scholarly journals FROM THE ARCHIVE OF DAKHO DZHANHOTOV: STATEMENT OF RECEPTION AND TRANSFER OF CRIMINAL CASES AS A HISTORICAL DOCUMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4(38)) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Alvi Ahmedgirievich Dakho
Keyword(s):  
Logical Consequence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Historical Document ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Soviet Russia

In the article, in order to introduce it into scientific circulation, the «Acceptance sheet», compiled by Dakho Dzhankhotov in August 1925, is presented. The date of this document belongs to the period of complex and repressive events not only in the North Caucasus and, in particular, on the territory of the Chechen Autonomous Region, but also in many regions of Soviet Russia. In those years, here and there revolts and hotbeds of anti-Bolshevik uprisings arose, which, in many cases, were a logical consequence or a response to the harsh forceful methods of collecting taxes in kind, military pressure and other actions that had a direct impact on the life and social well-being of even the most peaceful strata. population of the country. Although all these events have been fairly well researched, nevertheless, to this day there are many issues that require a more thorough study, and therefore every historical document, any reliable sources and information are of no small importance.

scholarly journals The Politicization of Islamic Society in Post Soviet Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-311
Author(s):  
Emilia Alaverdov
Keyword(s):  
Religious Communities ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Islamic Revival ◽  
The North ◽  
Charitable Foundations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Islamic Parties ◽  
Islamic Society

Aim. The paper analyses the Islamic revival in Russia in the late 20th century and early 21st. This was reflected in the registration of religious communities, the publication of periodicals on Muslim literature, and, in my opinion, most importantly - the construction of mosques and madrassas. It highlights the roles of mosques and madrassas built in the North Caucasus, which later became the theological centers for the spread of Islam and educated youngsters according to their propaganda. Methods. The study mainly uses an analysis method based on the study of historicism, documents and empirical material. The basis of the source are books, scientific articles, research works conducted by Russian and foreign experts. Results. The post-Soviet wars (1994-1996 and 1999-2000) in Chechnya contributed to the politicisation and realisation of Islam in this region. In 1996-1999 there were 26 Sharia courts, numerous Islamic parties, charitable foundations and organisations in the republic and, most importantly, structures of Wahhabi organisations (Akaev, n.d.). The process of politicisation gradually turned into organisational formations in Russia in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Conclusion. The constructive transformation by reinforcing the modernist potentials of Islam has contributed to the real renewal of Russian Muslim societies, which led to the radicalisation of the whole region. The described events have shown that for the last 20 years, the revival of religious Islam was a revival of political organisations and activities, where religion is connected to politics and criminal activities. A small North Caucasian republic immediately turned up at the center of Russia's recent history. Key Words: Islam, politics, revival, radicalization, Russia, North Caucasus

scholarly journals Ethnic Unrest and Its Determinants in Terms of the Irkutsk Society of the Pre-Soviet Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Sysoev
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Siberian Population ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Soviet Time ◽  
The Russian Empire

Specific criminal associations formed along ethnic lines on the territory of the Irkutsk Province had a direct impact on aggravation of social relations between various ethnic groups of the Siberian population. The article examines the features of implementing the corrective policy of autocracy in the context of development of the Eastern outskirts of the Russian Empire. On the basis of previously unpublished archival sources, the article reconstructs the events that accompanied the movement of criminals and socially unstable people from the territories of the North Caucasus to the Irkutsk Province and their further integration into the Siberian society. It contains a comprehensive analysis of the ethnic crime causes in Siberia, and the consequences of its manifestation in major administrative centers of the region.

A contested landscape: Monuments, public memory, and post-Soviet identity in Stavropol’, Russia

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Foxall
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Social Geography ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
The North ◽  
Colonial Experience ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Relationship

Much recent literature in cultural, political and social geography has considered the relationship between identity, memory, and the urban landscape. This paper interrogates such literature through exploring the complex materialisation of memorialisation in post-Soviet Russia. Using the example of the statue of General Alexei Ermolov in Stavropol’, an analysis of the cityscape reveals interethnic tensions over differing interpretations of the life and history of the person upon whom the statue is based. The existence of a rich literature on Ermolov and the Russian colonial experience in the North Caucasus helps to explain this. The symbolic cityscape of Stavropol’ plays an important role in interethnic relations in the multi-ethnic city; it is both an arena through which Russian identity is communicated with people and produced and reproduced, and an arena through which Russian citizens compete with each other for authority on historical narratives that operate at and between a number of scales. People’s readings of the cityscape can reveal much about power and space in contemporary Russia.

scholarly journals The Image of the White Army Agent General Nosovich in the Novella Bread by Alexey N. Tolstoy

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-407
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Ganin
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Russian Civil War ◽  
Chief Of Staff ◽  
The North ◽  
Personality Cult ◽  
Historical Figure ◽  
Red Army ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Russia

The article analyzes the image of a historical figure of the White Army agent Nosovich in A.N. Tolstoy’s novella Bread. Former General A.L. Nosovich in Soviet Russia in the spring and summer of 1918 held the post of chief of staff of the North Caucasus Military District, but at the same time was an agent of the White Army and carried out clandestine subversive work. His image in the novel was introduced as an antihero, who was opposed to the shrewd commissar Joseph Stalin. The attitude to Nosovich in the novel is negative. He is shown as a pragmatic and cruel cynic, for whom the aim justifies any means. Tolstoy did not fail to emphasize the connection between Nosovich and the leader of the Red Army Lev D. Trotsky ostracized in the USSR. When creating the character of Nosovich A.N. Tolstoy relied on genuine documents, including the report of Nosovich to the White Army command about his underground work. Tolstoy’s novel contributed to the strengthening of the personality cult of Stalin and the mythology of the history of the Russian Civil War in line with party attitudes. The image of the White Army agent General Nosovich served the same task.

ILLIBERAL PEACEBUILDING AND REGIONAL POLITICAL DYNAMICS IN POST-SOVIET RUSSIA

Kavkazologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 205-232
Author(s):  
A.A. TUMOV ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Settlement Analysis ◽  
Political Settlement

Over the post-Soviet period, the North Caucasus has been in the focus of Russian peacebuilding practices. Analysing the developments in Kabardino-Balkaria, we demonstrated the causal relationship between stabilisation by the federal centre and regional political dynamics. We used the framework drawn from conflict studies to interpret the strategies implemented by the national government and political settlement analysis to describe the dominant political settlements that emerged under the successive heads of the republic. The first political settlement was a result of institutional arrangement within a broad elite coalition with the late-Soviet nomenklatura in its foundation. Indirect rule by Moscow amounted to transfers of budget subventions in exchange for the provision of relative stability in the region. In the early 2000s, this political settlement failed to effectively respond to internal political problems; amidst federal recentralisation, the new political settlement was established in the republic. It was marked by reduced inclusivity of elites and greater dependence on the federal centre. This political settlement lacked success in tackling complications of elite cleavages and religious violence. In 2013, Moscow replaced the republican governor and constructed a new institutional arrangement with larger subservience to federal elites and substantial attention to security matters. Thus, peacebuilding practices implemented by the centre sought to stabilise the situation in the region; it resulted in a successful tightening of vertical elite control but at the cost of reducing the inclusiveness of the political system within Kabardino-Balkaria.

scholarly journals Features of small forms of soviet autonomy in Kuban in the first half of the XX century: on the example of the Armenian district

2019 ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
A. G. Ryabchenko ◽  
I. D. Zolotareva
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
National Policy ◽  
High Status ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Administrative Organization ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Village Council ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Soviet Historiography

At different stages of Soviet historiography, priorities in studying the history of the national administrative organization of the small peoples of the USSRoften changed for various reasons, but it always evoked constant interest. The Communist Party of the CPSU (b), which was ruling in Soviet Russia in the early 1920s, Leninist national policy greatly contributed to the emergence of a number of autonomous administrative-territorial formations that were national in nature and had a very different status. The territorial national status varied from high status of an autonomous republic, an autonomous region to an autonomous region, and even a national village council. Those. a separate settlement. In the Southeast, and later the North Caucasusregion of the RSFSR, already in the early 1920s. National administrative districts received existence as national autonomies of a regional scale, including the Armenian National District. This article is dedicated to this area.

Monitoring Agricultural Drought in Russia

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Kleschenko ◽  
Erodi K. Zoidze
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Food Grain ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Central Chernozem

Drought has been posing serious problems for agricultural production in Russia. A well-known Russian scientist, Vavilov (1931), noted that droughts characterize Russian farming. Recently, in some Russian Federation regions, there has been a high probability of severe or extremely severe droughts (Pasechnyuk et al., 1977; ARRIAM, 2000; Kleschenko, 2000; Ulanova and Strashnaya, 2000; Zoidze and Khomyakova, 2000; table 15.1). Numerous definitions of drought are available in the Russian literature (Bova, 1946; Alpatiev and Ivanova, 1958; David, 1965; Kalinin, 1981; Polevoy, 1992; Khomyakova and Zoidze, 2001). However, Kleschenko (2000) noted that all definitions are similar. Droughts are most frequently observed in Russia (Povolzhie, North Caucasus, Central-Chernozem regions, Ural, West and East Siberia) as well as in other Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries: Ukraine, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Georgia, and Armenia. The Povolzhie, North-Caucasus, and Central-Chernozem regions contribute significantly to the Russian economy because these regions have fertile chernozems soils and produce most (about two-thirds) of the food grains—wheat and rye during the winter season and wheat, maize, and barley during the spring season. In recent moisture-favorable or nondrought years (1978, 1990 and 2001), the total grain production was 130 million tons, while during drought years (1975, 1981, 1995 and 1998), the production declined by half (Ulanova and Strashnaya, 2000). Decline in food grain yields was observed from 1917 to 1990 in the former USSR, and since 1990 in the post-Soviet Russia. Rudenko (1958) reported that Ukraine experienced severe droughts during 1875, 1889, 1918, and 1921, when the spring wheat yield was 70% of the mean yield. A sudden depression in the winter rye yield was observed in Povolzhie region during severe droughts of 1890, 1898, and 1911, when the yield was less than 60%, and during 1906, when the yield was only 25% of the mean yield. During severe droughts in Russia during 1972, 1975, 1979, 1984, and 1995, the crop yield deviated by an average of 17–42% in Russia as a whole, up to 19–91% in the Central-Chernozem regions, up to 45–100% in Povolzhie region, 27–36% in the North-Caucasus region, and 21–100% in the Ural region.

The Muslims in Russia: between historical legacy and contemporary problematics

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdel-Hafez Fawaz
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
The State ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
History Of ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Radical Ideas

Czarist Russia, the Soviet Union and Post-Soviet Russia had a history of relations with their Muslims that varied between integration or coexistence and resistance or conflict. Russia had perpetually reaffirmed that its war in Chechnya in the 1990s was not against Muslims per se, but rather against terrorist groups that were attempting to disseminate their radical ideas in the Muslim Chechen Republic as well as throughout the other republics of the North Caucasus. From their standpoint Chechen fighters described the struggle as a new round of Russian efforts to bury Chechen demands for independence. Nevertheless, this historical experience of struggle also coincided with periods of peaceful coexistence witnessed in other regions such as the Volga and Ural River Basin. Thus, the question remains: what of the contemporary challenges faced by the Muslims of Russia in their relations with the state and their relations among themselves? This research seeks to answer the following questions: How is it that religious and sectarian tolerance came to predominate in Tatarstan but regressed in Chechnya and Dagestan? Why have relations between Sufis and Salafists been subject to increasing tensions in the North Caucasus? Do the tensions witnessed in Dagestan and Chechnya reflect a genuine sectarian struggle or is the matter more complicated than that? How has the Russian media impacted – positively or negatively – ethnic and sectarian relations within the state?

The Sense of Social Well-Being Among Young People of the North Caucasus

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
V. A. Avksent'ev ◽  
G. D. Gritsenko ◽  
T. F. Maslova
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North

Fasciolеsis in the subjects of the North Caucasus as a probable biological, epidemiological and epizootic threat to the population and animal husbandry

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
A. M. Bittirov ◽  
◽  
S. A. Shemyakova ◽  
B. K. Laipanov ◽  
K. Kh. Bolatchiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Index ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
The North ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
High Level

When analyzing statistical materials from 32 polyclinics in 15 cities of the North Caucasus (Grozny, Gudermes, Argun, Magas, Nazran, Vladikavkaz, Beslan, Ardon, Karachaevsk, Cherkessk , Nalchik, Nartkala, Baksan, Prokhladny and Mayskiy) in 18,0 thousand samples of feces, the indices of occurrence per 100 thousand of population and abundance of F. gigantica eggs were 0, which indicates an epidemic the well-being of the region in relation to zoonosis, thanks to the program organization of health education of the population. At the same time, for fascioliasis (Fasciola gigantica) of sheep, cattle and buffaloes, all 5 Republics of the North Caucasus belong to the disadvantaged regions of southern Russia with a critical risk index for the biosafety of livestock industries in all climatic zones of the subject due to the weak and half implementation of antiepizootic measures. In 5 Republics of the North Caucasus in 2011–2019. The indices of the incidence and abundance of fascioliasis in sheep, cattle and buffaloes increased by 2–3 times, which indicates the threat of invasion to the efficiency of livestock subsectors in the region. Our data indicate a high level of sanitary contamination of the soils of near-village pastures in the plain and foothill zones of all subjects of the North Caucasus with invasive elements of the causative agent of giant fascioliasis and their absence in the soils of distant pastures. In 100% of soil samples from rural pastures in the plain and foothill zone, invasive eggs of Fasciola gigantica were identified, which, according to forecasts, may lead to the spread of parthenitis among intermediate hosts, followed by the spread of invasion among the population of 5 regions, such as the Chechen and Ingush Republics, RNOAlania, Kabardino-Balkarian and Karachay-Cherkess Republics.

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