially hazardous situations that can result in physical or mental trauma or even death in the line of duty. This study will help to reveal the stress and coping strategies employed by the police personnel of Chitradurga city. To determine the stressful situations faced by the police personnel and to ascertain the positive & negative coping strategies employed by the study participants.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the police personnel in all the five police stations in Chitradurga city for a period of one year. Complete enumeration method was used to include 282 police men and women in the study. A pre-designed, pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Appropriate statistical tests were applied.Results: The mean age of the participants was 36.13±10.33. Majority of them were males (89%), Hindus (95.4%), graduates (49.6%), living in their own house (38.7%), hailing from a nuclear family (62.1%) and belonged to socio-economic status class I (50%) according to modified BG Prasad’s classification.Conclusions: The stress was found to be significantly associated with work-related factors like difficulties in meeting deadlines, insufficient personal time, inadequate family time, needing changes in the department, eagerness to go to work and job satisfaction. 

scholarly journals Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Caries Prevalence in Chennai Population: A Cross-sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Meenakshisundaram Rajasekaran ◽  
Baskaran Veni Ashok ◽  
Gopal Shankarnarayan ◽  
Manali R Srinivasan ◽  
Rashmi  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Habits

Abstract Aim The aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of socioeconomic status and social habits on the prevalence of dental caries in Chennai population. Cross sectional study was conducted in 500 patients by survey method using a questionnaire. Data was collected based on demographic details, information on the income, educational qualification, occupation, social habits (tobacco and alcohol consumption) and the caries exposure in terms of presence or absence of dental caries or a restoration. The data was tabulated using Microsoft Excel and statistically analysed using SPSS version 22. 91.8% of subjects in the lower socio economic status have a caries exposure while only 82% and 73.4% of the medium and higher economic status had caries. Within the limitations of the present study it can be concluded that there exists a connection between the individuals' socio economic condition and the oral health status that calls for implementation of oral health programs. How to cite this article Baskaran VA, Shankarnarayan G, Rajasekaran M, Rashmi, Poorni S, Srinivasan MR. Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Caries Prevalence in Chennai Population: A Cross-sectional Study. J Oper Dent Endod 2017;2(1):15-18.

scholarly journals CROSS-SECTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GRADE OF AS-THI SARATA AND INCIDENCE OF DENTAL CARIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 4032-4035
Author(s):  
Pathak Kshitiza ◽  
Pathak Akshay
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complete Knowledge ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Presence And Absence

Dashavidha Karanadi Pariksha (Ten-fold examination) elaborated in Charaka Samhita imparts complete knowledge of patient’s condition by means of specific investigations. It is done for knowledge of lifespan, degree of strength of body and disease and exact treatment perspective. Accordingly, a patient should be examined in respect of Dhatu Sarata (excellence of body tissues) i.e. as per the best qualities of Dhatu (body tissues). Drudh Danta (strongness of teeth) has been described as a characteristic of Asthi Sarata. Thus, an observational cross-sectional study was planned to assess the probable association between grada-tion of Asthi Sarata (excellence of Asthi Dhatu-bone tissue) as Uttama (excellent) -Madhyama (moderate)-Heena (poor) and incidence of dental caries. Total 200 volunteers were assessed for their grade of Asthi sarata (excellence of Asthi Dhatu-bone tissue) with the help of a questionnaire related to general descrip-tion of Asthi Sara Purusha (person with excellence of bone tissue) as per Charaka Samhita. Dental inspec-tion of each participant was done to check for presence and absence of dental caries. The association be-tween Sarata grade of each individual and incidence of dental caries was established by statistical analysis. Statistical tests showed that Asthi – Sarata (excellence of Asthi Dhatu-bone tissue) and occurrence of den-tal caries were dependent of each other.

scholarly journals Compliance to Hypertension Treatment in Residents of a Fishermen Colony in District Kollam, Kerala

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-487
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nadeem Aslami ◽  
Abraham Jobby
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Structure Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Control

Background: Hypertension is an important underline cause for cardiovascular deaths worldwide. Treatment compliance for hypertension depends on a lot of factors. There is paucity of studies about awareness and compliance to antihypertensive treatment particularly in coastal areas. Our aim was to know the awareness, treatment, compliance and control of blood pressure among hypertensive patients in a fishermen colony of Jonakapuram, Kollam. Material and Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done in a coastal area of Kollam. A house-to-house survey was conducted with a pretested semi-structure questionnaire. Three blood pressure readings were taken and mean value was calculated. The study period was one year. Data was analyzed by using Statistical Package of Social Sciences 12. Appropriate statistical tests were applied. Results: A total of 276 persons were found to be hypertensive. The percentage of awareness, treatment among aware subjects, treatment compliance and control of BP among patients taking anti-hypertensives was 71.74%, 85.86%, 73.53% and 50.58%. The awareness and treatment was significantly more among females as compared to males. The advices received by the patients were medicines, diet restrictions and lifestyle changes. Financial problems were the main reason for non-compliance to medicines. Conclusion: Nearly 3/4th of the study subjects were aware that they have hypertension. Monetary problems were an important cause for non-compliance. Half of the patients taking antihypertensive medication had their blood pressure uncontrolled. Patient’s economic status should be considered before advising them medications. This will increase compliance and help in improving the quality of patient care. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v5i2.12830Nepal J Epidemiol. 2015;5(2); 480-487.

A study on the Relationship of the weight pattern with the socioeconomic status among adolescents school going children in an Indian Metropolitan City

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-323
Author(s):  
Samar Hossain ◽  
Sharma Priyanka ◽  
Talib Hossain ◽  
Surendra Mohan Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Development Levels

Objective: The last two decades have witnessed an increase in health care costs due to obesity and related issues among children and adolescents. Childhood obesity is a global phenomenon affecting all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age, sex or ethnicity. The study was done to find the the prevalence of obesity and overweight and their association with socioeconomic status (SES) and the risk factors. Materials and Methods: School based cross sectional study carried out over a period of 4 months in three schools of East Delhi. The study was carried out in 629 school children of 10–18 years of age and belonging to different socioeconomic statuses in schools in East Delhi. The obesity and overweight were considered using an updated body mass index reference. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to determine the Socio-economic status and life style factors. Results: The prevalence of overweight among children was higher in middle socioeconomic status groups as compared to high socioeconomic class in both boys and girls whereas the prevalence of obesity was higher in high Socio economic status group as compared to middle socioeconomic group. The prevalence of obesity as well as overweight in low SES group was the lowest as compared to other group. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the prevalence of overweight and obesity varies remarkably with different socioeconomic development levels.

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