scholarly journals The liver and thyroid gland: What’s the connection?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotb Abbass Metwalley ◽  
◽  
Hekma Saad Farghaly ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Liver Disorders ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

Thyroid hormones are essential for the normal growth, development, and function of body organs. These hormones regulate the basal metabolic rate of all cells, including hepatocytes. A complex interplay exists between the thyroid and the liver. Thyroid dysfunction can cause liver function test abnormalities, usually reverted by normalizing thyroid status. On the other hand, liver disorders may cause thyroid function abnormalities that may or may not need to be treated. Nevertheless, the relationship between liver and thyroid is often overlooked, and thyroid function is not commonly investigated in patients with liver diseases and vice versa. Keywords: Hyperthyroidism; liver cirrhosis; hypothyroidism; hepatitis.

scholarly journals Impact of Sarcopenia and Myosteatosis in Non-Cirrhotic Stages of Liver Diseases: Similarities and Differences across Aetiologies and Possible Therapeutic Strategies

Biomedicines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Annalisa Cespiati ◽  
Marica Meroni ◽  
Rosa Lombardi ◽  
Giovanna Oberti ◽  
Paola Dongiovanni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Related Liver Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

Sarcopenia is defined as a loss of muscle strength, mass and function and it is a predictor of mortality. Sarcopenia is not only a geriatric disease, but it is related to several chronic conditions, including liver diseases in both its early and advanced stages. Despite the increasing number of studies exploring the role of sarcopenia in the early stages of chronic liver disease (CLD), its prevalence and the relationship between these two clinical entities are still controversial. Myosteatosis is characterized by fat accumulation in the muscles and it is related to advanced liver disease, although its role in the early stages is still under researched. Therefore, in this narrative review, we firstly aimed to evaluate the prevalence and the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying sarcopenia and myosteatosis in the early stage of CLD across different aetiologies (mainly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol-related liver disease and viral hepatitis). Secondly, due to the increasing prevalence of sarcopenia worldwide, we aimed to revise the current and the future therapeutic approaches for the management of sarcopenia in CLD.

The Relationship between Thyroid Nodules Detected through Ultrasonography and Thyroid Function Test Results in Healthy Individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-124
Author(s):  
Hye Jin Jeong ◽  
Yong Sik Moon ◽  
Moo Young Kim ◽  
Soo Hyoung Lee ◽  
Ki Hyun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Function Test ◽  
The Relationship

Maternal hypothyroidism may be associated with CHD in offspring

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1247-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Grattan ◽  
Daina S Thomas ◽  
Lisa K. Hornberger ◽  
Robert M Hamilton ◽  
William K Midodzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Maternal Thyroid ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractObjectives:This study tested whether mothers with maternal hypothyroidism have increased odds of CHD in their offspring, and examined the relationship between CHD, maternal thyroid function, and nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.Background:Maternal hypothyroidism increases the risk for foetal demise and prematurity and can have a negative impact on neurodevelopment. Prior studies have postulated a relationship between maternal thyroid function, CHD, and maternal nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.Methods:A cross-sectional case–control study was conducted over a 17-month period to obtain a history of maternal thyroid status and nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Paediatric echocardiograms were evaluated for CHD by a blinded paediatric cardiologist. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between CHD and maternal hypothyroidism.Results:Of the 998 maternal–child pairs, 10% (98/998) of the mothers reported a history of prenatal hypothyroidism. The overall prevalence of CHD in the study sample was 63% (630/998). Mothers with a history of hypothyroidism were significantly more likely to have offspring with CHD compared with mothers without a history of hypothyroidism (72 versus 62%; p=0.04). The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of CHD in offspring associated with reported maternal hypothyroidism was 1.68 (1.02–2.78).Conclusion:This study suggests that maternal hypothyroidism is a risk factor for the development of CHD. Further prospective investigations are necessary to confirm this association and delineate pathogenic mechanisms.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Serum Thyroxine Binding Globulin as a Routine Test of Thyroid Function

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Uptake Ratio ◽  
Routine Test ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Diagnostic Index

Serum thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) values were correlated with other thyroid function test results and with the clinical condition in 680 patients. The estimation of serum TBG was helpful in the evaluation of thyroid status only in those patients who were either acutely ill, were taking the contraceptive pill, or were pregnant. Further, the derived index, thyroxine: TBG ratio, proved to be a better diagnostic index than the thyroxine: tri-iodothyronine uptake ratio and in many cases would have avoided the use of more expensive and time-consuming tests.

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of DNA and RNA

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Patricia G. Arscott ◽  
Gil Lee ◽  
Victor A. Bloomfield ◽  
D. Fennell Evans
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Calf Thymus ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

STM is one of the most promising techniques available for visualizing the fine details of biomolecular structure. It has been used to map the surface topography of inorganic materials in atomic dimensions, and thus has the resolving power not only to determine the conformation of small molecules but to distinguish site-specific features within a molecule. That level of detail is of critical importance in understanding the relationship between form and function in biological systems. The size, shape, and accessibility of molecular structures can be determined much more accurately by STM than by electron microscopy since no staining, shadowing or labeling with heavy metals is required, and there is no exposure to damaging radiation by electrons. Crystallography and most other physical techniques do not give information about individual molecules.We have obtained striking images of DNA and RNA, using calf thymus DNA and two synthetic polynucleotides, poly(dG-me5dC)·poly(dG-me5dC) and poly(rA)·poly(rU).

USE OF ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE HUMAN ORGANISM DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1219-1225
Author(s):  
Filip Jovanovski ◽  
Toni Mitrovski ◽  
Viktorija Bezhovska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Working Ability ◽  
The World ◽  
Growth Development

Food is not just a pleasure in life, it is also an important factor for our health. Human nutrition is a mixture of nutrients, which are the only source of energy needed for survival. Energy-poor diet endangers many life functions, and above all the working ability. In the world, the meaning of the diet is very serious, and hence the demands for a –rational, healthy and safe diet are growing. Human nutrition contains saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Essential fatty acids (EFAs) must be ingested in everyday diet because the body does not produce it. They are very important for human health. They are present in each cell of the human body and are an important factor for the normal growth, development and functioning of cells, muscles, nerves and organs. They are also used in the production of certain hormones - such as prostaglandins, which are crucial for the performance of certain important processes. The deficit from EFAs is due to a number of health problems, including more serious diseases.

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