Evaluation of electrical conductivity, pH and refractive index as physico-chemical parameters for quality control of Aveloz homeopathic solutions

Euphorbia tirucalli Lineu (Aveloz) belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae and is used in the treatment of cancer and warts. Some studies have reported that phorbol esters are the active principles responsible for the antitumor activity of Aveloz. The production of these molecules occurs in greater quantity in May, during the morning. This study aimed to evaluate whether the physico-chemical parameters of Aveloz homeopathic aqueous solutions such as pH, electrical conductivity and refractive index change due to storage time. Such parameters were measured regularly for 180 days. All solutions were prepared according to the method of grinding with lactose and subsequent dissolution in aqueous medium, as described in the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia, using as starting point the Aveloz latex collected in May. Homeopathic aqueous solutions containing only lactose were also prepared and evaluated as a control group. The potencies that were analyzed for electrical conductivity, pH and refractive index were: 4cH, 7cH, 9cH, 12cH, 14cH, 15cH, 29cH, 30cH. As a result, we found out that there was only statistical difference (p=0.035) in electrical conductivity between the homeopathic solutions containing Aveloz and the homeopathic solutions without Aveloz, when 15cH potency was compared. We also observed that the electrical conductivity increased with the aging of the solutions but is not directly related to the pH or the refractive index of the solutions, indicating that the aging process may alter the electrical conductivity of the homeopathic medicines. The presence of gas inside the glass that stores these solutions may affect the electrical conductivity measurements. Finally, no statistically significant difference was observed (p> 0.05) in the pH and refractive index.

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Degradation of Phorbol Esters on the Jatropha curcas Linn. Seed by Biological Detoxification

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202122600020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 226 ◽

pp. 00020

Author(s):

Hany Handajani ◽

Riza Rahman Hakim ◽

Ganjar Adhywirawan Sutaro ◽

Boy Ronald Mavuso ◽

Zhong–Wen Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phorbol Ester ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Phorbol Esters ◽

Fiber Content ◽

Crude Fiber ◽

Control Group ◽

Crude Fiber Content ◽

Biological Responses ◽

Significant Difference

The application of fermentation is one of methods to increase food quality biologically. Availability of Jatropha curcas residual from oil factory be focused as a soybean meal or fish meal replacement. On the other hand, J. curcas residuals possess a toxic compound as well. This study aimed to examine the effect of Aspergillus niger on the nutrition and harmful content of J. curcas as a potential ingredient of feed. In brief, J. curcas residual was fermented with a detoxification method at 3 d, 5 d, and 7 d. Crude protein, fat, and crude fiber content were assessed to discover the biological responses of J. curcas post–fermentation while phorbol ester was evaluated to toxic content post–detoxification. The results showed that crude protein and fat content were highest on 7 d post–fermentation but it was no significant difference (p > 0.05). While crude fiber content showed significant difference which the 3 d fermentation had the highest content of fiber. For phorbol ester content, 3 d fermentation showed a better result than the control group (p < 0.05). The present findings suggest that A. niger is recommendable as starter to reduce fiber and toxic content of J. curcas residual at 3 d fermentation.

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Mordanting of mercury on styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer beads from aqueous solutions

Radiochimica Acta ◽

10.1524/ract.2007.95.5.281 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 95 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nasir Khalid ◽

Saqib Ali ◽

Arif Iqbal ◽

Shujaat Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Contact Time ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Mercury Ions ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Radiotracer Technique ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Styrene Divinylbenzene ◽

Selection Of

The sorption of mercury ions from aqueous solutions on styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer beads (St-DVB) has been investigated for the decontamination of mercury from aqueous media. Various physico-chemical parameters, such as selection of appropriate electrolyte, contact time, amount of adsorbent, concentration of adsorbate, effect of diverse ions and temperature were optimized to simulate the best conditions which can be used to decontaminate mercury from aqueous media using St-DVB beads as an adsorbent. The radiotracer technique was used to determine the distribution of mercury. The highest adsorption was observed at 0.001 mol L

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Polysaccharide based edible coating on sapota fruit

International Agrophysics ◽

10.1515/intag-2016-0019 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 551-557 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Joslin Menezes ◽

K.A. Athmaselvi

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Edible Coating ◽

Agricultural Products ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Organoleptic Properties ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dipping Time

AbstractSapota fruits are highly perishable and have short shelf life at the ambient conditions. The edible coatings have been used on different agricultural products in order to extend their post harvest life. In the present study, the polysaccharide based edible coating made up of sodium alginate and pectin (2%) was studied on the shelf life of sapota fruits. The coating of the fruits is done by dipping method with two dipping time (2 and 4 min). The both control and coated sapota fruits were stored at refrigerated temperature (4±1°C). The physico-chemical analysis including acidity, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, pH, weight loss, colour and firmness were measured on 1, 8, 15, 23 and 30th day of storage. There was significant difference (p≤0.05) in these physico-chemical parameters between control and coated sapota fruits with 2 and 4 min dipping time. The sensory analysis of control and coated sapota fruits showed that, the polysaccharide coating with 2 minutes dipping time was effective in maintaining the organoleptic properties of the fruits.

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Physico-chemical Parameters of Honey From Melipona mondury Smith, 1863 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini)

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n7p196 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 196 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rogério Marcos de Oliveira Alves ◽

Jacqueline Lemos Viana ◽

Henrique de Abreu Cerqueira Sousa ◽

Ana Maria Waldschmidt

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Water Activity ◽

Reducing Sugars ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Technical Regulation ◽

Mean Values ◽

Physico Chemical

The physico-chemical properties of honey produced by the stingless bee Melipona mondury from Atlantic Forest in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil were evaluated. The evaluated characteristics included: water content, electrical conductivity, pH, acidity, water activity, ashes, diastase, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), reducing sugars and saccharose values. The honey samples showed mean values of 29.18% for moisture; 391.5 μS for electrical conductivity; pH of 4.06; 34.3 meq kg-1 for acidity; 0.73 for water activity; 0.18% for ashes; 4.05 (Goethe unit) for diastase; 1.60% for HMF; 65.42% for reducing sugars; and 2.14% of saccharose. Only the diastase activity was above the limits accepted by the Technical Regulation for Identity and Quality of Honey (Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture and Supplies). Most parameters are according to those reported in honeys from other species of stingless bees in Brazil.

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Preliminary Study on Physico-Chemical Parameters and Phytoplankton of Chiffa River (Blida, Algeria)

Journal of Ecosystems ◽

10.1155/2013/148793 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fella Hamaidi-Chergui ◽

Mohamed Brahim Errahmani ◽

Fatouma Benouaklil ◽

Mohand Said Hamaidi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Water Samples ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

North West ◽

Quality Guidelines ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Monthly Variations

The present study was carried out to determine the monthly variations of physico-chemical parameters in water samples from Chiffa river at Blida, North West of Algeria from April to August 2006. Water samples were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters and the results showed their monthly variations as follows: pH 7.5-7.6, electrical conductivity 0.87–1.06 mS·cm−1, nitrate 0–7.00 mg·L−1, nitrite 0–0.28 mg·L−1, ammonia 0–0.03 mg·L−1, phosphate 0–0.94 mg·L−1, sodium 19.3–47.0 mg·L−1, chloride 35.7–52.0 mg·L−1, calcium 90.3–104.7 mg·L−1, magnesium 27.3–37.7 mg·L−1, organic matter 0.4–3.9 mg·L−1, chlorophyll a 0.7–132.3 mg·L−1, and bicarbonate 219.3–248.7 mg·L−1. The analyzed physico-chemical parameters were almost not exceeded the maximum permissible limit of WHO and Algerian Water Quality Guidelines. A total of 53 taxa belonging to 4 divisions have been identified, including Chlorophyta (52.83% of taxa), Bacillariophyta (28.30%), Cyanophyceae (16.98%), and Charophyta (1.89%).

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Analysis of physico-chemical parameters of soil and population density of Azospirillum isolates from paddy fields of Theni district, Tamilnadu

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v11i1.1972 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 88-93

Author(s):

Uma Devi S. ◽

Muthuchelian K.

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Population Density ◽

Chemical Analysis ◽

Phosphorus Content ◽

Paddy Fields ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Study Results ◽

Water Holding ◽

Range Of Values

The rhizosphere region of eight different paddy field areas of Theni district was studied for their physico-chemical analysis of soil and the population density of Azospirillum sp. The study results showed range of values of pH (7.4-7.9), bulk density (1.13g/cm3 -1.60g/cm3), water holding capacity (34.31% - 18.25%), electrical conductivity (1.31 – 1.11), organic carbon (0.93% - 0.71%) . The macronutrient values namely total nitrogen (1.72% - 0.78%), phosphorus content (0.177% - 0.122%) and potassium (1.364% - 1.273%) were observed. Also micronutrients of various paddy fields like Zn (0.9% - 0.5%), Cu (2.3% - 1.7%), Fe (10.9% -8.2%), Mn (6.7% - 5.2%) were recorded, whereas the values of available macronutrients namely nitrogen (295kg/ha - 223kg/ha), phosphorous (89Kg/acre - 49kg/acre), potassium (790kg/acre - 490kg/acre) were noted. The Azospirillum population density was highest in Chinnamanur (192 x105 CFU/g) and lowest in Royyanpatti (91 x105 CFU/g). Thus through this work we were able to isolate and identify novel high yielding Azosprillium sp from paddy fields of Theni district.

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Spatial and Monthly Changes in Interstitial Water Physico-Chemistry of Bodo Creek

Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research ◽

10.9734/ajfar/2021/v15i630345 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

D. K. Nkeeh ◽

A. I. Hart ◽

E. S. Erondu ◽

N. Zabbey

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Demand ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Monthly Basis ◽

Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Level

Water plays a key role in the survival, growth and reproduction of aquatic organisms. Therefore maintaining good quality of water physico-chemical parameters would ensure optimum productivity of aquatic fauna. The study evaluated water physical and chemical parameters (temperature, hydrogen ion concentration (pH), conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of Bodo Creek. Sample was collected for 5 months (July 2020 – November 2020) at locations previously studied (before-spill baseline studies, 3 years, 5 years, and 7 years after-spill); by using the sampling methods used in previous studies. Spatially, there was no statistically significant difference in temperature (p > 0.05 = 0.997), pH (p > 0.05 = 0.496), DO (p > 0.05= 0.34) and BOD (p > 0.05 = 0.644). However, the difference in conductivity between the stations was statistically significant (p < 0.05 = 0.006). On monthly basis, there was a significant difference in temperature (p < 0.05 = 0.000) and pH (p < 0.05 = 0.005). In contrast, there was no statistically significant difference in conductivity (p > 0.05 = 0.633), DO (p > 0.05 = 0.559) and BOD (p > 0.05 = 0.75). Most of the physico-chemical parameters were not within the WHO recommended levels for the survival of aquatic lives, indicating a high level of environmental pollution in Bodo Creek. This study provides dataset for future evaluation of the water physico-chemistry of Bodo Creek.

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Distribution and Diversity of Macrophytes in Relation to Some Physico-Chemical Factors in the Ketar River, Ziway Catchment, Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-629396/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yadesa Chibsa ◽

Seyoum Mengistou ◽

Demeke Kifle

Keyword(s):

Relative Frequency ◽

Nutrient Loading ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Pistia Stratiotes ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chemical Factors ◽

Floating Macrophytes ◽

Favorable Conditions

Abstract Distribution and diversity of macrophytes in relation to some physico-chemical factors in the Ketar River were studied from December, 2017 to November, 2018. Physico-chemical parameters and macrophytes were collected from three stations along the river for eight months. Onsite measurements and laboratory work of physico-chemical was analyzed as recommended by APHA [31]. Macrophytes were collected manually using belt transect method. Except for pH and surface water temperatures, all the physico-chemical parameters measured showed no significant difference spatially. During the study period, sixteen macrophyte species belonged to fourteen families were identified. Among the identified macrophyte, 11 of them were emergent, while 3 were rooted with floating leaves and 2 free-floating. Free-floating macrophytes were shared the highest abundance followed by emergent. This research observed that the site (site 3) that was exposed to minimal human impact was rich in diversity and abundance of macrophytes. All the sites were dominated by emergent macrophytes that attained the highest relative frequency followed by rooted emergent species. Azolla nilotica and Pistia stratiotes were shared the highest abundance and were the dominant macrophyte with the relative frequency of 7.24% and density of 40.91%, and 7.93% and 26.54%, respectively. Under a favorable environment, nutrient loading from nearby creates more favorable conditions for the infestation of the invasive species (A. nilotica and P. stratiotes) to flourish and out-compete the other species of macrophyte. Therefore, anthropogenic activities that enhance nutrient addition to the River should be regulated.

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Assessment of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Soil of Muthannan Kulam Wetland, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v2i3.10769 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 302-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K Manimegalai ◽

S Sukanya

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Physicochemical Parameters ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Reliable Index ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Bottom Soil ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

Soil serves as a more reliable index for productivity than water qualities. The productivity of any pond depends largely on the quality of bottom soil that is “store house of nutrients.” The present paper deals with the study of physicochemical parameters like organic carbon, pH, Electrical conductivity, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium of soil from Muthannan Kulam,Coimbatore (March 2013- May 2013). Analysis for the above parameters indicated contamination of the soil quality due to some anthropogenic activities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i3.10769Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(3): 302-304

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