scholarly journals ACTIVITY LARVICIDE OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM BLUME

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Barros GOMES ◽  
Dayara Pereira SANTOS ◽  
Victor Elias Mouchrek FILHO ◽  
Leandra Sofia dos Santos MENDES ◽  
Maria Alves FONTENELE
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Oil Density

The genus Cinnamomum (Lauraceae) consists of approximately 350 species, many of which are essential oil producers, with the most frequently used parts of the plants being dehydrated bark. Therefore, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, known popularly as cinnamon, has the following biological properties: analgesic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, astringent, insecticidal, antifungal and antimicrobial. Thus, this work evaluates the physicochemical properties and larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti of the essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume leaves that are found in the Municipality of São Luís, Maranhão. The essential oil was quantitatively extracted by hydrodistillation. The physicochemical properties of the essential oil (density, refractive index, solubility, color, and appearance) were determined. The oil was characterized analytically by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and the CL50 of the oil was calculated from the Reed-Muench Pizzi methods, respectively. The yield of the oil was 4.33% of mass per volume, which allowed the identification of 4 components, being the major presence of eugenol that soon was confirmed by the spectroscopic techniques. The essential oil obtained CL50 of 56.49 mg∙L-1. In the identification of the major component and the other components, as well as their quantifications, the techniques were precise and the methods efficient, providing a good analytical performance in the determinations.

scholarly journals Minerals, Essential Oils, and Biological Properties of Melissa officinalis L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1066
Author(s):  
Fahima Abdellatif ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Samir Begaa ◽  
Mohammed Messaoudi ◽  
Adel Benarfa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Total Oil

This study describes the minerals elements, chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. The essential oil (EO) was extracted by hydrodistillation (HD) using a Clevenger-type apparatus of dry leaves of M. officinalis and was analyzed by two techniques, gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Eighteen minerals comprising both macro- and microelements (As, Br, K, La, Na, Sb, Sm, Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Rb, Sc, Th, and Zn) were determined using neutron activation analysis technique for the first time from Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. Seventy-eight compounds were identified in the essential oil, representing 94.090% of the total oil and the yields were 0.470%. The major component was geranial (45.060%). Other predominant components were neral (31.720%) and citronellal (6.420%). The essential oil presented high antimicrobial activity against microorganisms, mainly five human pathogenic bacteria, one yeast, Candida albicans, and two phytopathogenic fungi. The results can be used as a source of information for the pharmaceutical industry and medical research.

scholarly journals Constituents of Essential Oils from the Leaf and Flower of Plumeria alba Grown in Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladipupo A. Lawal ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Andy R. Opoku
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
The Other ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
First Report ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Phenyl Acetaldehyde

This paper reports on the compounds identified in the leaf and flower essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of Plumeria alba L. (Apocynaceae) grown in Nigeria. The chemical analysis of the essential oils was achieved by means of gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Linalool (13.2%), n-nonanal (9.6%), phenyl acetaldehyde (8.5%), neryl acetone (5.3%) and n-decanal (5.1%) were the main constituents of the leaf oil. On the other hand, the flower oil comprised mainly of limonene (9.1%), linalool (7.9%), α-cedrene (8.0%), caryophyllene oxide (7.9%) and ( E, E)-α-farnesene (6.6%). This is the first report on the essential oil constituents of P. alba.

Critical Review of Methods for Analysis of Oleoresins

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-521
Author(s):  
William H Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Optical Rotation ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Component ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Instrumental Methods

Abstract Oleoresins represent a type of flavoring material that is being used in ever increasing quantities. On the other hand, it is a poorly defined group of products, and the majority of analytical methods used in characterizing them, such as volatile oil by steam distillation, refractive index, optical rotation, are relatively meaningless; additionally, some of the specific component analyses, such as “heat” and capsicum (organoleptic), piperine (calculated from analysis of nitrogen) in pepper, curciimin (color value) of the paprika, are inadequate in their precision and accuracy. Deficiencies of these methods are discussed, and the value of newer instrumental methods of analyses, such as infrared, visible, and ultraviolet spectrometry, gas chromatography, and thinlayer chromatography, are illustrated.

scholarly journals Physicochemical properties, toxicity and larvicidal activity of the essential oil of Cymbopogon winterianus in front of Aedes aegypti

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e39
Author(s):  
Gabriela Morais da Costa ◽  
Maria Conceição Carneiro dos Santos ◽  
Gustavo Oliveira Everton ◽  
Paulina De Cássia Duarte de Sousa ◽  
Maurício Eduardo Salgado Rangel
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Toxicity Effect ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Cymbopogon Winterianus ◽  
Current Context

Due to the increasing rate of morbidity and mortality caused by vector diseases in the current context, especially by Aedes aegypti, substances of plants have been studied as alternatives to chemical insecticides, among them, the essential oil (EO) of the species Cymbopogon winterianus. Thus, this study evaluated the larvicidal activity of the EO of C. winterianus against the A. aegypti larvae. EO was extracted through the hydro-distillation technique and physicochemical properties were determined. To evaluate larvicidal activity, tests were performed with larvae in the third instar at the final concentrations of 19.54; 26.50; 55.59; 138.98; 208.47 and 277.97 mg L-1 of C. winterianus EO. In addition, Artemia salina Leach bioassay was used to verify toxicity effect. EO obtained presented satisfactory results  in 2.64%. In the larvicidal assay, 100% mortality of larvae was observed after 24 hours at concentrations of 208.47 mg L-1 and 277.97 mg L-1 of the EO, showed effective in the other concentrations and with LC50 of 46.18 mg L-1, considered highly active. In the toxicity assay, the EO presented LC50 at 532.34 mg L-1, showed considered nontoxic. These results reinforce the use of EO front A. aegypt larvae control. 

PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF AMOMUM XANTHIOIDES FROM A LUOI - THUA THIEN HUE

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Le Nguyen Ngoc ◽  
Tan Nguyen Thi ◽  
Minh Tran Nhat ◽  
Duc Ho Viet ◽  
Hoai Nguyen Thi
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Saponification Value

Background: Amomum xanthiodes has been popularly used in traditional medicine. However, the knowledge about essential oil of A. xanthiodes from A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province (Viet Nam) is rather poor. In this study, we determined the physicochemical properties and chemical composition of seed essential oil of this species to provide scientific basis, clarify practical value, contribute to the development and conservation of precious medicine resources. Materials and method: Fruits of A. xanthiodes were collected from A Luoi - Thua Thien Hue in June 2017. The seed essential oil was extracted by using the hydrodistillation method. Its physicochemical properties were determined including density, refractive index, acid value, saponification value, ester value, and iod value. This oil was then analysed by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results: The yield obtained from the hydrodistillation procedures was 1.66% (v/w) calculated on a dry weight basis. Density (at 20oC) was 0.911, refractive index (at 20oC) was 1.4734, acid value was 12.74, saponification value was 110.97, ester value was 98,23, and iod value was 24.89. A total of 15 compounds were found in seed essential oil which belonged to monoterpenes and their derivatives. This oil comprised mainly of bornyl acetate (27.26%), camphor (23.73%), endo-borneol (13.78%), camphene (11.62%), D-limonene (10.96%), and β-myrcene (6.17%). Conclusion: the physicochemical properties and chemical composition of the essential oil of Amomum xanthioides from A Luoi – Thua Thien Hue have been determined. Key words: Amomum xanthiodes, essential oil, physicochemical properties, GC/MS, bornyl acetate, camphor

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions of Commercial Essential Oils From Coriandrum sativum Fruits and Aerial Parts

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2093306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabodh Satyal ◽  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Aerial Parts

Coriander and cilantro, the fruit and herb of Coriandrum sativum, are popular additives in various cuisines worldwide. The essential oils derived from coriander and cilantro are also popular and have shown some remarkable biological properties and health benefits. In this report, we have analyzed the essential oil compositions of 19 commercial coriander and 28 commercial cilantro essential oil samples by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) techniques. In addition, 5 coriander and 4 cilantro commercial essential oil samples were analyzed by chiral GC–MS. Commercial coriander essential oil is dominated by linalool (62.2%-76.7%) with lesser quantities of α-pinene (0.3%-11.4%), γ-terpinene (0.6%-11.6%), and camphor (0.0%-5.5%). Commercial cilantro essential oil is composed largely of (2 E)-decenal (16.0%-46.6%), linalool (11.8%-29.8%), (2 E)-decen-1-ol (0.0%-24.7%), decanal (5.2%-18.7%), (2 E)-dodecenal (4.1%-8.7%), and 1-decanol (0.0%-9.5%). The enantiomeric distribution of linalool was 87% (+)-linalool:13% (−)-linalool in both coriander and cilantro essential oils, while α-pinene was 93% (+):7% (−) in coriander, 90% (+):10% (−) in cilantro; and (+)-camphor:(−)-camphor was 13%:87% in both essential oils. Chiral GC–MS analysis was able to detect an adulterated coriander essential oil sample. The data provided in this study serves to establish a baseline for future evaluations of these essential oils as well as a screen for authenticity or adulteration.

scholarly journals ACTIVITY LARVICIDE OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM (CARNIVAL-OF-INDIA) IN FRONT OF THE MOSQUITO AEDES AEGYPTI (LINNAEUS, 1762)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (29) ◽  
pp. 184-195
Author(s):  
P. R. B. GOMES ◽  
R. W. S. De OLIVEIRA ◽  
V. E. MOUCHREK FILHO ◽  
A. A. Do NASCIMENTO ◽  
A. P. EVERTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Eugenyl Acetate ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Oil Density ◽  
Main Component

Dengue, zika virus and chicungunya are diseases transmitted by the bite of the female mosquito Aedes aegypti Linn. Because of this, these diseases pose a public health problem, especially in tropical countries. To date, there are no specific vaccines that act against the different serotypes of the disease. In this way, the measures adopted to combat it are restricted in the control of the mosquito. This is done using larvicide chemicals and insecticides, whose main component are organophosphorus, such as Temephos and pyrethroids. However, frequent use of these products has brought over the years some disadvantages: mosquito resistance, water contamination and attack on non-target living beings. Therefore, this work evaluated the larvicidal potential of the flower buds of the Syzygium aromaticum species against larvae in the third stage of the Aedes aegypti mosquito (Linnaeus, 1762). For this, the essential oil was quantitated by hydrodistillation. The physicochemical properties of the essential oil (density, refractive index, solubility, color and appearance) were determined. In addition, the oil was characterized chemically, quantifying its components and identifying its major component by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The oil LC50 was calculated, in addition to the confidence limit at 95% probability, from the methods of Reed-Muench (1938) and Pizzi (1950), respectively. The yield of oil was 3.54% m / m and 3.63% v / m. Using the method used, it was possible to identify and quantify eugenol (52.53%), caryophyllene (37.25%), humulene (4.11%), eugenyl acetate (4.05%) and copaene %), With eugenol being the major component of the oil. The oil exhibited larvicidal activity being totally lethal at a concentration of 120 μg/mL.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Daya dan Waktu Terhadap Yield Hasil Ekstraksi Minyak Daun Spearmint Menggunakan Metode Microwave Assisted Extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fitria Yulistiani ◽  
Rizka Khairiyyah Azzahra ◽  
Yulinda Alhay Nurhafshah
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction

Salah satu jenis tanaman mint yang memiliki kandungan minyak atsiri adalah jenis spearmint dengan kandungan carvone sebanyak 60 – 70%. Kandungan tersebut menyebabkan minyak atsiri daun mint memiliki sifat antioksidan, antifungal, dan antibakteri. Proses pengambilan minyak atsiri dengan metode tradisional seperti distilasi uap membutuhkan waktu dan energi yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan metode Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh daya microwave (100, 180, dan 300 Watt) dan waktu ekstraksi (5, 10, 15 dan 20 menit) menggunakan metode MAE terhadap yield minyak daun mint. Selain itu, dilakukan karakterisasi sifat fisik yang ditentukan dari warna, indeks bias, densitas, dan komponen penyusun minyak daun mint. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya dan waktu mempengaruhi yield yang dihasilkan. Variasi daya dan waktu terbaik dari hasil penelitian (daya 180 Watt dan waktu 15 menit) menghasilkan yield sebesar 5,17%. Minyak mint yang dihasilkan memiliki warna kuning muda, indeks bias 1,362, dan densitas sebesar 0,8758 gram/mL. Hasil analisis dengan Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) menunjukkan bahwa komponen terbesar penyusun produk minyak mint hasil penelitian ini adalah carvone sebanyak 71%.Spearmint is one type of mint that contains essential oil with carvone (60-70%) as its main component. That component causes mint’s essential oil has antioxidant, antifungal and antibacteria properties. The traditional method to produce essential oil like steam distillation has long and energy consuming processes. The aims of this research were to investigate the influence of microwave power level (100, 180 and 300 Watt) and the extraction time (5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes) used Microwave Assisted Extraction to mint oil’s yield. Furthermore, characterization determined by oil’s colour, refractive index and density. The analysis of chemical component of mint oil was done using Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The power level of microwave and extraction time influence to mint oil’s yield is proven in this research. The highest yield (5.17%) is generated at best variation of power and extraction time from the research are at 180 Watt and 15 minutes extraction time. The colour of mint oil is light yellow, refractive index value is 1.362 and density is 0.8758 gram/mL. The result of GC-MS showed that the major component of mint oil is 71% carvone.

scholarly journals Application Mass Spectrum Method in Determination Compound Bioactive of The Essential Oil from Leaves and Stems of Clove (Syzigium aromaticum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Akhmad Rifai ◽  
Nur Amin Riyadi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Mass Spectrum ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
South Sulawesi

The essential oil from leaves and stems of clove (Syzigium Aromaticum) growing in Siwa (South Sulawesi, Indonesia), was obtained by hydrodistillation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify the constituent of the sample. There were five most compounds bioactive contained in the clove oil of the leaves and stems, namely eugenol, b-caryophyllene, 1,4,7- cycloundecatriene-1,5,9,9 tetramethyl, caryophyllene oxide, and cadinene. The eugenol compound, which is contained in the stems is 55.83% bigger than the leaves, which is 45.3%. But on the contrary, other compounds in the leaves are b-caryophyllene (25.57%), 1,4,7- cycloundecatriene-1,5,9,9 tetramethyl (8.65%), caryophyllene oxide (4.64%) and cadinene (2.31%) greater than the other compounds in the stems, namely b-caryophyllene (19.72%), 1,4,7- cycloundecatriene-1,5,9,9 tetramethyl (4.38%), caryophyllene oxide (3.48%) and cadinene (0.5%). Eugenol is the major constituent of the clove oil that can be used in pharmacology as antivirus, antimicrobial, antiseptic, and industry of perfume.

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