Development of Science Literature Instruments Contained Ethnoscience in Science Subject for Class IV Elementary School Students

This study aimed to produce scientific literacy instruments containing ethnoscience for grade IV elementary school on science subject theme number 9 "Kayanya Negeriku" which is valid, reliable, feasible, and practical. This research method used R&D research with ADDIE research design (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). The steps developed include design, expert validation, small-scale trials, and large-scale trials. The instrument developed is a reasoned multiple choice instrument. The data collection technique in this development research was a test (multiple choice) and a practicality questionnaire. The results of the validation of scientific literacy instruments containing ethnoscience are valid, the reliability value during small-scale trials was 0.671 and when large-scale trials were 0.711 these values indicate the instrument is reliable. The differentiating power of small-scale questions obtained 20 multiple-choice questions for grade IV elementary school, there were 10 items received, 2 items were accepted but needed to be corrected, and 8 items were corrected. The analysis of large-scale discrepancy from 20 questions contained 11 items for the criteria for the items to be accepted, 3 items were accepted but needed to be corrected, and 6 items were corrected. Testing results of the difficulty level gained the results of quantitative analysis on a small scale for the level of difficulty of the questions stated that, as many as 2 questions with easy criteria, 13 questions with medium criteria and 5 questions with difficult criteria. While the results of quantitative analysis on a large scale for the level of difficulty of the questions stated that, as many as 3 items with difficult criteria, 17 questions with moderate criteria and for easy criteria were not found in large-scale trials. The practicality of the instrument can be decided based on the percentage of practicality. The percentage obtained from the teacher's assessment is in very practical criteria. Keywords: Development, Instrument, Science Literacy, Ethnoscience.

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OPTIMALISASI TES PRESTASI BUATAN GURU MATA PELAJARAN IPS SD UNTUK EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN YANG PRESISI

Ta dib ◽

10.31958/jt.v22i2.1498 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 121

Author(s):

Ayu Rahma Nengsi ◽

Gusnita Efrina

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Social Science ◽

Item Analysis ◽

Classical Test Theory ◽

Multiple Choice ◽

Achievement Tests ◽

Field Trials ◽

Test Theory ◽

Difficulty Level ◽

Evaluation Instrument

The research goal is to develop an accurate learning evaluation instrument in Social science (IPS) subject in elementary school. The method used is Research and Development, following the 4 main steps of the Richey RDPE model, namely: research, design, production and evaluation. Field trials were carried out 2 times, with the number of respondents increasing each stage. Analysis of item characteristics uses classical test theory. The results of the development are in the form of achievement tests for Social science subjects at the fifth grade of elementary school, consisting of 35 multiple choice items and 5 essay items. The test was developed by following the standards for writing a proper test, all procedures taken have been approved by experts from a qualitative perspective. Item analysis is performed for multiple choice tests with 94.3% of questions have moderate difficulty level, the range of index values is 0.53-0.67. 80% of the items have good differentiation, the average index value is 0.30-0.50. Optimization of teacher-made achievement tests produces more qualified test kits in performing measurement functions, as evidenced by the scores obtained by students which accurately describe their real abilities during the learning process

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MEDIA KARTU KUARTET DIKDA SENI TARI BERBASIS OUTDOOR LEARNING

Joyful Learning Journal ◽

10.15294/jlj.v9i2.39356 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 72-77

Author(s):

Siti Eva Ariyanti Eva Ariyanti

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Research And Development ◽

Large Scale ◽

Dance Education ◽

Second Grade ◽

Small Scale ◽

Outdoor Learning ◽

Natural Motion ◽

The Media

Dalam seni tari, guru kelas II SD Negeri 03 Bawu diketahui belum menggunakan media pembelajaran yang inovatif, sehingga diperlukan media yang inovatif dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media kartu kuartet DIKDA seni tari berbasis outdoor learning pada materi gerak keseharian dan alam. Untuk mengembangkan media tersebut digunakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D) diadaptasi dari Sugiyono. Penelitian ini diikuti oleh siswa kelas II SD Negeri 03 Bawu berjumlah 41 siswa. Teknik analisis data meliputi analisis data produk, analisis data awal, dan analisis data akhir berupa uji t-tes dan uji n-gain. Hasil pengembangan media kartu kuartet DIKDA Seni Tari berbasis outdoor learning sangat layak digunakan dengan memperoleh hasil persentase sebesar 96,88% oleh ahli media, 96,88% oleh ahli materi dan 93,75% oleh ahli bahasa. Dari hasil skala kecil tanggapan siswa terhadap media sangat baik dengan persentase 100% dan 92% dari tanggapan pada skala besar mendapatkan persentase 97,9% dari siswa dan 100% dari guru. Hasil uji peningkatan rata-rata diperoleh hasil sebesar 0,567 pada skala kecil dan 0,466 pada skala besar. Simpulan penelitian media kartu kuartet DIKDA Seni Tari berbasis outdoor learning materi gerak keseharian dan alam layak dan efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar psikomotorik siswa kelas II Sekolah Dasar. Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran; kartu kuartet DIKDA; outdoor learning; Seni Tari In dance education, in the second grade aof Bawu 03 elementary school had not used innovative learning media, so that media development was needed in learning. This research aimed to develop, to find out the results of feasibility, and test the effectiveness of DIKDA quartet cards on dance education based on outdoor learning on daily and natural motion material. The type of this study was Research and Development (R & D) adapted from Sugiyonos theory. The participants of this study were the second grade at Bawu 03 elementary school in the number of 41 students. Data analysis techniques included product data analysis, initial data analysis, and final data analysis in the form of t-test and n-gain test. The results showed that learning media in the media of DIKDA quartet cards on dance education based on outdoor learning was very feasible to use by obtaining a percentage of 96,88% by media experts, 96.88% by material experts and 93,75% by language experts. The results of small scale got a percentage of 100% of students and 92% of teachers and on a large scale get a percentage of 97,9% of students and 100% of teachers. The results of the test large scale got on average obtained results of 0.567 on a small scale and 0.466 on a large scale. The conclusion of this research was the media of DIKDA quartet cards on dance education based on outdoor learning on daily and natural motion material was feasible and effective in improving students psychomotor learning outcomes in the second grade. Keywords: learning media; quartet card DIKDA; outdoor learning; dance education

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Affix-based Distractor Generation for Tamil Multiple Choice Questions using Neural Word Embedding

Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities ◽

10.21659/rupkatha.v13n2.16 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Shanthi Murugan ◽

◽

Balasundaram S R ◽

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Research Effort ◽

Multiple Choice ◽

Automatic Generation ◽

Difficulty Level ◽

Multiple Choice Questions ◽

Educational Domain ◽

Part Of Speech ◽

Educational Applications

Assessment plays an important role in learning and Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) are quite popular in large-scale evaluations. Technology enabled learning necessitates a smart assessment. Therefore, automatic MCQ generation became increasingly popular in the last two decades. Despite a large amount of research effort, system generated MCQs are not useful in real educational applications. This is because of the inability to produce the diverse and human alike distractors. Distractors are the wrong choices given along with the correct answer (key) to confuse the examinee. Especially, in educational domain (grammar learning) the MCQs deal with affix-based or morphologically transformed distractors. In this paper, we present a method for automatic generation of affix-based distractors for fill-in-the-blanks for learning Tamil Vocabulary. Affix-based distractor generation relies on certain regularities manifest in high dimensional spaces. We investigate the quality of distractors generated by a number of criteria, including Part-Of-Speech, difficulty level, spelling, word co-occurrence, semantic similarity and affixation. We evaluated our proposed method in grammar based Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) dataset. The result shows that affix-based distractors, yield significantly more plausible outcomes in certain grammar based questions.

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PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA INTERAKTIF CERITA FABEL MENTILIN YANG CERDIK MENGGUNAKAN ARTICULATE STORYLINE 3 UNTUK SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR (Interactive Media Development of Clever Horsfield's Tarsier [Mentilin] Fable Story Using Articulate Storyline 3 for Fourth Grade Students at Elementary School)

Sirok Bastra ◽

10.37671/sb.v9i2.313 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Aliyah Tazkiyah ◽

Maulina Hendrik ◽

Nurjannah Nurjannah

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Research And Development ◽

Large Scale ◽

Interactive Media ◽

Fourth Grade ◽

Student Response ◽

Small Scale ◽

Research Approach ◽

School Students ◽

Expert Validation

Banyak siswa tidak tertarik mempelajari cerita fabel yang hanya berupa teks dan belum menggunakan media pembelajaran. Padahal, fabel merupakan salah satu tradisi lisan yang sarat dengan nilai kebudayaan yang diajarkan di sekolah melalui pembelajaran sastra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media interaktif cerita fabel Mentilin yang Cerdik dengan menggunakan Articulate Storyline 3 untuk siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar yang sahih dan praktis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah research and development (RD) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Model ini terdiri atas empat tahap, yaitu analisis (analysis), perancangan (design), pengembangan (development), dan implementasi (implementation). Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa angket validasi ahli materi, ahli bahasa, ahli media, serta angket respons guru dan siswa. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa media yang dikembangkan dinyatakan sangat sahih dan sangat praktis. Media interaktif sangat sahih diperoleh dari validasi ahli media dengan persentase sebesar 97,5%, ahli materi 92,5%, dan ahli bahasa 92,5%. Sementara itu, media interaktif dinyatakan sangat praktis dengan dibuktikannya hasil angket respons siswa pada uji coba skala kecil dengan persentase sebesar 98,75%, uji coba skala besar dengan persentase sebesar 97%, dan hasil angket respons guru memperoleh persentase sebesar 98,75%. This research is motivated by students who are not interested in studying fable stories which are only in the form of text and had not used learning media. Using Articulate Storyline 3 for fourth-grade elementary school students attempted to create valid and practical interactive media for Mentilin yang Cerdik fable stories. The research approach used was Research and Development (RD), which followed the ADDIE development model with four stages: analysis, design, development, and implementation. Material expert validation questionnaires, linguists, media experts, teacher, and student response questionnaires were all used to collect data. Material expert validation questionnaires, linguists, media experts, teacher, and student response questionnaires were all used to collect data. The result of research and development stated that the media was very valid and very practical. Very valid interactive media was obtained from the validation of media experts with a percentage of 97.5%, material experts 92.5%, and linguists 92.5%. While interactive media is stated to be very practical with the evidence of the results of student response questionnaires in small-scale trials with a a percentage of 98.75%, large-scale trials with a percentage of 97%, and the results of teacher response questionnaires obtaining a percentage of 98.75%.

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PENGEMBANGAN SSP TEMATIK INTEGRATIF UNTUK MEMBANGUN KARAKTER KEJUJURAN DAN KEPEDULIAN SISWA SD KELAS II

Jurnal Prima Edukasia ◽

10.21831/jpe.v3i2.7222 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 177 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sri Hariyati Qodriyah ◽

Muhammad Nur Wangid

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Elementary Schools ◽

Product Development ◽

Main Product ◽

Small Scale ◽

Study Planning ◽

Grade Ii ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Learning Sets ◽

Science Subject

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran berupa SSP Tematik yang dapat mengembangkan karakter siswa kelas 2 sekolah dasar, meliputi karakter kejujuran dan kepedulian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan yang terdiri dari tujuh tahap, yaitu studi pendahuluan, perencanaan, mengembangkan produk awal, uji coba awal, revisi produk utama, uji coba lapangan, dan revisi terhadap produk operasional. SSP yang dikembangkan dievaluasi oleh seorang ahli materi dan media untuk mengetahui validitasnya. Subjek uji coba berjumlah 90 siswa terdiri dari 23 siswa SD Sonosewu, Kasihan, Bantul, DIY sebagai subjek uji coba terbatas dan 33 siswa untuk kelas control dan 34 siswa untuk kelas eksperimen SD 1 Kadipiro, Kasihan, Bantul, DIY. Hasil penelitian ini berupa SSP yang meliputi: silabus, RPP, LKS, dan lembar penilaian. Hasil evaluasi dari ahli materi dan ahli media untuk menguji tingkat kevalidan SSP menyatakan bahwa SSP yang dikembangkan adalah valid dan berkategori “baik”. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan bahwa SSP yang dikembangkan dinyatakan layak serta memenuhi kriteria praktis dan efektif dalam mengembangkan karakter siswa. Pembelajaran dengan SSP yang dikembangkan mampu mengembangkan karakter kejujuran dan kepedulian. Kata Kunci: SSP, karakter jujur dan peduli DEVELOPING THEMATIC INTEGRATIVE SSP FOR BUILDING THE CHARACTERS OF HONESTY AND CARE GRADE II STUDENT OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Abstract This study aims to produce integrated learning sets in the form of thematic SSP that can develop the characters of honesty and care of grade II students of elementary school. This was a research and development study consisting of seven steps, i.e. preliminary study, planning, preliminary product development, preliminary tryout, main product revision, field tryout, revision of operational product, operational product revision, and revision of the final product. The developed SSP was evaluated by a science subject expert to assess the validity. The tryout subjects comprised 90 students consisting of 23 students of SD Sonosewu, Kasihan, Bantul, DIY in the small-scale tryout 33 in the control class and 34 students in the experimental class of SD 1 Kadipiro, Kasihan, Bantul, DIY. The results of this study are in the form of consisting of: a syllabus, lesson plans, a course book, student worksheets, and evaluation sheets. The results of the evaluation by science subject expert and media expert to assess the validity of the SSP show that the developed SSP is valid and in the good category. The results of the tryouts show that the developed SSP is appropriate to be applied in elementary schools and meets the criteria for practicality and effectiveness in developing of students characters. Teaching using the developed SSP is capable of developing characters of honesty and care. Keywords: SSP, characters of honesty and care.

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PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS MICROSOFT POWER POINT

JUTECH : Journal Education and Technology ◽

10.31932/jutech.v1i1.690 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anyan Anyan ◽

Benediktus Ege ◽

Hendry Faisal

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Learning Process ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Large Scale ◽

Interactive Learning ◽

Interactive Media ◽

Model Development ◽

Average Score ◽

Small Scale ◽

Power Point

ABSTRACTThe limitation of supporting media in the teaching and learning process causes the teaching and learning process to be less than optimal. To overcome this, it can be done by using interactive learning media based on Microsoft Power Point. The purpose of this study is to produce interactive PowerPoint learning products Microsoft Power Point to improve student learning outcomes in Thematic learning of the subtheme of the Beauty of the Nature of My Country in grade IV elementary school. The research method used is the published Borg and Gall research: preliminary studies, model development and model trials. The results showed that the interactive learning media developed was declared feasible. Media validation and material validation showed an average score of 82.50% and 79.16%. Student responses to teaching materials scored 81.75% in small-scale trials on large-scale trials receiving scores of 85%. The response teacher got a score of 71.7% and 89.13%. Based on the grades obtained, then the interactive learning media based on Microsoft Power Point is feasible to be applied to grade IV elementary school students.Keywords: Interactive Media, Multimedia, Power Point, Interactive LearningABSTRAKKeterbatasan media pendukung dalam proses belajar mengajar menyebabkan proses belajar mengajar menjadi kurang maksimal. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis Microsoft Power Point. Tujuan penelitian ini menghasilkan produk media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis Microsoft Power Point untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran Tematik subtema Keindahan Alam Negeriku di kelas IV SD. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Borg dan Gall yang meliputi: studi pendahuluan, pengembangan model dan uji coba model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran interaktif yang dikembangkan dinyatakan layak. Validasi media dan validasi materi menunjukan nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 82,50% dan 79,16%. Respon siswa terhadap bahan ajar interaktif memperoleh skor 81,75% pada uji coba skala kecil sedangkan uji coba skala luas memperoleh skor sebesar 85%. Respon guru mendapat skor 71,7% dan 89,13%. Berdasarkan nilai yang diperoleh, maka media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis Microsoft Power Point layak diterapkan pada siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar.Kata Kunci: Media Interaktif, Multimedia, Power Point, Pembelajaran Interaktif

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DEVELOPMENT WRITTEN TEST ASSESSMENT BASED ON INTEGRATED THEMATIC LEARNING FOR V GRADE STUDENTS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Jurnal Ilmiah Teunuleh ◽

10.51612/teunuleh.v2i2.56 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 367-381

Author(s):

Rochmiyati Rochmiyati ◽

Aminah Aminah

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Large Scale ◽

Difficulty Level ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Test Assessment ◽

Scale Test ◽

Research Populations ◽

Written Test ◽

Development Methods ◽

Thematic Learning

Development Written Test Assessment Based on Integrated Thematic Learning for V Grade Students of Elementary School. This was an integrated learning method for elementary school and to know the difficulty level, differentiation, distract, validity and reliability. The research populations were V grade students of Elementary School, Pringsewu District, Lampung Province, Indonesia. This research used research and development methods adapted with the steps according to Borg & Gall. The data collection tool used questionnaires and tests. Data analysis techniques by expert validation and test instruments were analyzed with validity, reliability, difficulty, differentiation, and distract. The validation assessment results, material and linguistic experts on question instruments were developed very well, and were worthy of use. The results of large-scale test of product development and the results of the instrument Keywords: assessment, integrated thematic learning, written test.

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Pengembangan model permainan bolatangan untuk anak usia sekolah dasar kelas atas

Jurnal Keolahragaan ◽

10.21831/jk.v4i1.8136 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Muhamad Abdurrochim

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

School Children ◽

Elementary School Children ◽

Large Scale ◽

Upper Class ◽

Small Scale ◽

Game Model ◽

Ball Game ◽

Three Phase

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model permainan bolatangan untuk anak sekolah dasar kelas atas. Produk yang dihasilkan CD dan buku. Penelitian ini mencakup tiga tahapan yaitu tahapan validasi kesesuaian dan kualitas model oleh ahli, tahap uji coba skala kecil, dan tahap uji coba skala luas. Penelitian ini dilakukan SD Negeri 1 Petir, SD Negeri 2 Petir, SD Negeri Kembangsari dan MI Sananul Ula, Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner kesesuaian model dan respon siswa terhadap permainan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para ahli dan guru menilai produk telah sesuai. Pandangan siswa, 100% permainan dapat dilakukan, menyenangkan dan dapat membuat anak menjadi senang bergerak, 90,82% memberikan tanggapan bahwa permainan mudah dilakukan, 96,94% dapat memahami peraturan dengan baik, 93,88% siswa taat pada peraturan yang berlaku, 10.20% siswa mengalami kesulitan, 98,98% siswa merasa suka dengan peralatan yang digunakan, 95,92% dapat melakukan kerjasama, dan 6,74 % merasa takut melakukan permainan yang diajarkan.Kata Kunci: Pengembangan, Bolatangan, Sekolah Dasar Kelas Atas DEVELOPMENT OF HANDBALL GAME MODEL TO UPPER CLASS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDRENAbstractThis research aimed to develop a hand ball game model to upper class elementary school children. The product result is form guide and CD. This research included of three phase were stability and quality of the model by expert phase, small-scale phase, and large-scale pahse. This research conduct in elementary school 1 petir, elementary school 2 petir, elementary school kembangsari and MI sananul Ula. The instruments that use were the suitability of the model and the response of students to the game questionnaire. The results showed that the experts and teachers assess product matches. 100% the game can be done, fun and can make children be happy moving, 90,82% provide responses that the game is easy to do, 96, 94 % can understand the rules very well, 93,88% Students obedient to regulations, 10. 20% students have difficulty, 98,98% students feel a liking equipment used, 95. 92% cooperation can do and 6,74 % feared the games taught.Keywords: development, handball, elementary school upper-class

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Item Analysis for a Better Quality Test

English Language in Focus (ELIF) ◽

10.24853/elif.2.1.59-70 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Neti Hartati ◽

Hendro Pratama Supra Yogi

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Item Analysis ◽

Document Analysis ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Difficulty Level ◽

Small Scale ◽

Test Items ◽

Discriminating Power ◽

Multiple Choice Items

This study is a small-scale study of item analysis of a teacher’s own-made summative test. It examines the quality of multiple-choice items in terms of the difficulty level, the discriminating power, and the effectiveness of distractors. The study employed a qualitative approach which also used a simple quantitative analysis to analyze the quality of the test items through the document analysis of the teacher’s English summative test and the students’ answer sheets. The result shows that the summative test has more easy items than difficult items with the ratio of 19:25:6 while they should be 1:2:1 for easy, medium, and difficult. In terms of the Discriminating Power, there are 3, 13, and 16 for excellent, Good, and satisfactory level, but there are 17 and 2 for poor and bad levels of Discriminating Power. There are 43 (21.5%) of all distractors which are dysfunctional which, in turns, makes the items too easy which also makes the items fail to discriminate the upper-group students from the lower ones. Therefore, the 43 dysfunctional distractors should be revised to alter the difficulty level and improve the discriminating power. This research is expected to serve as a reflective means for teachers to examine their own-made test to ensure the quality of their test items.

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Assessment of the pesticide use, practice and hazards on cotton growing farmers in the Awash Valley Ethiopia.

10.31220/agrirxiv.2021.00044 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

G. Sileshi ◽

A. Zemedkun ◽

S. Nurhussien

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Large Scale ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

School Level ◽

Protective Measure ◽

Small Scale ◽

Pesticide Use ◽

Cropping Season ◽

Empty Containers

Abstract Pesticides are commonly used in the prevention or control of pests such as insect pests, mites, disease, and weeds in crops to increase production and productivity. The aim of the current study was designed to assess the pesticide utilization, practice, pesticide-related knowledge, and perception of farmers and to evaluate the protective measure taken by the farmers. For this purpose, field surveys were carried in Amibara, Gewane, Assayita, and Fentale districts during the 2019 main crop cropping season. A total of 128 small-scale holder farmers, 25 large-scale holder farmers, 30 sprayers, and 12 extensions were interviewed closed and opened questioners. The results revealed that the majority of farmers (44.5%) between the age of 41 and 50 years old, while only fourteen those (9.4%) were more than 51 years old. Regarding the educational level of smallholder farmers, 49.2% were illiterates, 27.9% elementary school, 17.0% secondary school and 5.8% had completed high school. The majority of sprayers (66.7%) were elementary school level. The unsafe and indiscriminate use of pesticides in agriculture represents a major hazard to the environment and human health. All farmers (100%) acknowledged that pesticides were harmful to their health and the environment. Over 63.2% of the farmers did not read or follow pesticide label instructions, and 78.5% did not use any personal protective equipment during spray operation and formulation pesticides. When disposing of pesticide empty containers, respondents adopted unsafe practices such as through near irrigated canal, burning, dumping in the field, domestic use, and burying. Less than 50% of smallholder farmers obtained training on pesticide use 14.8%, application method 16.6%, disposal of empty container 13.3%, and storage and safety 10.2%. Results also demonstrated that all farmers showed poor practices regarding the disposal of empty pesticide containers. The present study revealed that the utilization and practices of pesticides in irrigated cotton-producing areas in the Awash Valley of Ethiopia. It also demonstrated the role of retailers, importers, and state extension workers in providing information and advice to the farmers. Future researches should focus on the merit and demerit of mixing two or more pesticides to control insect pests and on the evaluation of different pesticide resistance development against a variety of insect pests in cotton-growing areas.

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