scholarly journals The interrelation of the chemical composition and mechanical properties of constructional alloyed steels

2018 ◽  
pp. 328-335
Author(s):  
V.A. Lutsenko ◽  
E.V. Parusov ◽  
T.N. Golubenko ◽  
O.V. Lutsenko ◽  
O.V. Parusov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Relative Elongation ◽  
Interatomic Interaction ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Structural Parameter ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
European Standards

The aim of the work is to determine the content intervals of alloying elements in structural alloyed steels, which ensure the obtaining of mechanical properties and the conformity of rolled products to the requirements of European standards. The studies were conducted using a predictive model developed by the Iron and Steel Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, taking into account the full chemical composition of the steel. The regularities of changes in the interatomic interaction parameter on the number of alloying elements in the steel composition and its relationship with mechanical properties are revealed. The dependences of mechanical properties (tensile strength, relative elongation) on the chemical composition of steel are constructed through the physicochemical criterion – the average statistical distance between interacting atoms (structural parameter d). The interrelation between the chemical composition and mechanical properties of chrome-molybdenum structural steels has been established. It is shown that increasing the chromium content increases the tensile strength, and doping with molybdenum and vanadium increases the ductility of rolled products. It was determined that in order to guarantee compliance with the requirements of the ultimate strength (900-1100 MPa) and relative elongation (> 11%) for steel 31CrMoV9, the content of alloying elements should correspond to the following intervals: 2.42-2.62%Cr, 0.2-0, 23%Mo and 0.17-0.20%V. The results obtained make it possible to predict the mechanical properties of doped steel, depending on the actual chemical composition of the steel.

scholarly journals Optimisation of chemical composition of high-strength structural steels for achieving mechanical property requirements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Babachenko ◽  
Hanna Kononenko ◽  
Iryna Snigura ◽  
Nataliya Togobytska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Interatomic Interaction ◽  
Structural Steels ◽  
Integral Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Iron And Steel

In addition to thermomechanical treatment, one of the main factors affecting the mechanical properties of steel is the chemical composition. The chemical composition may vary for a special high-strength low-alloy steel to meet certain mechanical property requirements. This work presents an approach, based on the method of physical-chemical modelling developed at the Z.I. Nekrasov Iron and Steel Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, to optimise the chemical composition of high-strength structural steels. The principle of this method is to describe the chemical composition of a melt by a complex of integral model parameters of interatomic interaction, characterising the chemical and structural state of the melt. The experimental data were analysed to obtain the regression model for mechanical properties based on the parameters of interatomic interaction. Finally, a multi-criteria optimisation method was applied to obtain an optimal set of microalloying elements which ensure the required mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical models for expert evaluation of mechanical properties of structural steels

2018 ◽  
pp. 384-393
Author(s):  
A.A. Kononenko ◽  
A.V. Puchikov ◽  
O.V. Kuksa ◽  
A.N. Kuksa ◽  
I.R. Snigura
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Interatomic Interaction ◽  
Structural Steels ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Chemical Models ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Matrix

The aim of the study is to develop an adapted methodology for assessing the influence of the chemical composition on the properties of multicomponent steels and finished rolled products. An approach to predicting the mechanical properties of structural steels with regard to heat treatment parameters, based on the concept of a directed chemical bond in the description of interatomic interaction in the melt, is presented. The physico-chemical models of the structure of the melts, which interconnect their composition, structure, and properties, were developed in the Iron and Steel Institute of NAS Ukraine. The representation of the element-by-element composition of multicomponent steels in the integral parameters of the interatomic interaction makes it possible to reduce the parametricity of the models. The role of various pairing interactions of alloying, microalloying and impurity elements in the formation of properties of steels and alloys was evaluated. A factor analysis has been carried out, the chemical composition of the steel has been structured into various subsystems. It is shown that the most significant subsystems are the matrix m (C, Si, Mn) and microalloying ml (Cr, Mo, V, Ni, Ti, Nb). For two samples of structural steels with significant technological differences and features (1-st group - low alloyed steels: St3sp, VSt3sp, VMSt3sp; 2-nd group: 09Г2ФБ, 10ХСНД, 15ХСНД, 14Г2САФ, 14Г2АФ, 16Г2АФ) dependencies of the type are obtained: σВ (σ0,2, δ5) = f (interatomic interaction parameters, Vcool). It is shown that the most important parameters for calculating the σB, σ0.2 and δ5 matrix subsystem m are the integral parameters of the interatomic interaction d and ZY, dm and tgαm, and for the microalloying subsystem ml - ZYml and dml, as well as the cooling rate Vcool for both subsystems. The developed semi-empirical models are recommended for expert assessment of the mechanical properties of structural steels and for use in automated control systems and automated process control systems.

Effect of Small Iron, Chromium and Boron Additions as Alloying Elements on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ni3Al

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Radu L. Orban ◽  
Mariana Lucaci
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Alloyed Powder ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
Powder Mixtures ◽  
B Additions ◽  
Strength And Ductility ◽  
Iron Chromium

This paper investigates the effect of Fe, Cr and B additions, in small proportions, as alloying elements in Ni3Al with the purpose to reduce its intrinsic fragility and extrinsic embrittlement and to enhance, in the same time, its mechanical properties. It represents a development of some previous research works of the authors, proving that Ni3Al-Fe-Cr-B alloys obtained by reactive synthesis (SHS) starting from Mechanically Alloyed powder mixtures have superior both room temperature tensile strength and ductility, and compression ones at temperatures up to 800 °C, than pure Ni3Al. These create premises for their using as superalloys substitutes.

Thermal Stability of Mechanical Properties of Copper after Equal-Channel Angular Pressing

2008 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 960-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Kravchenko ◽  
Alexander Korshunov ◽  
Natalia Zhdanova ◽  
Lev Polyakov ◽  
Irina Kaganova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Annealed oxygen-free and tough-pitch copper samples have been processed by equalchannel angular pressing (ECAP) by route BC. The samples included 8 x 8 mm section pieces and a 40 mm diameter bar. Thermal stability was assessed based on the changes in the standard mechanical properties (conventional yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, proportional elongation and contraction) after annealing at different temperatures for 1 hour. Thermal stability of the same grade of material has been found to be different for different batches and to depend on the structural conditions of deformed material. The zone of thermal stability for copper of the two grades of interest does not depend on the material’s chemical composition.

Quantitative Evaluation of The Chemical Composition of γ-γ’Interfaces in Ni Superalloys

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (S2) ◽  
pp. 264-265
Author(s):  
H. A. Calderon ◽  
M. Benyoucef ◽  
N. Clement
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Local Distribution ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
Ni Alloys

The excellent mechanical properties of Ni based superalloys depend upon the presence of γ’ particles (LI2 structure). Their volume fraction, spatial distribution and size determine the mechanical strength of these alloys. Ni alloys for technological applications make use of large volume fractions of precipitates where processes of coarsening and coalescence take place during service leading in some cases to deterioration of properties. Addition of different alloying elements prevents accelerated coalescence by retarding diffusion and thus improving the mechanical properties of such alloys. Coalescence can also take place under the influence of an applied stress leading to the formation of rafts of the y' phase. For example the microstructure changes during creep deformation, depending on the alloy composition, with the corresponding formation of dislocation networks and rafts of different morphologies [1]. The γ-γ’ interfaces are also different depending on the alloy composition and most likely to the local distribution of alloying elements and their strain fields.

scholarly journals Effect of Vanadium and Molybdenum on the Crystallization, Microstructure and Properties of Hypoeutectic Silumin

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Szymczak ◽  
G. Gumienny ◽  
T. Pacyniak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Microstructure And Properties

Abstract The paper presents the results of hypoeutectic silumin 226 grade and silumin produced on its basis through the addition of V and Mo. Vanadium and molybdenum were added as the preliminary alloy AlV10 and AlMo8 in an amount providing the concentration of 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.4% V and Mo. TDA curves of tested silumins were presented; regardless of the chemical composition there were similar thermal effects. Pressure castings microstructure research revealed the presence in silumins with the addition of V and Mo phases do not occur in silumin without these additives. These phases have a morphology similar to the walled, and their size increases with increasing concentration of V and Mo. The size of the precipitates of these phases silumin containing 0.1% V and Mo does not exceed 10 microns, while 0.4% of the content of these elements increases to about 80 microns. Tests of basic mechanical properties of silumins were carried out. It has been shown that the highest values of tensile strength Rm = 295 MPa and elongation A = 4.2% have silumin containing approximately 0.1% V and Mo. Increasing concentrations of these elements causes a gradual lowering of the Rm and A values.

scholarly journals Collagen hydrolysate from chromed shavings for leather finish

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolis Kubilius ◽  
Violeta Valeikiene ◽  
Virgilijus Valeika
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Enzyme Preparation ◽  
Relative Elongation ◽  
Collagen Hydrolysate ◽  
Hydrolysis Method ◽  
Direct Addition ◽  
Leather Finishing

Chrome shavings are posing a pollution threat. An alkali-enzymatic hydrolysis method was utilized to get collagen hydrolysate (CH) as possible constituent for leather finishing formulations. The new enzyme preparation Vilzim PRO Conc was exploited for the hydrolysis. The dependence of CH properties on conditions of hydrolysis was explored. The direct addition 5% CH into finishing compositions increases tensile strength and relative elongation of films obtained from the compositions. Further increase of the collagen hydrolysate content in the films leads to worse mechanical properties of the films.

Researches Regarding the Influence of Alloying Elements on the Mechanical Properties of Lamellar Graphite Cast Iron

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Elena Valentina Stoian ◽  
Vasile Bratu ◽  
Cristiana Maria Enescu ◽  
Dan Nicolae Ungureanu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Silicon Iron ◽  
Graphite Cast Iron ◽  
Hardness Increase ◽  
Lamellar Graphite ◽  
Cylinder Liners

Abstract Aim of the study is to present the technological process of obtaining cast iron with lamellar graphite for use in the manufacture of cylinder liners, and to identify the main alloying elements and track their influence on the mechanical properties of cast iron with lamellar graphite. Also paper presents analysis of 20 batches of cast iron with lamellar graphite, which are made of cylinder liners, in terms of chemical composition and the mechanical properties. After the analysis of the 20 castings of cast iron Fc 250 it is observed that: the increase in the carbon content shows a decrease of the tensile strength and hardness of the gray cast iron; the increase in silicon content shows a decrease in hardness and tensile strength. Decreasing the amount of graphite and especially the alloy of silicon iron lead to hardness increase 1% Si increases hardness by 50 HB). A statistical analysis has been performed on the data obtained that accounts for changes in alloying additions. A modeling and optimization of mechanical properties (tensile strength and hardness) was performed according to the percentages of carbon, silicon and manganese. Mathematical modeling found that the hardness and traction resistance of the cast iron decreased with the increase in carbon, silicon and manganese content.

scholarly journals A Super-Ductile Alloy for the Diecasting of Aluminium Automotive Body Structural Components

2014 ◽  
Vol 794-796 ◽  
pp. 526-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Watson ◽  
Shou Xun Ji ◽  
Zhong Yun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Automotive Body ◽  
Structural Parts

Super-ductile diecast aluminium alloys are critical to future lightweighting of automotive body structures. This paper introduces a diecast aluminium alloy that can satisfy the requirements of these applications. After a review of currently available alloys, the requirement of a diecast aluminium alloy for automotive body structural parts is proposed and an Al-Mg-Si system is suggested. The effect of the alloying elements, in the composition, has been investigated on the microstructure and mechanical properties, in particular the yield strength, the ultimate tensile strength and elongation.

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