Study of Antiulcer activity of a hydrogel based on chitosan

2021 ◽  
pp. 4101-4106
Author(s):  
Anna Buzlama ◽  
Solaiman Doba ◽  
Sali Daghir ◽  
Karpova Evgenija Leonidovna ◽  
Ghadee Balloul
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gastric Tube ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Single Oral Administration ◽  
Nsaid Gastropathy

In this study, the antiulcer activity of a gel based on high-viscosity chitosan was studied in models of NSAID and ethanol-induced ulcerogenesis. To simulate damage to the gastric mucosa in the NSAID model, diclofenac sodium was administered to experimental animals at a dose of 50mg/kg. An antiseptic intestinal and astringent agent was chosen as reference drug: bismuth tripotassium dicitrate at a dose of 0.017g/kg. The studied gel was used in 3 doses (0.08, 0.16 and 0.24ml/100g of body weight). In ethanol model, ulcers were induced by a single administration of ethanol 96% at a dose of 5ml/kg. Omeprazole at a dose of 20mg/kg was used as reference drug in this model. Chitosan-based gel was administrated in this model at a dose of 0.16ml per 100g of animals, which corresponds to the minimum available dose with antiulcer activity in the NSAID model. All investigated substances were injected intragastrically using a gastric tube. As a result of this research, it was found that the chitosan-based gel is effective in the NSAID gastropathy model but not effective in the ethanol model. In the NSAID gastropathy model, after a single oral administration of chitosan-based gel at doses of 0.16 and 0.24ml/ 100g, sufficient antiulcer activity was revealed, which was 2.4 and 4.694, respectively, and exceeded the effect of the reference drug, bismuth tripotassium dicitrate. In the ethanol model, the results of experimental studies showed that the reference drug, omeprazole, provides antiulcer activity with a calculated value of the antiulcer activity index of 2.18. After the administration of a chitosan-based gel at a dose of 0.16 ml per 100g of body weight of animals, compared with the control, the calculated value of antiulcer activity was 1.18, which characterizes the absence of an antiulcer effect.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic and antiulcerative potential of Garcinia lanceifolia Roxb. bark

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilutpal Sharma Bora ◽  
Partha Sarathi Bairy ◽  
Abdus Salam ◽  
Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Background Garcinia lanceifolia Roxb. has been used by many ethnic communities of Northeast India to mitigate various disorders like dyspepsia, ulcers, diabetes, etc. However, a robust scientific study on its antidiabetic and antiulcer potential is unavailable till date. The aim of this present study is to scientifically validate if the antidiabetic and antiulcer effects reported by the ethnic tribes of Assam has any scientific value or not. The effects were tested in adult Wistar albino rats using approved animal models for preclinical testing of pharmacological activities. Results The hydroalcoholic extract of the bark of Garcinia lanceifolia Roxb. was prepared and its LD50 was calculated. The LD50 was determined to be greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. The extract at doses of 250 mg/kg body weight and 500 mg/kg body weight was found to exhibit a very potent dose-dependent antidiabetic activity. The results were backed by a battery of test including analysis of serum levels of blood glucose, lipid profiles, in vivo antioxidant enzymes, and histopathological studies. Evidence of dose-dependent antiulcer activity of the extract was backed by robust scientific data. It was found that HAEGL induced a significant dose-dependent increase in the ulcer index in both alcohol-induced and acetic acid-induced ulcer models, which was evident from the macroscopic observation of the inner lining of the gastric mucosa and the histological evaluation of the extracted stomach. Conclusion The results suggested that the bark of Garcinia lanceifolia (Roxb.) has significant antidiabetic and antiulcer potential. Further studies with respect to the development herbal dosage forms and its safety evaluation are required.

scholarly journals ROLE OF ANTIOXIDANT AND MYELOPEROXIDASE LEVELS IN 7, 12-DIMETHYLBENZ [A] ANTHRACENE INDUCED EXPERIMENTAL RAT MODEL: EVIDENCE FOR OXIDATIVE DAMAGE IN ACTIVE ULCERATIVE COLITIS.

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
P. Geetha ◽  
B. Lakshman Kumar ◽  
U. Indra ◽  
B. Pavithra Sheetal
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
The Body ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Significant Change

Objective: Ulcerative colitis known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) of unknown etiology. We examined the antioxidant and myeloperoxidase status in a murine model of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced colitis to elucidate the exact mechanism behind the inflammation.Methods: Male Wistar rats were exposed to ulcerative colitis using various concentration of DMBA (7,12-Dimethylbenz[A]anthracene) were periodically analysed on 4th, 8th, 12th, 24th and 32nd week from the date of induction. To determine the disease activity index changes in body weight, food consumption, the presence of gross blood in stool and consistency of feces and diarrhea were observed. Macroscopic characters were elucidated based on clinical features of the colon and rectum using scoring pattern. Tissue inflammation status was noted through myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. The antioxidant status in tissue samples was analysed by superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total reduced glutathione (GSH).Results: Gavage intubation of DMBA induced colitis showed significant changes from 4th week and severity on 32nd week. The body weight was gradually reduced. Macroscopic scoring showed severe scoring pattern the inflammation was significantly heavier by week 4; and by the end of 32 w, inflammation in rats was double that of the controls, tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity showed the steady increase of neutrophil infiltration and inflammation rate every week. A significant change was noted in tissue antioxidant status and it showed the oxidation level. Statistically, significant change was recorded from 4th week till 32nd week.Conclusion: The conventional biochemical changes in colitis induced animal model revealed the association between the oxidative stress and ulcerative colitis.

scholarly journals IFLUENCE OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT FROM FEIJOA LEAVES ON THYROID FUNCTION IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL HYPOTHYROIDISM

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Alevtyna Kononenko ◽  
Vera Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Thyroid Mass ◽  
Serum Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Levels

The present work studied the effect of aqueous extract from Feijoa leaves on thyroid function of rats with experimental hypothyroidism. Healthy albino rats weighing between 120 gand 150 gwere used. The animals were randomly allotted into four groups, each containing eight rats respectively. Three of the groups (II, III and IV), induced with hypothyroidism, were treated by 0.05 % solution of thiamazole with drinking water for 30 days. Control (vehicle) rats were given normal saline. After 13 days hypothyroid groups (III and IV) of rats were treated with aqueous extract from Feijoa leaves at a dose 1.0 ml/100 g of body weight and with Iodomarin 200 (reference drug) at a dose 12 µg/kg daily orally for 21 days. Results obtained from the study showed that the introduction of thiamazole leads to functional changes in the thyroid gland in rats, accompanied by decreasing sings of rectal temperature and level of thyroid hormones. It was found, that treatment with AEFL normalizes serum thyroid hormone levels, increases rectal temperature and reduces the thyroid mass. The investigated extract can be attributed to the regulators of the thyroid hypofunction and is promising for further study of its effectiveness as a thyroid-stimulating agent.

scholarly journals The Hypoglycaemic, Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidative Effects of Anacardium Occidentale Methanolic Nut Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Folasade O. AJAO ◽  
Michael A. Olamoyegun ◽  
Marcus O. Iyedupe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Antioxidative Effects ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Background: This research work investigated the antidiabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and antioxidative effects of Anacardium occidentale methanolic nut extract in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Methods: Forty (40) Wistar rats weighing 250±30g were randomly divided into five groups of 8 rats each. Group 1 served as the control; Group 2-5 were induced with diabetes with a single dose of 50mg/kg bw of streptozotocin intraperitoneally. After diabetes induction, Group 2 served as the STZ-only group, Groups 3 and 4 were administered 100mg/kg bw and 200mg/kg bw p.o Anacardium occidentale nut extract, respectively, while Group 5 was administered 2mg/kg bw of glimepiride as a reference drug for a period of 4 weeks. Food and water intake were monitored daily, body weight, and blood glucose levels weekly throughout the experiment. On day 29, the animals were sacrificed, and blood samples were collected through cardiac puncture for biochemical studies. Results: Administration of the nut extract significantly (p<0.05) increased the food intake and body weight of diabetic treated rats, fasting blood glucose level and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) decreased significantly (p<0.05) in treated rats. On lipid profile, administration of nut extract significantly decreased (p<0.05) triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and very-low-density lipoprotein concentrations while it significantly increases (p<0.05) the high-density lipoprotein. Anacardium occidentale nut extract caused significantly (p<0.05) increases in SOD, GPx, GSH, and CAT levels with a decrease MDA level in diabetic treated rats. Markers of liver and kidney functions were also improved in diabetic treated rats.Conclusion: Treatment with Anacardium occidentale methanolic nut extract has hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and hepato-protective effects in diabetic rats. It also alleviates oxidative stress activity and restoration of markers of kidney function, and may be useful as alternative therapy in the management of diabetes and its related complications.

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity, Phytochemical Screening, Analgesic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Aqueous and Methanol Root Extracts of Maerua triphylla A. Rich. (Capparaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Brian Muyukani Wangusi ◽  
Laetitia Wakonyu Kanja ◽  
Isaac Mpapuluu Ole-Mapenay ◽  
Jared Misonge Onyancha
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Aqueous Root Extract

Maerua triphylla root extracts are used by Maasai and Kikuyu communities in Kenya to manage headaches, stomachaches, migraines, and rheumatism. However, scientific data on their safety and efficacy are limited. The current study aims to investigate the safety, phytochemical constituents, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities of M. triphylla root extracts. Aqueous and methanol M. triphylla root extracts were prepared by cold maceration, and the extracts’ safety was evaluated using Wistar rats according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2008) guidelines. Standard qualitative phytochemical screening methods were used for the detection of various phytochemical groups in the extracts. Analgesic activity assay in Swiss albino mice was done using the acetic acid-induced writhing test, while anti-inflammatory activity was determined in Wistar rats using the acetic acid-induced paw edema method. The methanol and aqueous extracts revealed LD50 > 2000 mg/kg bw, classifying them as nontoxic. The presence of cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols was observed in both extracts. However, saponins were only present in the methanol extract. In the analgesic study, mice that received 100 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw of aqueous root extract of M. triphylla had significantly lower acetic acid-induced writhing than mice that received acetylsalicylic acid 75 mg (reference drug) ( p < 0.05 ). Additionally, mice that received 500 mg/kg bw of methanol root extract of M. triphylla had significantly lower acetic acid-induced writhing than mice that received the acetylsalicylic acid 75 mg ( p < 0.05 ). In the anti-inflammatory study, there was no significant difference ( p < 0.05 ) between the inhibitory activity of different doses of the aqueous root extract of M. triphylla and a 50 mg/kg dose of diclofenac sodium (reference drug) on acetic acid-induced paw edema in rats. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the inhibitory activity of 100 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw doses of the methanol root extract of M. triphylla and a 50 mg/kg dose of diclofenac sodium on acetic acid-induced paw edema ( p > 0.05 ). These findings suggest that the roots of M. triphylla may be useful in the safe mitigation of pain and inflammation and therefore support their ethnomedicinal use in the management of pain and inflammation.

scholarly journals Jiaweishaoyao Decoction Alleviates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis via Inhibiting Inflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Huixia Qiao ◽  
Yahui Huang ◽  
Xiaoyan Chen ◽  
Long Yang ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Histopathological Score

Purpose. Jiaweishaoyao decoction (JWSYD) is a traditional prescription of Chinese medicine that is initially used for the treatment of diarrhea. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of JWSYD on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods. DSS-induced UC mice and LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells were used as the UC model in vivo and in vitro. UC was assessed by body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, spleen weight, and histopathological score (HE staining). The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were analyzed by ELISA and qRT-PCR. The levels of NLRP3 inflammasome- and NF-κB pathway-associated proteins were measured by western blot. Results. JWSYD alleviated DSS-induced UC in respect to body weight, DAI, colon length, spleen weight, and histopathological score. JWSYD reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in DSS-induced UC mice and the supernatants of LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. JWSYD suppressed the protein levels of inflammasome-associated proteins, including NLRP3, ASC1, Procaspase-1, Cleaved caspase-1, and Cleaved IL-1β in DSS-induced UC mice and LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. In addition, JWSYD suppressed the NF-κB pathway in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion. JWSYD alleviated DSS-induced UC via inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathway.

scholarly journals Effect of mushrooms on obesity in animal models: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Grotto ◽  
Isabella Ferreira Camargo ◽  
Katia Kodaira ◽  
Lauren Giustti Mazzei ◽  
Juliana Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Medicinal Mushrooms ◽  
Aquatic Mammal

Abstract Background Obesity and its consequences are worldwide epidemic problem; therefore, studies with strategies and mechanisms that favor weight loss to improve outcomes in health are necessary. Effects of mushrooms on body weight are uncertain. The aim of this systematic review is to determine the efficacy of mushrooms in weight loss in animal preclinical models. Method This is a systematic review of preclinical studies of animal models of obesity (any type of non-aquatic mammal), which were exposed to edible and medicinal mushrooms orally in comparison with the control. The following databases will be used: MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, BIOSIS, SCOPUS, and gray literature. There will be no restriction of language, date, or publication status. The primary outcome will be body weight loss. And the secondary outcomes include the total amount of food consumed by the animals, analysis of metabolic parameters, inflammatory mediators, mortality for any causes, and any adverse effect reported. A team of reviewers will select, in pairs and independently, the titles and abstracts, extract data from qualifying studies, and assess bias risk (using SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool and the Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies (CAMARADES) checklist). The standardized mean difference (SMD) will be calculated to measure treatment effect, with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The heterogeneity between-study will be calculated by I2 inconsistency values and Cochran’s Q statistical test, where I2 > 50% and/or p < 0.10 suggest high heterogeneity meta-analyses of random effects will be conducted as possible. Discussion Although many experimental studies about the effects of mushrooms on obesity have already been published, there is still no consensus in the literature. This study will provide evidences of preclinical research on mushrooms and their relation to body weight loss in animal models of obesity, being non-aquatic mammals. Also, this systematic review will show the limitations and strengths of the studies available in the literature, as well as it will to encourage the financing of new studies by public health managers and governmental entities. Systematic review registration PROSPERO (CRD42019125299).

scholarly journals Efficacy Testing of Orally Administered Praziquantel to Common Carp Naturally Infected by Caryophyllidean Tapeworms (Platyhelminthes: Eucestoda)

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. S73-S78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliška Sudová ◽  
Veronika Piačková ◽  
Josef Velíšek ◽  
Martin Pijáček ◽  
Zdeňka Svobodová
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Single Oral Administration ◽  
Heat Treated

The aim of the study was to assess the effects of orally applied praziquantel on the treatment efficacy against most abundant tapeworms (Atractolytocestus huronensis Anthony, 1958 and Khawia sinensis Hsü, 1935) of common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus). Naturally infected fish (1.5-year-old; K1-2) were divided into 6 groups. Three trial groups were administered praziquantel mixed in heat-treated amyloid vehicle (at doses of 50 mg kg-1 body weight). In 3 groups of control, the fish were administered amyloid vehicle only. Fish were examined using gut dissection 2, 4 and 6 days after the administration. The location, intensity and prevalence of individual species of tapeworms were recorded. A. huronensis and K. sinensis were found in the gut of carp together. A. huronensis was situated in the oesophageal part of foregut, and K. sinensis came after – immediately before the first intestine loop, of the intestines of carp. The invasion of A. huronensis was fully eliminated in all trial groups after 4 days whereas some specimens of K. sinensis still persisted in the gut of few fish. The full elimination of both parasites was observed 6 days after administration. Our results showed that elimination of K. sinensis takes longer than elimination of A. huronensis. The dose of 50 mg kg-1 of orally administered praziquantel is effectual to control A. huronensis and K. sinensis infections in common carp successfully, however, a significant decrease of the number of parasites was also caused by a single oral administration of big bolus vehicle and leaving unfed fish in the clean water.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hydroxytriazenes and their Vanadium Complexes

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (s2) ◽  
pp. 1144-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Singh ◽  
Peeyush Patel ◽  
A. K. Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Vanadium Complexes ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The anti-inflammatory activity of hydroxytriazenes as well as their vanadium complexes has been studied using carrageenan induced hind paw oedema method in albino rats (Wister strain). Hydroxytriazenesviz., 3-hydroxy-1,3-diphenyltriazene(HT-1), 3-hydroxy-3-phenyl-1-(4-sulfonamido)phenyl triazene(HT-2), 3-hydroxy-3-p-chlorophenyl-1-(4-sulfonamido) phenyltriazene(HT-3), 3-hydroxy-3-m-chlorophenyl-1-(4-sulfonamido)phenyltriazene(HT-4)(HT-4) and their respective vanadium complexes C-1, C-2, C-3 and C-4 have been synthesized using standard methods, purified, characterized and used for studying their anti-inflammatory activities. The hind paw oedema was produced by subplanter injection of carrageenan and the paw volume was measured plethysmographically after 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 h. The animals were givenHT-1, HT-2, HT-3andHT-4and also vanadium complexes C-1, C-2, C-3 and C-4 dissolved inDMSO(at dose 5 mg/Kg body weight). Diclofenac sodium (5 mg/kg) was used as a standard drug. The standard drug shows maximum inibition up to 1h as 81.73% which goes on increasing up to 3h (88.94%) but further reduces to 74.93% at the end of 5 h. The test compounds i.e. both ligands as well as their metal complexes show maximum percent inhibition only up to 1h. after which the efficacy reduces. Thus it can be said that both ligands as well as their vanadium complexes show very significant anti-inflammatory activity up to 1h which is comparable to standard drug.

scholarly journals Comparison of Blood Profiles of γ-Oryzanol and Ferulic Acid in Rats after Oral Intake of γ-Oryzanol

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Kokumai ◽  
Junya Ito ◽  
Eri Kobayashi ◽  
Naoki Shimizu ◽  
Hiroyuki Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Equimolar Amount ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Absorption Profile ◽  
Single Oral Administration ◽  
Blood Profiles

γ-Oryzanol (OZ), a bioactive phytochemical abundant in cereals such as rice, has been reported to be mainly hydrolyzed to ferulic acid (FA) in the body. Meanwhile, in our previous study, we revealed that a part of OZ is absorbed into the body and exists in its intact form. However, the comprehensive absorption profile of OZ and its metabolites (e.g., FA) after OZ intake has not been fully elucidated yet. Therefore, in this study, we measured the concentrations of OZ, FA, and FA conjugates (i.e., FA sulfate and glucuronide) in the blood of rats with the use of HPLC-MS/MS after a single oral administration of 300 µmol/kg body weight of rice bran OZ (RBOZ). As a result, intact OZ along with FA and FA conjugates existed in the blood, which implied that these constituents may all contribute to the physiological effects under OZ intake. Additionally, when an equimolar amount of FA (300 µmol/kg body weight) was administered, it was found that the absorption profile of FA was significantly different from that when RBOZ was administered.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document