scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF WHITE AND RED TABLE WINES ON THE BRAIN OF WISTER RATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
A. J. Kukoyi ◽  
T. A. Coker ◽  
K. A. Arowora ◽  
J. E. Ukperoro ◽  
M. A. Alabi ◽  
...  

The aim of this research was to investigate the possible effects of white and red table wine on the brain using Wister rats. Twenty-four (24) Wister rats weighing an average of 193g were purchased and identified at the zoological department of the University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. The rats were randomly assigned to four groups of six rats each. Red wine (12% alcoholic content), white wine (12% alcoholic content), ethanol+H2O (12%) and distilled water (control), were administered orally and respectively for 10 days. Administration was done using syringe and tourniquets to each rat according to the kg body weight (10ml/kg body weight). The rats were later sacrificed and subjected to biochemical and brain homogenate analysis. The results show that the plasma and brain homogenate of rats administered White wines were significantly lower (p<0.05) than control for Total Cholesterol determination. Similarly, the plasma and brain homogenate of rats administered White wine were significantly lower (p<0.05) than control for Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) determination. Meanwhile, other parameters like HDL-cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, Glutathione, Triglyceride, Total Protein, Uric acid and Creatinine were not significantly different from the control for plasma and homogenate analysis. In all, White wine was not found to express any trace of toxicity on the brain as opposed to Red wine. The study therefore shows that White wine are more healthy than red wines and as such when given an option between red and white, white wine should be preferred. Kukoyi, A. J. | Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Federal University Wukari, P.M.B. 1020, Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jeong Kang ◽  
Myoung Suk Shin ◽  
Jung Nan Park ◽  
Sang Sun Lee

Raising the dietary PUFA:saturated fatty acids (SFA) ratio has been recommended for the prevention of CVD. However, a high PUFA:SFA (P:S) ratio diet enhances oxidative stress because PUFA are highly susceptible to lipid peroxidation. Thus, we focused on the role of the dietary P:S ratio and peroxidisability index (PI) value on serum and liver tissue and investigated the effects of dietary P:S ratios (0·4, 1·0, and 4·8) with a fixed PI value (81) on serum lipid parameters and hepatic enzyme activities (experiment 1). To elucidate whether those phenomena were unique to the P:S ratio, we examined the effects of dietary PI values (36, 81, 126, and 217) with a constant P:S ratio (1·0) (experiment 2). Female Sprague–Dawley rats weighing 240–280 g were fed experimental diets for 4 weeks. When dietary PI value was maintained at 81, serum HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) increased with increasing dietary P:S ratio. When the P:S ratio was fixed at 1·0, HDL-C was the lowest with mid–low PI (MLPI) (PI value of 81). In both experiments, serum LDL-cholesterol:HDL-C ratio kept in the range of 0–2. The hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentrations were the highest in the lowest dietary P:S ratio group (experiment 1). GSH-Px, glutathione-S-transferase, and TBARS were the lowest in rats fed the MLPI diet (experiment 2). In conclusion, these results indicate that a P:S ratio of 1·0–1·5 and a PI value of 80–90 in the diet are within a favourable range to reduce the risk of CVD.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-210
Author(s):  
Maria Victória Branco Flores ◽  
Tuany Eichwald ◽  
Analú Mantovani ◽  
Viviane Glaser ◽  
Carine Raquel Richter Schimitz ◽  
...  

O Manganês (Mn) é um metal essencial para o organismo. É distribuído no ambiente e utilizado em processos industriais. Apesar de essencial, é neurotóxico à exposições cumulativas, causando uma desordem neurológica, o Manganismo. O estudo avaliou o efeito da administração subaguda de Mn sob a forma de cloreto e acetato de Mn, sobre a função mitocondrial e parâmetros oxidativos no encéfalo, bem como o acúmulo deste metal no encéfalo e tecidos periféricos de ratos adultos. Os ratos receberam 6 mg/kg de Mn i.p. na forma de cloreto ou acetato de Mn, 5 dias/semana por 4 semanas. O grupo controle recebeu solução salina 0,9% pela mesma via de administração e mesmo período. Foi mensurada a concentração de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) e grupamentos NPSH, a atividade dos complexos I e II da cadeia respiratória no encéfalo e/ou estruturas cerebrais, bem como o peso corporal e a concentração de Mn e Fe no soro, encéfalo, tecido renal e hepático. Foi observada uma diminuição no ganho de peso corporal dos animais que receberam o Mn, um aumento na concentração/depósito de Mn no soro, encéfalo e tecido renal, tanto na forma de cloreto e acetato de Mn, quando comparados com o grupo controle. Além disso, houve um aumento significativo no conteúdo de NPSH no encéfalo e, embora não significativo, uma tendência de aumento da concentração de TBARS, no grupo que recebeu cloreto de Mn. Ainda, foi verificada uma inibição na atividade do complexo I no estriado dos animais expostos ao cloreto de Mn. Não houve diferença entre os grupos nas atividades do complexo I e II no encéfalo e hipocampo. Em conjunto, os dados indicam que a exposição ao Mn em baixas doses contribui para o desenvolvimento de estresse oxidativo e disfunção mitocondrial no SNC, com aparente predileção de dano ao estriado.Palavras-chave: Manganês. Exposição subaguda. Parâmetros oxidativos. Função mitocondrial. MANGANESE SUBACUTE INTOXICATION IN ADULT WISTAR RATS: EVALUATION OF OXIDATIVE PARAMETERS IN CNS AND METAL DEPOSITION IN DIFFERENT TISSUES ABSTRACT: Mn is an essential metal to the organism. It is distributed in the environment and used in industrial processes. Although essential, it is neurotoxic to cumulative exposures, and can cause a neurological disorder, called Manganism. This study evaluated the effect of subacute Mn as chloride and acetate of Mn administration on mitochondrial function and oxidative parameters in adult rat brain, as well as the accumulation of this metal in the brain and peripheral tissues. The rats received 6 mg/kg of Mn i.p., as Mn chloride or Mn acetate, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. The control group received 0.9% of saline solution in the same way of administration and in the same period. It was measured the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and NPSH groups, the activity of mitochondrial complex I and II in brain and/or in the brain structures, as well as the body weight and the concentration of Mn and Fe accumulation. It was observed a decrease on body weight gain in animals exposed to Mn and an increase of concentration/deposit of Mn in serum, brain and kidney, in the both Mn chloride and acetate form when compared to the control group. In addition, there was a significant increase in brain NPSH content and, although it was not significant, a trend of increasing on TBARS concentration in the group that received Mn. Besides that, a significant inhibition of complex I activity was observed in the striatum of the animals exposed to Mn. There was not difference between groups on complex I and II in the brain and hippocampus. Together, these data indicate that exposure to Mn at low doses contributes to the development of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the CNS, with apparent predilection of striatum damage.Keywords: Manganese. Subacute exposure. Oxidative parameters. Mitochondrial function.


2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
María J. M. Alférez ◽  
Javier Díaz-Castro ◽  
Inmaculada López-Aliaga ◽  
María Rodríguez-Ferrer ◽  
Luis Javier Pérez-Sánchez ◽  
...  

Despite Fe deficiency having been widely studied, the sequence of events in its development still remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effects of nutritional Fe-deficiency development on haematological parameters, Fe bioavailability and the enzymes involved in oxidative defence in recently weaned male Wistar albino rats. Control (C) and Fe-deficient (ID) groups were fed the AIN-93 G diet with a normal Fe level (45 mg/kg diet) or with a low Fe level (5 mg/kg diet), respectively, for 20, 30 or 40 d. At day 20 serum Fe, serum ferritin and the saturation of transferrin decreased drastically, decreasing further in the course of Fe-deficiency development for the saturation of transferrin. The development of Fe deficiency did not affect plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance production, or catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in erythrocyte cytosol. Fe deficiency diminished hepatic Fe content and CAT and GPx activities in hepatic cytosol only at day the 20. However, in spite of the minor Fe deposits in the brain of ID rats, the CAT and GPx activities in the brain cytosolic fraction did not differ in any of the studied periods v. control rats. These results show that brain is a tissue that does not seem to depend on Fe levels for the maintenance of antioxidant defence mechanisms in the course of nutritional Fe deficiency.


2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rakonczás

Eurasian and interspecific grape varieties and candidates were inspected for biological productivity in the variety collection of the University of Debrecen at the Horticultural Experimental Station in Pallag. In this paper, data are reported on yields (kg/stock), cane production (kg/ stock) and use-up index of wood yield of each cultivar in the experimental years 2011-2012. From the range of Eurasian (Vitis vinifera L.) white wine-grape qualified cultivars and candidates ’Ezerfürtû’, ’Generosa’, ’Jubileum 75’, ’Müller Thurgau’, ’Zöld veltelíni’,’B-11’, ’CSFT-92’, ’Pintes’, from the range of Eurasian (Vitis vinifera L.) red wine-grape qualified cultivars and candidates ’Kármin’, ’Pinot noir’, ’Alicante Bouschet’ and ’Rubintos’ were highlighted. Promising data of interspecific ’Aletta’, ’Csillám’, ’Kunleány’, ’Orpheus’, ’Refrén’, ’Taurus’, ’Viktória gyöngye’, ’Alföld 100’, ’Reform’, ’RF38/32’, ’Toldi’ white, and ’Dunagyöngye’ ’Pannon frankos’ red wine-grape cultivars and candidates were emphasized. Published data refer only to the biological performance of the cultivars. The thorough evaluation of varieties needs respect to data on resistance to fungal disease and climatic extremities, and other characteristics concerning production technology and oenological parameters.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 288-293
Author(s):  
Harmel Singh Chahal ◽  
Shailendra Sharma

The aim of the study is protective effect of compound Eclipta alba and Ocimum sanctum on Parkinsonism induced mice by haloperidol injection. Parkinsonism is neurodegenerative disease due to the deficiency of dopamine in brain. The pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease in the cell loss within substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region and the disease is charactrised by bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability, orofacial dyskinesia, muscular stiffness and tremor1. Mice were injected 1mg/kg haloperidol and then treated with test and standard substance for 15 days. The impairment in catatonia in mice were tested using catatonic activity. Biochemical analysis of brain homogenate was performed so ass to assess brain Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) level and reduced glutathione (GSH) and TNF-α level were measured to assess total oxidative stress. EA 300mg/kg and OS 400mg/kg show slightly change in catatonic activity in mice while EA 600mg/kg and 800mg/kg significantly change in catatonic activity. Furthermore, Eclipta alba and Ocimum sanctum prevent the haloperidol induced changes in the level of brain TBARS, GSH and TNF-α. From the results we conclude that Eclipta alba and Ocimum sanctum has protective action against impairment in catatonic activity and pathological damage due to oxidative stress induced by intraperitoneally injection of haloperidol in mice.        Keywords: Eclipta alba, Ocimum Sanctum, Parkinsonism, Anti-oxidant.


2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (04) ◽  
pp. 487-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Ju Cho ◽  
Takako Yokozawa ◽  
Hyun Young Kim ◽  
Naotoshi Shibahara ◽  
Jong Cheol Park

The effects of Rosa rugosa on diabetic oxidative stress were investigated using rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. The diabetic rats showed less body weight gain and heavier kidney and liver weights than normal rats, while the oral administration of Rosa rugosa at a dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight/day for 20 days attenuated the physiological changes induced by diabetes. In addition, administrating Rosa rugosa to diabetic rats resulted in significant and dose-dependent decreases in the serum glucose and glycosylated protein levels, implying that Rosa rugosa improves the abnormal glucose metabolism that leads to oxidative stress. Diabetic rats had higher serum levels of superoxide and nitrite/nitrate. However, the administration of Rosa rugosa dose-dependently reduced the over-production of radicals associated with diabetes, suggesting Rosa rugosa is a radical scavenger that would play a crucial role in protecting against diabetic oxidative stress. Rosa rugosa significantly and dose-dependently reduced thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels in serum, hepatic and renal mitochondria, implying that Rosa rugosa would alleviate the oxidative stress associated with diabetes by inhibiting lipid peroxidation. This study provides evidence that Rosa rugosa has potential as a treatment for diabetes through attenuating oxidative stress induced by the diabetic condition


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
Kunjumon Dayana ◽  
Megaravalli R. Manasa

Lipid peroxidation generates free radicals. These free radicals are scavenged by antioxidant defense mechanisms. An imbalance between the free radicals generation and antioxidant mechanisms can result in tissue damage. Several drugs are known to induce lipid peroxidation which can be responsible for their toxic potential. Hence the current study was planned to assess the effect of ceftriaxone, a third generation cephalosporin, on lipid peroxidation and levels of antioxidants in albino mice. Ceftriaxone was injected intraperitoneally at two doses - 100 mg/kg body weight; 200 mg/kg body weight – to albino mice. TBARS (Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) levels in plasma, erythrocytes as well as tissue and the antioxidant enzymes activities were estimated. The data from ceftriaxone groups was analyzed with control group using ANOVA and Dunnett’s test as post hoc. Ceftriaxone (100 mg/kg body weight) did not alter TBARS levels compared to control. Ceftriaxone - 200 mg/kg body weight, has significantly increased TBARS levels. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly decreased by ceftriaxone at these doses. The present study demonstrates that ceftriaxone has the potential for lipid peroxidation induction and reduction in the antioxidant enzymes acitivities in albino mice.


Author(s):  
Srinivasagam Sankar ◽  
Thamilarasan Manivasagam ◽  
Arumugam Krishnamurti ◽  
Manickam Ramanathan

AbstractWe studied the influence of Withania somnifera (Ws) root extract (100 mg/kg body weight) on parkinsonism induced by 1-methyl 4-phenyl 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP; i.p, 20 mg/kg body weight for 4 days), via the analysis of behavioral features and the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in the midbrain of mice. A significant alteration in behavior, increased levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), and increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were noticed in this region of brain in MPTP-treated mice. Oral treatment with the root extract resulted in a significant improvement in the mice’s behavoiur and antioxidant status, along with a significant reduction in the level of lipid peroxidation. The results indicated that at least part of the chronic stress-induced pathology may be due to oxidative stress, which is mitigated by Ws. Further studies are needed to assess the precise mechanism to support the clinical use of the plant as an antiparkinsonic drug.


1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (4) ◽  
pp. H1418-H1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ohtsuki ◽  
M. Matsumoto ◽  
K. Suzuki ◽  
N. Taniguchi ◽  
T. Kamada

Mitochondrial respiratory chains leak a large amount of superoxide anion radicals, which chain react with membrane phospholipid to develop lipid peroxidation. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is then inducible and catalyzes superoxide detoxification within mitochondria. We examined mitochondrial thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance, an end product of lipid peroxidation, and MnSOD concentration in hypertensive target organs of spontaneously hypertensive and deoxycorticosterone acetate salts-induced hypertensive rats. Normotensive rats showed significant increases in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance and MnSOD in the brain as they matured. Mature spontaneously hypertensive and induced hypertensive rats showed a marked elevation of lipid peroxidation but no increase in superoxide dismutase in the brain. The heart and kidney presented no significant difference of lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase among strains, ages, and treatments. Abnormal mitochondrial metabolism of oxygen radicals was observed selectively in the brain during hypertension and may contribute to mitochondrial injury and lead to neuronal degeneration or susceptibility to brain ischemia in mature hypertensive rats.


2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian E. Imafidon ◽  
Rufus O. Akomolafe ◽  
Sanusi A. Abubakar ◽  
Oluwadare J. Ogundipe ◽  
Olaoluwa S. Olukiran ◽  
...  

AIM: To determine the effects of polyphenol-rich extract of the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina (PEVA) in rats with Cd-induced nephropathy.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups as follows; Group 1 received distilled water throughout the period of study. Group 2 received 5 mg/kg body weight of cadmium (Cd), in the form of CdSO4, for five consecutive days via intraperitoneal route. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were pretreated with Cd as group 2 and thereafter received oral treatment of PEVA for 4 weeks at 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight, respectively.RESULTS: Exposure to Cd toxicity significantly induced deleterious alterations in plasma and urine levels of creatinine, urea and glucose as well as creatinine and urea clearance (p < 0.05) in the rat model. There was a significant disturbance in the antioxidant system as revealed by the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) (p < 0.05) in the kidney tissue of the rats. With marked improvements in renal histoarchitecture, PEVA treatment showed a duration and non dose-dependent ameliorative potential. CONCLUSION: PEVA treatment reversed the compromise of renal function that was induced by Cd toxicity in rat model.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document