scholarly journals Innovation - an Important Condition for the Formation of a Competitive Economy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Rinkiashvili
Keyword(s):  
High Tech ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Innovation Infrastructure ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Innovative Climate ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Competitive Economy

One of the most important conditions for the development of the Georgian economy and its successful integration into the world economic space is to focus on the development of innovations and, as a result, to form a competitive economy. At present, the innovative climate in Georgia is not favorable for the formation of a competitive economy. There is no unified innovative state policy, weak innovation infrastructure, limited innovation market and normal economic stimulus to manage these processes. Financial difficulties, lack of proper guarantees in the industrial field and difficulties in creating modern and especially in high-tech production area, unstable pace of development further reduced the interest in innovative activities and led to its gradual decline. As a result, Georgia ranks 74th place among 141 countries in the Competitiveness Index. In the modern global space, the development of innovative potential is an important condition for the formation of a competitive economy of the country. In the article we focused on some of the problems of innovative development and its solution. The competitiveness potential of the country is analyzed, the role of the state in the formation of a competitive economy through the development of innovations is given.

Chief Executive Officer's traits and open innovation in small and medium enterprises: the mediating role of innovation climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tharwa Najar ◽  
Karima Dhaouadi
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Top Managers ◽  
Innovative Climate ◽  
Innovation Climate

PurposeThis paper aims to study the impact of Chief Executive Officer's (CEO's) personality traits on open innovation (OI) strategies and the mediating effect of innovation climate by mobilizing the upper echelons theory and the OI literature. In fact, CEO's role in OI promotion has been under-investigated in the literature especially in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and in developing economies.Design/methodology/approachBased on the structural equation modeling, a survey is scheduled by administrating a questionnaire within 178 CEOs in Tunisian high-tech sector. The relevance of the empirical evidences is to disclose human levers to the success of OI strategies in the Tunisian context as a developing country.FindingsThe results show the importance of CEO's entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and attitude in promoting innovation climate and so then OI strategies. The study offers a reading grid for managers of high-tech SMEs to better lead and identify key factors for OI adoption. Innovative climate is found to be a relevant driver of OI encompassing the key role of attitude and EO of top managers.Practical implicationsResults highlight the relevance of the recruitment of appropriate top managers with high levels of EO and with positive attitude toward OI in order to facilitate OI integration and to enhance SMEs' competitiveness. Entrepreneurially oriented CEOs should be required in order to overcome "Not Invented Here" and "Not Shared Here" syndromes, to support innovative climate and to encourage knowledge import and export in the Tunisian SMEs.Originality/valueThis paper sheds light on the micro-foundation of OI by emphasizing the relevance of human factors and namely EO and attitude of CEOs in OI issue. It provides conceptual and empirical clarification of the extent to which CEO's traits affect OI through innovative climate. This would value initiatives exploring key individual's characteristics influence on OI strategies within SMEs.

The Bureaucratic Bourgeoisie

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (S1) ◽  
pp. 231-252
Author(s):  
Chris Miller
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Third World ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
World Economic

This article examines shifts in Soviet ideas about the economic and political role of the state. Drawing on documents from Russian archives as well as published debates, the article traces Soviet ideas about how states operate. Examining the role of writers such as Fedor Burlatsky and Karen Brutents, the article suggests that by the 1970s and 1980s, Soviet analysts increasingly believed that state structures could be self-interested, functioning as a type of class. Soviet scholars concluded that such self-interested state structures explained some of what they perceived as the failures of third-world economic development—as well as some of the pathologies of the USSR’s own politics.

The Changing Role of the State in High-Tech Industrial Development: The Experience of Hong Kong

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
A G-O Yeh ◽  
M K Ng
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Active Role ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Government

This paper is an examination of the role of the Hong Kong government vis-à-vis governments in Japan and other Asian newly industrialized economies (NIEs) in high-tech industrial development. It is argued that, whereas governments of Japan and other Asian NIEs have played very important roles in facilitating industrial restructuring, the Hong Kong government has so far refrained from direct participation in industrial development. Although the Hong Kong government has assumed an important position in the course of economic development in the territory, especially in terms of land-related economic activities, it has little vested interest and experience in directing industrial developments. It was not until the 1990s that the government switched from a ‘positive nonintervention’ to a ‘minimum intervention with maximum support’ industrial policy and began to play a more active role in facilitating industrial upgrading. The effectiveness of the changing industrial policy and the prospects for high-tech development in the territory are reviewed by examining the challenges and opportunities faced by the Hong Kong government in facilitating high-tech industrial development.

scholarly journals The Role of a Region in the Implementation of Innovative Projects for Non-Defence High-Technology Production

2020 ◽  
pp. 477-486
Author(s):  
Iurii V. Erygin ◽  
Elena V. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
High Technology ◽  
International Markets ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Innovation Infrastructure ◽  
The Military

The article discusses the problems of involving the innovative potential of enterprises of the military-industrial complex in the implementation of innovative projects for the non-defence high-technology production, as well as determining the role and place of the regional innovation infrastructure in their implementation. The aim of the study is to justify the role of a region in the implementation of innovative projects for the non-defence high-technology production, to determine features and formulate requirements for the development of the regional innovation infrastructure that provides support for these innovative projects based on the interaction of the regional innovation system enterprises with the military-industrial complex and infrastructure facilities at the national and international levels. As a result of the study, the authors highlighted the most important areas of interaction between the enterprises of the military-industrial complex and the region’s innovative infrastructure facilities (raising funds, promoting high-tech civilian products to national and international markets, etc.) and formulated the requirements for its formation. The results of the study can be used in managing the innovative development of the regions where high-tech enterprises of the militaryindustrial complex are located

THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN FORMING THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF THE RUSSIAN AIRCRAFT PRODUCTS ON THE WORLD MARKET

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Aram I. Afyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Transportation ◽  
World Market ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Technological Cooperation ◽  
Civil Aircraft ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

The aviation industry for Russia is traditionally one of the important backbone elements of the national economy due to its belonging to knowledge-intensive and high-tech industries, the possibility of embedding in international technical and technological cooperation and cooperation, as well as its impact on innovative development and sustainability of economic growth. Despite the stagnation in the post-Soviet decade and the resulting trend towards lagging behind the leading aircraft-building countries, the development of the industry has always been of strategic importance for Russia, primarily in terms of ensuring the country's transport security. To implement integration tasks in such a huge country, a developed system of air transportation, including a national park of civil aircraft, needs to function.

The impact of taxation on the activities of innovative enterprises, taking into account the current economic situation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musaev R.M ◽  
Ibragimov N.F.
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
State Tax ◽  
Current Economic Situation ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates major points of the successful functioning and modernization of the national economy is the transfer of the economy to an innovative development path, the creation of a high-tech and competitive economy. In the transition to the modern model of economic growth, the level of activity of enterprises is of great importance, where high activity is ensured by the leading role of the state in stimulating and determining national priorities and the active influence of the state on the process of innovative development through mechanisms of state tax stimulation of economic development. In conclusion, it makes an emphasis on both theoretical and methodological basis as a whole.

Mechanisms to Overcome Social Constraints on the Way to Innovative Development of Single-Industry Cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
О. Быкова ◽  
O. Bykova ◽  
Т. Ермолаева ◽  
T. Ermolaeva ◽  
О. Скрябин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Current State ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Innovative Climate ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
Major Factors

The article deals with social issues inhibiting development of single-industry cities. The authors point out the major factors that should be taken into account in the elaboration of development concepts to avoid social unrest. This article provides an analysis of the current state of innovation development of single-industry cities in Russia and the role of the State in creating an innovative climate. This article discusses some shortcomings in the innovation policy of the State. The authors assess the prospects of innovational development of single-industry cities and points out the necessity to study the concepts of development and reformation the existing legislation.

Diagnoses

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Management ◽  
State Government ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Culture ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Internal Trade

Creation of an industrial culture is always a slow and difficult process, especially for high-tech industries in backward areas. In such circumstances, what is the role of the state government and the management in creating this culture? What parameters should be used to evaluate demands for wage rise? These are some of the questions that the diagnostic case, The Bajaj Lockout, raises. The casewriter and other experts from the academic and the practising worlds provide us their diagnoses of the case. To promote and foster healthy industrial relations, Kher emphasizes the need to educate the workers in fair negotiation practices while Shelat elaborates on the role of the state government in ensuring an ideal industrial climate. Joseph highlights the role of systematic grievance handling procedures whereas Sarkar observes that faulty recruitment policy combined with the promotion of an internal trade union are sure indicators of deficient personnel management. Removing barriers to communication: between workers and the manageme~t and introducing participative rrianagament will contribute to better industrial relations concludes Saha.

scholarly journals Development of the it sector in Russia: drivers and stimulation methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
M. V. Ryzhkova ◽  
V. V. Spitsin ◽  
N. A. Skrylnikova
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
High Tech ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Statistical Methodology ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Information Technology Sector ◽  
Computer Services

The development of the digital economy is directly linked to advances in the information technology sector. The information technology sector refers to a set of high-tech computer services. The article shows the place of this sector in the provision of high-tech services according to international and Russian statistical methodology. It has been substantiated that the information technology sector has a significant cumulative development effect. The IT sector refers to a set of high-tech computer services. The drivers of the information technology sector development have been identified and the government’s methods of stimulating it have been analysed. Particular attention has been paid to global external shocks to the industry, namely sanctions and the COVID-19 pandemic. The short term specifics of the information technology sector drivers have been highlighted. The role of the state as a facilitator of methods to stimulate industry development has been shown. 

scholarly journals Beyond the Community: On the Book "Good Economics for Hard Times" by Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Hard Times ◽  
Social Insecurity

The review is devoted to the book by 2019 Nobel laureates in Economics Esther Duflo and Abhijit Banerjee, published in Russian by the Gaidar Institute Publishing House in 2021. Building upon the crisis of confidence in economists, the authors in the microeconomic plane reflect upon a set of effective tools for combating poverty in economic science. The book focuses on the following topics: trust, migration, trade, economic growth, technological progress, the role of the state in the economy, and basic income. Duflo and Banerjee consider real situations within the framework of these topics, using the method of natural experiments, in order to show the inconsistency and lack of fundamental basis in numerous stereotypes of economic policy. Technological progress is useful for high-tech industries in terms of creating jobs and saving public funds, but for the rest of the labor market it may destroy jobs and lead to increasing social insecurity of citizens with low incomes. It is the consideration of the program theses of economic science on trust, migration, trade, technological progress and welfare from the perspective of socially vulnerable population segments that determines the uniqueness of the study. Since the work touches on disparate areas, it also has a number of drawbacks, which are mentioned in the review. In particular, the idea of a natural experiment is not followed by a political economy generalization, which is a disadvantage of the work.

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