scholarly journals Chronic toxicological effects of ultradiluted solutions of Aveloz (Euphorbia tirucalli Lineu) on healthy mice: a preliminary study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (25) ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
Marcia CBN Varricchio ◽  
Cristiane Pereira ◽  
Fernanda Sales ◽  
Teresa Gomes ◽  
Elaine Daudt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Euphorbia Tirucalli ◽  
Induce Tumor Regression ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Preliminary Study

The latex extracted from Euphorbia tirucalli, a plant popularly known as Aveloz, is used in complementary medicine to induce tumor regression. However, as this latex has toxic effects when administered orally in ponderal doses, the present study was designed to assess the effects of high dilutions in healthy mice over a period of 18 weeks. The Aveloz latex-high diluted solutions (latex-HD) were obtained through the interaction of two processes: 1:100 dilution in mass and succussion, using ethanol 70% as a solvent, in the homeopathic dilutions of 5, 15 and 30cH, following Farmacopéia Homeopática Brasileira. Control solutions without latex were compounded (ethanolic-HD) in the same dilutions and were administered simultaneously. The animals which received latex-HD 30cH showed a significant increase in food consumption (p < 0.05) without significant difference in weight gain. In regards to water consumption, no statistical difference was shown when different Aveloz latex-HD groups were compared, apart from the group that received 1 drop of pure latex in water, which presented a significant increase (p < 0.05) in this parameter. Keywords: Euphorbia tirucalli; Aveloz; Toxicology; High Dilutions; Mice.   Efeitos toxicológicos crônicos de altas diluições de Aveloz (Euphorbia tirucalli L.) em camundongos sadios: estudo preliminar. Resumo O látex extraído de Euphorbia tirucalli, planta conhecida popularmente como Aveloz, é utilizado em medicina complementar para induzir regressão tumoral. No entanto, como este látex tem efeitos tóxicos quando administrado por via oral em doses ponderais, este estudo foi desenhado para avaliar os efeitos de altas diluições do mesmo em camundongos sadios por um período de 18 semanas. As altas diluições do látex do Aveloz (látex-HD) foram obtidas através da interação de dois processos: diluição 1:100 em massa e sucussão, utilizando etanol 70% como solvente, nas diluições homeopáticas 5, 15 e 30cH, de acordo com a Famracopéia Homeopática Brasileira. Soluções de controle sem o látex (etanol-HD) foram compostas nas mesmas diluições e ministradas simultaneamente. Os animais que receberam látex-HD 30cH mostraram aumento significativo no consumo de alimento (p < 0,05) sem diferença significativa em ganho de peso. A respeito do consumo de água, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os diferentes grupos látex-HD, enquanto que o grupo que recebeu 1 gota de látex puro em água apresentou aumento significativo neste parâmetro (p < 0,05). Palavras-chave: Euphorbia tirucalli; Aveloz; Toxicologia; Altas diluições; Camundongos.   Efectos toxicológicos crónicos de altas diluciones de Euphorbia tirucalli en ratones sanos: estudio preliminar. Resumen El látex extraído de Euphorbia tirucalli, planta conocida popularmente como arbusto de goma, es utilizado en medicina complementaria para la inducción de regresiones tumorales. Como este látex produce efectos tóxicos cuando es administrado por vía oral en dosis ponderales, este estudio fue diseñado para evaluar los efectos de altas diluciones de éste en ratones sanos, durante 18 semanas. Las altas diluciones del látex de E. tirucalli (látex-HD) fueron preparadas mediante la interacción de dos procesos: dilución 1:100 en masa y sucusión, utilizando etanol 70% como solvente en las diluciones homeopáticas 5, 15 y 30cH, según la Farmacopea Homeopática Brasileña. Soluciones de control, sin látex (etanol-HD) fueron compuestas en estas mismas diluciones y administradas simultáneamente. Los animales que recibieron látex-HD 30cH mostraron un aumento significativo del consumo de alimento (p < 0,05), sin diferencias significativas de aumento de peso. Respecto al consumo de agua, no fueron observadas diferencias significativas en los varios grupos látex-HD, mientras que el grupo de recibió 1 gota de látex puro en agua presentó aumento significativo en este parámetro (p < 0,05). Palabras-clave: Euphorbia tirucalli; Aveloz; Toxicologií; Altas diluciones; Ratones.   Correspondence author: Carla Holandino Quaresma, [email protected] How to cite this article: Varricchio MCBN, Pereira C, Sales F, Gomes T, Daudt E, Aquino CL, Barbosa GM, Gomes N, Pyrrho AS, Hobaica PEM, Branco MC, Kuster R, Holandino C. Chronic toxicological effects of high diluted solutions of Aveloz (Euphorbia tirucalli L.) on healthy mice: a preliminary study. Int J High Dilution Res [online]. 2008 [cited YYYY Mmm DD]; 7(25): 174-178. Available from: http://journal.giri-society.org/index.php/ijhdr/article/view/308/371.  

Diluted versus potentitized probes of silver nitrate (10e-2 to 10e-10) and wheat germination

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-23
Author(s):  
Corinne Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wheat Germination

Corinne Kraus, Ute Knobloch, Scherer Waltraud, Peter Christian Endler Interuniversity College for Health and Development Graz / Castle of Seggau, Austria Background In 1926, an influence of a homeopathically prepared high dilution of silver nitrate on the growth of coleoptiles of wheat seedlings was described (Kolisko 1926). Later, in an extensive series of experiments, wheat was observed under the influence of extremely diluted agitated silver nitrate (10e-23, “24x”). Stalk lengths clearly indicate that development is enhanced by the probe silver nitrate 24x as compared to control (Scherer et al. 2015). A preliminary experiment was performed in early autumn 2015 on stalk growth of wheat seedlings treated with (not potentized) dilutions of silver nitrate 10e-6 to 10e-10 (“6e to 10e”), compared to potentized silver nitrate 6x to 10x (N = 100 per group). A clear, albeit not statistically significant trend was observed of 6x-stalks being longer (23.4 + 16.2 mm) than 6e-stalks (13.0 + 10.9 mm). Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of diluted versus potentized low dilutions of silver nitrate (10e-2 to 10e-10) on wheat germination. Method The experiments were performed in late autumn 2015 on wheat grain (Triticum aestivum L., Capo variety). The grains were observed under the influence of aqueous solutions 10-2 to 10-10 part per weight of silver nitrate, either diluted in steps of 1 : 10 in distilled water by mere pipetting (probes “2e – 10e”), or diluted and agitated in steps of 1:10 (to create potentized probes “2x – 10x”). Untreated distilled water (“w”) served as an additional control. All probes were applied blindly. 100 grains were observed per treatment group in each of the groups resulting a total of 2,000 grains. Grains were placed in glass dishes, probes were added and dishes were covered with lids and placed in drawers . The following endpoint criteria were defined: K1 = visible emergence of sprout material, K2 = lifting of the operculum and emergence of the sprout and W1 = development of three roots.   Result Germination rates K1 of seedlings treated with “w”-probes (blue), with “e”-probes ranging from 2e to 10e (black) and with “x”-probes ranging from 2x to 10x (red) at the measuring points 20h, 24h and 28h (from left to right for each of the probes). In K1, K2 and W, there is an obvious increase of germination rates from the high to the lower concentrations of silver nitrate, both in the “e” and in the “x”-groups and observable at 20h, 24h and 28h (p < 0.01). In contrast, germination rates of the two „w“-probes are practically alike (p > 0,05) When “e” and “x”-data are compared, germination rates are higher under the influence of “x” than under the influence of “e” (p < 0.01 for the pooled “x”-values compared to the pooled “e”-values with regard to K1 as well as K2 as well as W). Conclusion: A significant difference was found between wheat grains treated with mere dilutions compared to grains treated with potentised dilutions. References 1. Endler PC, Belavite P, Bonamin L,Jäger T, Mazon S. Replication of fundamental research models in ultra high dilutions 1994 and 2015 – update on a bibliometric study. Special issue Homeopathy London. 2015 a Oktober;104(4):234-45. 2. Endler PC, Schulte J, Stock-Schroeer B, Stephen S. Ultra high Dilution 1994 revisited 2015 – the state of follow-up research. Special issue Homeopathy London. 2015 b Oktober;104(4):223-6. 3. Kolisko L. Physiologischer Nachweis der Wirksamkeit kleinster Entitäten bei 7 Metallen – Wirkung von Licht und Pflanzen auf das Pflanzenwachstum. Dornach Schweiz: Philosophisch-Anthroposophischer Verlag am Goetheanum; 1926. 4. Kraus C, Knobloch U. Diluted versus diluted and agitated probes of silver nitrate (10-2 to 10-10) and wheat germination, Thesis (MSc); branch campus UCN at Interuniversity College Graz / Schloss Seggau; 2016. 5. Scherer-Pongratz W., Endler P.C., Lothaller H., Stephen S. Wheat and ultra high diluted silver nitrate – further experiments and re-analysis of data. Special issue Homeopathy London. 2015;104(4):246-9.

scholarly journals Education in transdisciplinarity: the training of researchers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Maria Thereza Cera Galvão Do Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Or Manager ◽  
Estudio De Caso

The present paper discusses the notions of inter, multi and transdisciplinarity in the context of present day scientific practice, with a brief summary of the historical roots of the current scenario. As a case-study, it is analyzed the situation of research on HDs, as an emergent multidisciplinary field aiming at transdisciplinarity. An illustration is presented, from the experience of the constitution of a multidisciplinary team related to basic research in HDs. The author highlights the specific skills and modalities of participation of both the intervening specialists and the ‘generalist’ or manager of knowledge. Suggestions are offered on how to expand this model. Keywords: Multidisciplinarity; Transdisciplinarity; Research on High Dilutions; Homeopathy.   Educação em transdisciplinaridade: treinamento dos pesquisadores Resumo O presente artigo discute as noções de inter, multi e transdisciplinaridade dentro do contexto da prática científica atual, com uma breve resenha das raízes históricas da situação atual. Como estudo de caso, analisa-se a pequisa em altas diluições como campo multidisciplinar emergente em vias de transdisciplinaridade. É apresentado o exemplo da experiéncia da constituição de uma equipe multiisciplinar vinculada à pesquisa fundamental em altas diluições. A autora acentua as habilidades específicas e modalidades de participação dos especialistas e modalidades de participação dos especialistas participantes e o "generalista" ou administrador do saber. São oferecidas sugestões acerca de como expander este modelo. Palavras-chave: Multidisciplinaridade; Transdisciplinaridade; Pesquisa em altas diluições; Homeopatia.   Educación en transdisciplinaridad: entrenamiento de los investigadores Resumen Este artículo discute las nociones de inter, multi y transdisciplinaridad dentro del contexto de la práctica científica actual, con una breve reseña de las raíces históricas del estado presente. Como estudio de caso, se analliza la investigación en altas diluciones, como campo multidisciplinar emergente, en vías de transdisciplinaridad. Es presentado el ejemplo de la experiencia de la constitución de un equipo multidisciplinar vinculado a la investigación fundamental en altas diluciones. La autora destaca las habilidades específicas y modalidades de participación de los especialistas participantes y el "generalista" o administrador del saber. Son ofrecidas sugerencias acerca de cómo expandir este modelo. Palabras-clave: Multidisciplinaridad; Transdisciplinaridad; investigación en altas diluciones, Homeopatía.   Correspondence author: Maria Thereza Cera Galvão do Amaral, [email protected] How to cite this article: Education in transdisciplinarity: the training of researchers. Int J High Dilution Res [online]. 2008 [cited YYYY Mmm DD]; 7(22):39-43. Available from: http://journal.giri-society.org/index.php/ijhdr/article/view/255/343.  

scholarly journals Kinetic changes in activity of HR-peroxidase, induced by very low doses of phenol

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Elzbieta Malarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Sensitive Detector ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Sinusoidal Pattern ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
Oxidase Reaction

The allosteric protein of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) shows two main types of activity, peroxidase and oxidase, depending on the kind of low molecular effectors. The effects of very low doses of phenol, prepared by successive dilutions in water or in 75% ethanol, on initial HRP activity in oxidation of o-dianisidine or luminol were tested in a systematic manner by colorimetric and luminometric methods. Results showed that phenol dilutions, including those below Avogadro’s number, could activate or inhibit HRP in peroxidase and oxidase type reactions with a sinusoidal pattern. Km values for the studied substrates changed parallel to HRP peroxidase/oxidase activity and the maximum activity in the peroxidase reaction corresponded to the minimum activity in the oxidase reaction and vice versa. The effect also depended on the type of dilutor. The observations of the peroxidase/oxidase oscillations in the sinusoidal pattern of HRP activity, dependent on the rate of phenol dissolution and the time of preincubation, point out to the conclusion that HRP might be a good model for high dilutions research. The experiments provide strong evidence that horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is a very sensitive detector of subtle changes in the concentration of phenol used as a cofactor in the peroxidase/oxidase reaction. Keywords: HR-peroxidase, peroxidase-oxidase, phenol, hormesis, homeopathy, high dilutions.   Mudanças cinéticas na atividade da HR-peroxidade induzidas por doses muito baixas de fenol Resumo A proteína alostérica da peroxidase do rabano (HRP) mostra dois tipos principais de atividade, peroxidase e oxidase, de acordo com o tipo de efetores de baixa molecularidade. Os efeitos de doses muito baixas de fenol, preparadas através de diluições sucessivas em água ou etanol 75% na atividade inicial da HRP sobre a oxidação da o-dianisidina ou luminol for testados de modo sistemático através de métodos colorimétricos e luminométricos. Os resultados mostram que as diluições de fenol, incluindo aquelas por baixo do número de Avogadro, foram capazes de ativar ou inibir a HRP em reações de tipo peroxidade e oxidase com um padrão sinusoidal. os valores Km dos substratos estudados variaram paralelamente à atividade peroxidase/oxidase da HRP; a atividade máxima da reação peroxidase correspondeu à atividade mínima na reação oxidase e vice-versa. O efeito também se mostrou dependente do tipo do solvente. A observação das oscilações sinusoidais na atividade da HRP, dependentes da taxa de dissolução do fenol e do tempo de pré-incubação, permitem concluir que a HRP pode ser um bom modelo na pesquisa das altas diluições. Os experimentos oferecem fortes evidéncias a favor da HRP como detector muito sensível de mudanças mínimas na concentração do fenol, utilizado como cofator na reação peroxidase/oxigenase. Palavras-chave: HR-peroxidase, peroxidase-oxidase, fenol, hormese, homeopatia, altas diluições.   Cambios cinéticos en la actividad de la HR-peroxidasa inducidos por dosis muy bajas de fenol Resumen La proteína alostérica de la peroxidasa del rábano (HRP) muestra dos tipos principales de actividad, peroxidasa y oxidasa, dependiendo del tipo de efectores de baja molecularidade. Los efectos de doses muy bajas de fenol, preparadas mediante diluciones sucesivas en agua o etanol al 75% sobre la actividad inicial de la HRP sobre la oxidación de o-dianisidina o luminol fueron testados de modo sistemático mediante métodos colorimétricos y luminométricos. Los resultados muestran que las diluciones de fenol, incluyendo aquellas abajo del número de Avogadro, pudieron activar o inhibir la HRP en reacciones de tipo peroxidasa y oxidasa con un patrón sinusoidal. Los valores Km de los sustratos estudiados variaron paralelamente a la actividad peroxidasa/oxidasa de la HRP; la actividad máxima de la reacción peroxidasa correspondió a la actividad mínima en la reacción oxidasa y viceversa. El efecto también se mostró dependiente del tipo de solvente. La observación de las oscilaciones sinusoidales en la actividad de la HRP, dependientes de la tasa de disolución del fenol y del tiempo de preincubación, llevan a concluir que la HRP puede ser un buen modelo para la investigación de las altas diluciones. Los experimentos ofrecen fuertes evidencias a favor de la HRP como detector muy sensible de cambios mínimos en la concentración de fenol, utilizado como cofactor en la reacción peroxidasa/oxigenasa. Palabras-clave: HR-peroxidasa, oxidasa-peroxidasa, fenol, hormesis, homeopatía, altas diluciones.   Correspondence author: Elzbieta Malarczyk, [email protected] How to cite this article: Malarczyk E. Kinetic changes in the activity of HR-peroxidase induced by very low doses of phenol. Int J High Dilution Res [online]. 2008 [cited YYYY Mmm DD]; 7(23): 48-55. Available from: http://journal.giri-society.org/index.php/ijhdr/article/view/37/349.  

Radioimmunotherapy of Xenografts of Human Pancreatic Carcinomas - Intravenous and Intratumoral Application of 131l-Labelled Monoclonal Antibodies

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lander ◽  
M. Bahlo ◽  
R. Montz ◽  
R. Klapdor
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Inhibit Tumor Growth ◽  
Local Irradiation ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Direct Radiation ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Induce Tumor Regression ◽  
High Doses

The effects of radioimmunotherapy were tested in xenografts of 2 different human pancreatic carcinomas comparing the intravenous and intratumoral application. On principle, intravenous injections of high doses of 131l-anti- Ca 19-9 or -BW 494/32 may inhibit tumor growth. In view of the low direct radiation dose (360-2100 rad), however, other factors than direct toxic effects have to be discussed, e. g. systemic effects due to the high whole-body irradiation. Intratumoral application, however, may induce tumor regression or growth inhibition due to the high local irradiation dose. Consequently, this treatment modality might be of clinical value at least in some patients.

Determination some Immunological Aspects in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Qadisiyah Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syoof Khowman Alramahy ◽  
Akram Hadi Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Igg Level

This study was carried out to study of some immunological aspects among the pulmonary Tuberculosis patients infected with causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Total of 200 sputum samples were collected from patients attending the consultant Clinic for Chest and Respiratory disease center, Diwaniya. Control group (No=15) also included. According to acid fast stain of sputum, the patients were classified as positive (No=91,45.5%) and negative (No=109,54.5, Lowenstein Jensen medium used for the cultivation of samples, on which 70% of sputum samples where positive culture for this microorganism. The grown microorganism were identified as M. tuberculosis, based on positive A.F.B, Niacin producers ,negative for catlase at 68c. The mean IgG level was l184.053±76.684 mg/100 ml in tuberculosis group compared with 1016.533 ± 44.882 mg/100ml in control group, rendering the statistical difference significant. For IgA and IgM levels, they were at mean of 315.880±38.552 mg/100 ml and 119.527±8.464 mg/100 ml in control group compared with 396.358±38.776 mg/100 ml and 134.207±11.696 mg/100 ml in patients group respectively with significant difference

scholarly journals Changes of Walking Activity During the First Cycle Phases of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Seoul, Korea

2021 ◽  
pp. 193758672110265
Author(s):  
Youngjun Park ◽  
Haekwon Chung ◽  
Sohyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Voluntary Participation ◽  
Walking Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acceleration And Deceleration ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Government

Aim: This study explores the changes in regular walking activities during the phases of the pandemic. Background: With the spread of COVID-19 transmission, people are refraining from going out, reducing their physical activity. In South Korea, COVID-19 broke out in the 4th week of 2020 and experienced the first cycle phases of the pandemic, such as outbreak, widespread, and decline. In response to the pandemic, the government encouraged voluntary participation in social distancing campaigns, and people reduced their outside activities. Methods: This article examines the decrease and increase of the Prevalence of Regular Walking (≥30 min of moderate walking a day, on ≥5 days a week) by the COVID-19 phases. This study is based on weekly walking data for 15 weeks in 2020, via the smartphone healthcare app, which is managed by 25 public health offices of the Seoul government. Results: According to the findings, the level of prevalence of regular walking (PRW) has a significant difference before and after the outbreak, and every interval of the four-stage COVID-19 phases, that is, pre-pandemic, initiation, acceleration, and deceleration. The level of PRW sharply decreased during initiation and acceleration intervals. In the deceleration interval of COVID-19, the PRW kept increasing, but it has not yet reached the same level as the previous year when the COVID-19 did not exist. Conclusions: As a preliminary study, this study explains empirically how COVID-19 changed PRW in Seoul. It would be helpful to enhance our understanding of the changes in physical inactivity in the pandemic period.

scholarly journals Cabozantinib and dasatinib synergize to induce tumor regression in non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 100267
Author(s):  
Hui-wen Lue ◽  
Daniel S. Derrick ◽  
Soumya Rao ◽  
Ahna Van Gaest ◽  
Larry Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Induce Tumor Regression

scholarly journals Lingual–Alveolar Contact Pressure During Speech in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Preliminary Findings

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Searl ◽  
Stephanie Knollhoff ◽  
Richard J. Barohn
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Perceptual Judgments ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Contact Pressures ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Purpose This preliminary study on lingual–alveolar contact pressures (LACP) in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) had several aims: (a) to evaluate whether the protocol induced fatigue, (b) to compare LACP during speech (LACP-Sp) and during maximum isometric pressing (LACP-Max) in people with ALS (PALS) versus healthy controls, (c) to compare the percentage of LACP-Max utilized during speech (%Max) for PALS versus controls, and (d) to evaluate relationships between LACP-Sp and LACP-Max with word intelligibility. Method Thirteen PALS and 12 healthy volunteers produced /t, d, s, z, l, n/ sounds while LACP-Sp was recorded. LACP-Max was obtained before and after the speech protocol. Word intelligibility was obtained from auditory–perceptual judgments. Results LACP-Max values measured before and after completion of the speech protocol did not differ. LACP-Sp and LACP-Max were statistically lower in the ALS bulbar group compared with controls and PALS with only spinal symptoms. There was no statistical difference between groups for %Max. LACP-Sp and LACP-Max were correlated with word intelligibility. Conclusions It was feasible to obtain LACP-Sp measures without inducing fatigue. Reductions in LACP-Sp and LACP-Max for bulbar speakers might reflect tongue weakness. Although confirmation of results is needed, the data indicate that individuals with high word intelligibility maintained LACP-Sp at or above 2 kPa and LACP-Max at or above 50 kPa.

scholarly journals A preliminary study of bowel rest strategy in the management of Clostridioides difficile infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Sugimoto ◽  
Ayaka Yoshihara ◽  
Takao Yamamoto ◽  
Keisuke Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Full Cohort ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile Infection ◽  
Bowel Rest ◽  
Preliminary Study

AbstractClostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is an important nosocomial infection and is the leading cause of infectious diarrhea in hospitalized patients. We aimed to assess the effect of bowel rest on the management of CDI. A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted. The primary outcome was the composite of the all-cause mortality and CDI recurrence within 30 days. The main secondary outcome was switching from metronidazole to vancomycin. Of the 91 patients with CDI enrolled as the full cohort, 63 patients (69%) and 28 patients (31%) constituted the control group and the bowel rest group, respectively. After one-to-one propensity score matching, a total of 46 patients were included as the matched cohort. In the full cohort, the composite outcome occurred in 19.0% and 14.3% of the patients in the control and the bowel rest group, respectively (p = 0.768). In the matched cohort, it was 17.4% in each group. Although there was no statistically significant difference, the trend of switching was lower in the bowel rest group. The bowel rest may not affect the all-cause mortality and CDI recurrence within 30 days. However, in those prescribed bowel rest, switching from metronidazole to vancomycin may reduce.

Therapeutic possibilities of Bothrops jararaca in high dilution

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 215-217
Author(s):  
Eduardo Costa Gaia Nazareth ◽  
Francisco José De Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Complement Components ◽  
Physical Description ◽  
Bothrops Jararaca ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
The Many ◽  
Therapeutic Possibilities

Introduction: The knowledge and use of the venom of Bothrops jararaca in high dilutions is still quite limited. One of the important properties is the use of one of its components, bradykinin, for the development of antihypertensive medication known as captopril. Other situations, such as clinical, local and systemic should receive more depth to the composition of Materia Medica related to various medical actions on the man and mammals in general. The systemic action of the bite of this snake, includes hemostasis disorders, culminating as bleeding gums, in addition to sweating, hypertension, and hypothermia. The action includes local pain and swelling with bruising, bleeding and often blistering and tissue necrosis. The action on the immune system, through action on the complement C3 and other complement components may show its possible use in cases of bacterial infections, including mycobacteria, as presented in the study of 1970 Vanessa Birdsey, "Interactions of poisons toxic with the addition, "the journal of Immunology 1971. Today, this poison has a toxicology published by Anibal Melgarejo, "Venomous Animals of Brazil", 2003, which subsidizes the development of study for its use in high dilutions, and a comprehensive study of the biology of the animal itself. Published studies on biomolecular analysis add more details about the relations of the poison and mammals. All these characteristics suggest the use of poison as a homeopathic remedy. Objective: To investigate the therapeutic possibilities in high dilutions of the venom of the snake Bothrops jararaca, expanding its clinical use. Methodology: Methodological description of this poison in contemporary bases including: Origin, physical description chemistry, toxicology, pharmacology and medicine in preparation of high dilution, general action, specific actions on systems or organs, sensations, modalities, concomitants, etiological indications relations main clinics. Results: Defining the therapeutic indications such as modulation of the complement system, action on the cardiovascular system, among other uses, by Bothrops jararaca in high dilution. Conclusion: This evaluation can be used for different sources of products and allows the rational use of Bothrops jararaca in high dilution. The results can and should be complemented by clinical studies and pathogenetic. Bacterial infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and leprosy, and autoimmune disease LES and may receive treatment studies with the drug based on Bothrops jararaca snake venom because they are indirectly associated with them via similarity of the failure of complement, an important marker for bacterial the defense of mammals. Action on clinical aspects like hypertension, sweating, hypothermia and necrosis shall be seen. Perhaps the search for the stimulation of complement show a new pathway for the harmonization, long-predicted by Hahnemann, Hering and searched for among the many that followed the creator of this therapy.

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