Nursing care of children with diarrhea: of primary and tertiary care - a literature review

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 828
Author(s):  
Marilia Cruz Gouveia Câmara ◽  
Ana Maria de Sá Barreto ◽  
Angélica De Godoy Torres Lima ◽  
Quitéria Claúdia da Silva ◽  
Sarah Mariana de Andrade Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Preventive Care ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACTObjectives: to discuss the main causes of diarrhea in infants and the major nursing care provided from preventive care to assistance, for these patients and their families, at different levels of health care. Methodology: this is about a literature review study, using the database of SciELO and REUOL, books and manuals of the Ministry of Health from April to May 1984 to 2010, with the descriptors diarrhea, dehydration, children, nursing care, treatment and hospitalization, found in 42 articles of which 13 discarded for not agreeing with the objective of the study. Results: the child is a being who needs protection, respect and care from his parents and a humanized health team, as this should provide an integrated and systematic assistance. Conclusion: the nurse, to act at all levels of health care, must know their role in promoting the health of pediatric patients with diarrhea, reviewing concepts in pursuit of excellence of care. Descriptors: diarrhea, dehydration; child; nursing care.RESUMOObjetivos: discutir as principais causas da diarréia em crianças e os principais cuidados de enfermagem, desde preventivos até assistenciais, a esses pacientes e suas famílias, nos diferentes níveis de atenção à saúde. Metodologia: artigo do tipo revisão de literatura, utilizando-se a base de dados da SciELO e da REUOL, livros e manuais do Ministério da Saúde, entre o ano de 1984 a 2010, no período de abril a maio de 2010. Com os descritores diarréia, desidratação, criança, assistência de enfermagem, tratamento e hospitalização, foram encontrados 42 artigos dos quais descartamos 13, por não condizerem com o objetivo do estudo. Resultados: a criança é um ser que necessita de proteção, respeito e cuidado dos seus pais e de um atendimento humanizado da equipe de saúde, visto que esta deve oferecer uma assistência integrada e sistematizada. Conclusão: o enfermeiro, por atuar em todos os níveis de atenção à saúde, deve conhecer bem a sua atuação na promoção à saúde dos pacientes pediátricos com diarréia, revisando conceitos em busca da excelência da assistência. Descritores: diarréia; desidratação; criança; assistência de enfermagem.RESUMENObjetivos: discutir las principales causas de la diarrea en niños y los principales cuidados de enfermería, desde preventivos hasta asistenciales, a esos pacientes y sus familias, en los diferentes niveles de atención a la salud. Metodología: artigo tipo revisión de literatura, utilizándose de la base de datos SciELO y REUOL, libros y manuales del Ministerio de Salud, entre los años de 1984 y 2010, en el periodo de abril a mayo de 2010. Con los descriptores diarrea, deshidratación, niño, asistencia de enfermería, tratamiento y hospitalización fueron encontrados 42 artículos de los cuales omitimos 13, por no se adecuaren al objetivo del estudio. Resultados: el niño es un ser que necesita protección, respeto y cuidado de sus padres y de una atención humanizada del equipo de salud, una vez que esta debe ofrecer una asistencia integrada y sistematizada. Conclusión: el enfermero, por actuar en todos los niveles de atención a la salud, debe reconocer bien su actuación en la promoción a la salud de los pacientes pediátricos con diarreas, revisando conceptos en busca de la excelencia en la asistencia. Descriptores: diarrea, deshidratación; niño; asistencia de enfermería.

scholarly journals A randomized clinical study to compare pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of clonidine and diclofenac sodium in patients undergoing major surgeries at a tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Prachi Jain ◽  
Uma Bhosale ◽  
Shashank Desai
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Study Results

Background: Pre-emptive analgesia is a method to achieve analgesia even before exposure to a noxious stimulus The purpose of pre-emptive analgesia is to reduce pain caused due to surgical incision triggered inflammatory mechanism activation; and to ensure a good post-operative pain control so that there is no development of chronic pain. Clonidine is an α2 adrenergic agonist thus it decreases the sympathetic outflow, while Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Our literature review showed that both clonidine (150 μg) and diclofenac are efficacious pre-emptive analgesics. Literature review also revealed that there is no study available to compare pre-emptive analgesic efficacy as well as safety of oral clonidine with diclofenac, therefore present study was designed to compare pre emptive analgesic efficacy of these two drugs.Methods: This randomized clinical study included 100 patients from surgical departments, of either sex, between 18 to 70 years age and of American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) I/II grade. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups and received either of the treatments 30 minutes prior to induction of anesthesia. Pain scores were recorded using visual analog scale, facial rating scale and behavioral rating scale at awakening and at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours. Postoperative analgesic requirement over 24 hours was recorded. Data were analyzed using OpenEpi statistical softwares.Results: Significantly lower pain scores were observed in clonidine group as compared to Diclofenac at 4 and 6 hours (p<0.05) on all the pain scales. Clonidine group also required less postoperative analgesic as compared to diclofenac (p<0.05).Conclusions: Study results are strongly suggestive of greater pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of clonidine over diclofenac in major surgeries done under spinal anesthesia.

scholarly journals Singular therapeutic project in mental health: an integrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Ávila Baptista ◽  
Marcio Wagner Camatta ◽  
Paula Gonçalves Filippon ◽  
Jacó Fernando Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Specialized Mental Health

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the Singular Therapeutic Projects’ characteristics in mental health care used to assist the subject with psychological distress. Methods: it is an Integrative Literature Review study conducted in July 2017. The following databases used to collect the data were LILACS, MEDLINE and BDENF. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 articles were selected. Results: there was divergence between what was recommended by the Ministry of Health for PTS elaboration with that described in the studies analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the low participation and co-responsibility between team/user in PTS elaboration, excessive referrals to specialized mental health services, fragmentation of knowledge within the multidisciplinary team, and difficulty sharing and discussing information about cases. Final considerations: it is pointed out the need to adapt PTS elaboration, and its respective steps, to the needs of each individual.

LEVEL OF PATIENT SATISFACTION WITH NURSING CARE IN PUBLIC SECTOR TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS OF PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN; A CROSS-SECTIONAL DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vital Part ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Nurses are the vital part of each nursing care in the health care setting. Patients interact more often with nurses and rely on them for care and restoration of health during hospitalization.

scholarly journals 7 Understanding Regional Site Transfer: Perceptions of Health Care Professionals

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. e3-e3
Author(s):  
Sumedh Bele ◽  
J A Michelle Bailey ◽  
Alam Randhawa
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Transfer Process ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Patient Transfer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Rural Sites ◽  
Medical Teams

Abstract Background Alberta Health Services identified that tertiary sites are often in overcapacity (admitted patients exceeding inpatient beds) while regional sites have low occupancy in their pediatric inpatient units. Hospital overcapacity may have negative effects on the care received by patients, such as increased risk of infection, less time spent with each patient and increased stress on the hospital staff (Keegan, 2010). In addition, rural families face several barriers to access to health care including traveling long distances to access the sub-specialty care present in urban tertiary centers. Previous studies conducted by our team found that transfers back to regional sites are not common. Increasing transfers of pediatric patients from tertiary to regional sites with care supported by the tertiary site could aid in addressing tertiary overcapacity and enable patients and families to receive care closer to home. Objectives This qualitative study sought to understand tertiary site health care professionals’ perceptions of tertiary to regional inpatient transfer. Design/Methods Four semi-structured focus groups were held with health care professionals. Focus groups included a mixed group of staff physicians, residents, nurses and managers. Common themes of discussion included the current transfer process, understanding of regional site resources and ways to increase patient transfer. A qualitative data analysis software, NVivo 11, was used to code, organize, and manage the data to facilitate data interpretations and generate themes regarding the current patient transfer process. Results The main barriers of pediatric transfer to rural sites include a lack of standardized transfer guidelines, limited understanding of rural regional site resources and mistrust between medical teams that prohibit patient transfer. The most likely pediatric patients that could be transferred back to rural sites include clearly diagnosed, single body system patients. Participants who had previous experience working in regional sites were more comfortable with transfer to regional sites. Transfer to regional sites could be increased by improving communication between medical teams and correcting misinformation about regional inpatient pediatric sites. Conclusion There is a historical practice of concentrating resources at tertiary care sites. However, there are a lack of shared guidelines for transfer as well as well as limited knowledge of regional site capabilities. Health care professionals across the entire continuum of patient care recognize the need to find solutions that would aid in transfer.

scholarly journals Pre- and Post-Conference Practices Amongst Nursing Students During Clinical Practice: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
Diwa Agus Sudrajat ◽  
Nopia Rizki
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Nursing Student ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Standard Operating ◽  
Review Study

A conference is a team meeting which is undertaken by nursing staff at every shift change. The conference is conducted before (pre-conference) or after (post-conference) handover. The implementation of this conference has an impact on student skills in reporting plans and results of nursing care during shift changes. This study seeks to acquire an overview of the implementation of pre-conference and post-conference practices by nursing students in clinical practice. This research is a literature review study with five articles. Article ratings are measured using the JBI (The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools) format. The literature review was conducted using one database (Google Scholar) for previous studies published in the last 10 years (2010–2020). Of the five articles included in this study, one concluded the discussion pre-conference badly, two concluded the pre-conference was not optimal, and two articles concluded the pre-conference processes were acceptable. For the results obtained in post-conference research, one article did not explain explicitly about the implementation of the post-conference procedures, one concluded that the implementation of the post-conference was not optimal, one concluded that the implementation of the post-conference was quite optimal, and two articles concluded that the post-conference procedures were quite good. It is hoped that the results of this literature review can provide education and information for students, science, educational institutions related to the implementation of the method conference. Nursing students are advised to hold conferences accordingly with standard operating procedures (SOP) for good implementation results   Keywords: Nursing Student, conference, clinical practice

scholarly journals Proportion of pulmonary tuberculosis cases diagnosed at different levels of health care across fourteen districts of Kerala

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3636
Author(s):  
Vaishnavy S. Vinod ◽  
Leyanna Susan George ◽  
Aleena Joy ◽  
Minu Maria Mathew ◽  
Vijayakumar K. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Health Care ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Care Level ◽  
Primary Care Level ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Different Levels

Background: It is estimated that 10.4 million cases and 1.7 million deaths occur due to tuberculosis (TB) globally. More than one quarter of TB cases and TB-related deaths worldwide occur in India each year. Kerala's TB incidence is estimated to be 67 cases per 100,000. Objective was to estimate the proportion of Pulmonary TB cases diagnosed at different levels of the health care system across all the fourteen districts of Kerala from January to September 2019.Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted on information obtained from the NIKSHAY portal from January to September 2019. Proportion of cases detected at PHC, CHC, THQ, District hospital and other tertiary care facilities was computed. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 23.0.Results: The maximum number of new TB cases (70.8%) was being detected at the primary care level, while 20.3% of new cases were detected from tertiary care centres and 8.9% from secondary care centres. At the primary healthcare level, the maximum number of newly diagnosed TB cases was reported from Wayanad district (88.0%) while, in the secondary and tertiary care levels, Kollam district was found to diagnose the maximum number of new TB cases (24.0% and 48.4% respectively).Conclusions: In this study, majority of the new TB cases were being diagnosed at the Primary health care level. However, in few districts the secondary and tertiary care centres were found to be diagnosing a greater number of cases.

scholarly journals Inappropriate Vancomycin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients Increases Pediatric Trauma and Hospital Costs

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manika Suryadevara ◽  
Kelly E. Steidl ◽  
Luke A. Probst ◽  
Jana Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Health Care Provider ◽  
Care Provider ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Hospital Cost ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Trough Concentrations

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to measure the appropriateness of vancomycin monitoring in a pediatric tertiary care center and to evaluate the effectiveness of two interventions, autonomous pharmacy therapeutic drug monitoring and health care provider education, in reducing avoidable pediatric patient trauma and hospital cost. METHODS A retrospective chart review evaluating vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in pediatric inpatients was performed before and after the introduction of an autonomous pharmacy TDM program and health care provider (HCP) education. RESULTS Thirty-five patients were included in our study, prior to any intervention. Of these, 9% of patients had trough concentrations appropriately deferred. Of the total of 64 trough concentrations obtained, 94% were considered to be inappropriate. After the start of the autonomous pharmacy TDM program, of the 54 eligible patients (111 troughs), 9% had trough concentrations appropriately deferred, and 34% were inappropriate. In the 3-month period following the introduction of HCP education in combination with pharmacy TDM, we identified 27 eligible patients. Among those, 15% of the patients had trough concentrations appropriately deferred. Of the 43 trough concentrations obtained, only 9% were considered to be inappropriate. The combination of pharmacy TDM with HCP education decreased annualized hospital cost by 60%, from $13,080 to $5232. CONCLUSIONS Inappropriate vancomycin TDM occurs commonly in our institution, resulting in unnecessary hospital cost and patient trauma. The combination of pharmacy TDM and HCP education significantly improved clinical practice; however, results were short-lived. Further interventions, such as computer based order entry, will likely be needed to reinforce and improve long-term TDM practice in pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Overview on the recommendations for breastfeeding and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-343
Author(s):  
Helaine Jacinta Salvador Mocelin ◽  
Cândida Caniçali Primo ◽  
Mariana Rabello Laignier
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Viral Transmission ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Study Results ◽  
International Importance ◽  
The Face ◽  
Review Study

Introduction: Human infection caused by the new Coronavirus is a public health emergency of international importance, whose clinical spectrum ranges from mild symptoms to severe acute respiratory syndrome. However, there is weak information about the clinical presentations of Coronavirus in newborns and children. Objective: To describe the recommendations about breastfeeding during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: Scope review study. Results: The discussion on viral transmission through breastfeeding is controversial and the recommendations vary according to experts of different countries. Conclusion: The scientific knowledge currently available does not allow to accurately inform the best conduct in the breastfeeding process, making each country decide the strategy that best adapts to its reality. Implications for the practice: It is important that the health team has a close eye to identify atypical signs and symptoms during this process to act preventively in the face of possible complications.

Value cocreation in service ecosystems

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Beirão ◽  
Lia Patrício ◽  
Raymond P. Fisk
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Value Cocreation ◽  
Multilevel Perspective ◽  
Service Ecosystems ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand value cocreation in service ecosystems from a multilevel perspective, uncovering value cocreation factors and outcomes at the micro, meso, and macro levels. Design/methodology/approach A Grounded Theory approach based on semi-structured interviews is adopted. The sample design was defined to enable the ecosystem analysis at its different levels. At the macro level was the Portuguese Health Information ecosystem. Embedded meso level units of analysis comprised eight health care organizations. A total of 48 interviews with citizens and health care practitioners were conducted at the micro level. Findings Study results enable a detailed understanding of the nature and dynamics of value cocreation in service ecosystems from a multilevel perspective. First, value cocreation factors are identified (resource access, resource sharing, resource recombination, resource monitoring, and governance/institutions generation). These factors enable actors to integrate resources in multiple dynamic interactions to cocreate value outcomes, which involve both population well-being and ecosystem viability. Study results show that these value cocreation factors and outcomes differ across levels, but they are also embedded and interdependent. Practical implications The findings have important implications for organizations that are ecosystem actors (like the Portuguese Ministry of Health) for understanding synergies among value cocreation factors and outcomes at the different levels. This provides orientations to better integrate different actor roles, technology, and information while facilitating ecosystem coordination and co-evolution. Originality/value This study responds to the need for a multilevel understanding of value cocreation in service ecosystems. It also illuminates how keystone players in the ecosystem should manage their value propositions to promote resource integration for each actor, fostering resource density and ecosystem viability. It also bridges the high-level conceptual perspective of Service-Dominant logic with specific empirical findings in the very important context of health care.

scholarly journals Utilization Of Electronic Reminder Method On Enhancement Hazard Reporting Cards In Oil & Gas Company X

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Hannisa Yanuar Utama
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Employee Participation ◽  
Electronic Reminder ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Oil Gas

Background: Hazard reporting card is a tool used to identify hazards and risks in the workplace. Based on data obtained by researcher, the filling of hazard reporting cards at oil and gas company X, there are only about 30% - 75%, the reason is because employees often forget to fill in, while all employees are required to fill cards every month. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the possibility of whether the electronic reminder method can be used to increase the number of employee participation in filling out hazard reporting cards. Methods: This study uses a literature review study. Results: The results of the study in 21 journals showed that there were 15 journals successfully applying the reminder method and there were 6 journals stating there were positive responses from respondents towards the application of the electronic reminder method. Conclusion: The conclusion of this research is that this method can be recommended to be applied in the HSE field of the office in the oil and gas company X.

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