scholarly journals DIETARY SPICES AS ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC AGENTS WITH THEIR BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meeneri Vilas Bobde ◽  
Ankita Lehra ◽  
Seema Rani Padhiary ◽  
Monika Bajpai ◽  
Sibi G
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Elevated Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Spices ◽  
Culinary Culture

Hyperlipidemia is associated with elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels which is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Spices being an integral part of culinary culture around the world are known to possess anti-cholesterol compounds and increase the high density lipoprotein cholesterol. This review presents a comprehensive scientific data on the anticholesterol/hypolipidemic activities of various spices used in traditional medicine and cuisine. Bioactive compounds from spices with anti-hyperlipidemic activities and their mode of action are summarized. The findings reaffirm the importance of spices by suggesting their anti-hyperlipdemic/anti-cholesterol activities to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

Subclinical Hypothyroidism as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2748-2752
Author(s):  
Roman Evgenyevich Tokmachev ◽  
Andrey Valerievich Budnevsky ◽  
Andrey Yakovlevich Kravchenko ◽  
Tatiana Alexandrovna Chernik ◽  
Sudakov Oleg Valerievich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
The World

Nowadays, more than 485 million people in the world suffer from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). According to large epidemiological studies, the group of CVD is the leading cause of death in the world. One of the neurohumoral mechanisms that appears to be a risk factor for CVD is thyroid dysfunction. In this regard, in recent years, more and more attention is paid to the study the influence of subclinical hypothyroidism on the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disorders. MeSH words: cardiovascular diseases, subclinical hypothyroidism

scholarly journals Stroke and stroke risk factors as disease burden

2021 ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
S. Ozturk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
The United States ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Stroke Risk Factor

Stroke is the most common cause of disability and death in the world. Cardiovascular disease rates increase with age (10.9 % for people aged 20–30 years and 85.3 % for people older than 80 years). Coronary heart diseases is the leading cause of deaths attributable to cardiovascular diseases in the United States, followed by stroke, high BP, HF, diseases of the arteries, and other cardiovascular diseases. The report on the global burden of neurological disorders has shown that hemorrhagic stroke accounted for 35.7 % in it, and ischemic stroke, 22.4 %. Seven indicators are important and strategic to prevent cardiovascular disorders; they include healthy diet, sufficient physical activity, smokingstatius, BMI, cholesterol level, blood pressure, and glucose in blood on a fasting stomach. These indicators are associated with healthy behavior (diet quality, PA, smoking, BMI) which are as important as health factors (blood cholesterol, BP, blood glucose). There is a strong protective association between ideal cardiovascular health indicators and many clinical and preclinical conditions including premature all-cause mortality, stroke, CVD mortality, ischemic heart disease mortality, HF, deep venous thromboembolism, and pulmonary embolism. Atrial fibrillation, metabolic syndrome, renal failure, and sleep apnea are important risk factors which are modifiable and treatable. Air pollution has been reported as an increasing and very important risk factor for stroke. COVID-19 has been reported as another new stroke risk factor during the pandemic. Future targets must include each cardiovascular health indicator to decrease stroke risk burden and stroke risk.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Diabetes Among Comorbidities: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Perihan Gurbuz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The world has been facing a novel coronavirus, COVID-19 pandemic since the beginning of 2020. Until the end of May, 5.9 million confirmed cases and 350.000 deaths have been reported. Diabetes, as a prevalent chronic disease is known to be a risk factor for infection onset and disease severity. In this study, a systematic review has been planned to determine the relation between COVID-19 and diabetes among other comorbidities. For this aim, 564 researches have been determined about the topic and 48 of them have been evaluated in the review. The researches have been done with 91.172 COVID-19 patients, and diabetes ratio among the researches differ from 3.3% to 40%. Besides, age, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, smoking status, and respiratory diseases have been evaluated in the review as common comorbidities. As a result of the study, diabetes and hypertension have been determined to be important risk factors in COVID-19 onset and severity. However, further detailed multidisciplinary researches about COVID-19, diabetes and comorbidities will be valuable in the COVID-19 pandemic process and future aspects.

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Dietary Polyphenols: The Role in LDL-C Lowering

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2666
Author(s):  
Peng Sun ◽  
Liang Zhao ◽  
Nanhai Zhang ◽  
Jingxuan Zhou ◽  
Liebing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
The World ◽  
New Treatment

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of the death around the world. An elevation of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. To achieve optimal plasma LDL-C levels, clinal therapies were investigated which targeted different metabolism pathways. However, some therapies also caused various adverse effects. Thus, there is a need for new treatment options and/or combination therapies to inhibit the LDL-C level. Dietary polyphenols have received much attention in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases due to their potential LDL-C lowering effects. However, the effectiveness and potential mechanisms of polyphenols in lowering LDL-C is not comprehensively summarized. This review focused on dietary polyphenols that could reduce LDL-C and their mechanisms of action. This review also discussed the limitations and suggestions regarding previous studies.

Clustering of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Children and Adolescents in a Rural Community in Ondo, Southwest Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-376
Author(s):  
Akinwumi Ayodeji Akinbodewa ◽  
Ademola Oluseyi Adejumo ◽  
Oluwakemi Abiola Lamidi ◽  
Ogunleye Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors is rapidly becoming prevalent among children and adolescents with grave implications for their cardiovascular health. We set out to determine prevalence and pattern of clustering of risk factors and, identify factors (if any) that determine their clustering. Methods A cross-sectional study of children (3–9 years) and adolescents (10–17 years) in a rural, agrarian community. Their blood pressure, body mass index and lipids were measured. Data was analyzed with SPSS 20. Results A total of 114 (M : F, 1 : 1.1) subjects were studied. The mean age of children and adolescents were 5.6 ± 2.1 and 12.9 ± 2.2 years respectively. The most prevalent cardiometabolic risk factors were elevated non-high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c; 39.5%), low HDL-c (33.3%), prehypertension (12.3%) and overweight (9.6%). The prevalence of hypertension was higher among females (11.9% vs. 1.8%, p = 0.024) and adolescents (13.2% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.037). Serum levels of non-HDL-c was higher among adolescents than children (50.9% vs. 29.5%, p = 0.013). At least one risk factor was present in 68.4% of the subjects. Clustering of two and three risk factors were present in 18.4% and 6.1%. The presence of prehypertension (χ2 23.93, p < .001), hypertension (χ2 12.19, p = 0.002), high serum non-HDL-c (χ2 6.336, p = 0.011) and high serum total cholesterol (TC; χ2 8.810, p < 0.001) were associated with clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors. Conclusion The burden of cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adolescents is high. Identified determinants of risk factor clustering were prehypertension, hypertension, non-HDL-c and TC.

scholarly journals Determinants of coronary artery disease risk factor management across three world regions

Heart Asia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e011112
Author(s):  
Min Zhao ◽  
Ian Graham ◽  
Marie Therese Cooney ◽  
Diederick E Grobbee ◽  
Ilonca Vaartjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Risk Factor Management ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

BackgroundThe SUrvey of Risk Factors (SURF) indicated poor control of risk factors in subjects with established coronary heart disease (CHD). The present study aimed to investigate determinants of risk factor management in patients with CHD.Methods and resultsSURF recruited 9987 consecutive patients with CHD from Europe, Asia and the Middle East between 2012 and 2013. Risk factor management was summarised as a Cardiovascular Health Index Score (CHIS) based on six risk factor targets (non-smoker/ex-smoker, body mass index <30, adequate exercise, controlled blood pressure, controlled low-density lipoprotein and controlled glucose). Logistic regression models assessed the associations between determinants (age, sex, family history, cardiac rehabilitation, previous hospital admission and diabetes) and achievement of moderate CHIS (≥3 risk factors controlled). The results are presented as OR with corresponding 95% CI. A moderate CHIS was less likely to be reached by women (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.00), those aged <55 years old (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.76) and those with diabetes (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.46). Attendance in cardiac rehabilitation was associated with better CHIS achievements (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.87). Younger Asian and European patients had poorer risk factor management, whereas for patients from the Middle East age was not significantly associated with risk factor management. The availability and applicability of cardiac rehabilitation varied by region.ConclusionsOverall, risk factor management was poorer in women, those younger than 55 years old, those with diabetes and those who did not participate in a cardiac rehabilitation. Determinants of cardiovascular risk factor management differed by region.

scholarly journals Dairy Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: Do We Really Need to Be Concerned?

Foods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Lordan ◽  
Alexandros Tsoupras ◽  
Bhaskar Mitra ◽  
Ioannis Zabetakis
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dairy Fats ◽  
Neutral Effect

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain a major cause of death and morbidity globally and diet plays a crucial role in the disease prevention and pathology. The negative perception of dairy fats stems from the effort to reduce dietary saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake due to their association with increased cholesterol levels upon consumption and the increased risk of CVD development. Institutions that set dietary guidelines have approached dairy products with negative bias and used poor scientific data in the past. As a result, the consumption of dairy products was considered detrimental to our cardiovascular health. In western societies, dietary trends indicate that generally there is a reduction of full-fat dairy product consumption and increased low-fat dairy consumption. However, recent research and meta-analyses have demonstrated the benefits of full-fat dairy consumption, based on higher bioavailability of high-value nutrients and anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, the relationship between dairy consumption, cardiometabolic risk factors and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases are discussed. Functional dairy foods and the health implications of dairy alternatives are also considered. In general, evidence suggests that milk has a neutral effect on cardiovascular outcomes but fermented dairy products, such as yoghurt, kefir and cheese may have a positive or neutral effect. Particular focus is placed on the effects of the lipid content on cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals Advances in the Study of Marine Products with Lipid-Lowering Properties

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Jiarui Zhao ◽  
Qi Cao ◽  
Maochen Xing ◽  
Han Xiao ◽  
Zeyu Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Elevated Cholesterol

With twice the number of cancer’s deaths, cardiovascular diseases have become the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis, in particular, is a progressive, chronic inflammatory cardiovascular disease caused by persistent damage to blood vessels due to elevated cholesterol levels and hyperlipidemia. This condition is characterized by an increase in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein, and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein. Although existing therapies with hypolipidemic effects can improve the living standards of patients with cardiovascular diseases, the drugs currently used in clinical practice have certain side effects, which insists on the need for the development of new types of drugs with lipid-lowering effects. Some marine-derived substances have proven hypolipidemic activities with fewer side effects and stand as a good alternative for drug development. Recently, there have been thousands of studies on substances with lipid-lowering properties of marine origin, and some are already implemented in clinical practice. Here, we summarize the active components of marine-derived products having a hypolipidemic effect. These active constituents according to their source are divided into algal, animal, plant and microbial and contribute to the development and utilization of marine medicinal products with hypolipidemic effects.

scholarly journals CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTOR PARADOX. A FOCUS ON SMOKING

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Samorodskaya ◽  
E. D. Bazdyrev ◽  
O. L. Barbarash
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Disorders Of Lipid Metabolism

Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors commonly include disorders of lipid metabolism, arterial hypertension, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, overweight, etc. The number of epidemiological studies have already proved the presence of the associations between them and the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. However, the analysis of the recent studies showed that despite the negative impact of these factors on cardiovascular health, there are some arguments that prove their positive effects. Such a phenomenon is commonly described in the publications as a “paradox” of a particular risk factor. This review presents data on the smoking paradox – one of the leading risk factors contributing to the development of cardiovascular diseases.

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