Brown Seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) of Britain and Ireland

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fletcher

Brown Seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) of Britain and Ireland provides the first complete, up-to-date, detailed illustrated guide and keys to the nearly 200 species of brown algae present around the coasts of Britain and Ireland. It is the culmination of over 30 years of field and laboratory studies by the author. Following an exhaustive introduction that covers the biology and ecology of brown seaweeds, a checklist of species is set out, followed by clear and user-friendly keys to the genera. Particular attention is then paid to providing detailed illustrations, and the volume holds more than 300 compound plates of line drawings and photographs in its extensive taxonomic treatment. Comprehensive information is given on the geographical and seasonal distributions, synonymy, morphology, anatomy, cytology, reproduction, life histories, taxonomy, systematics and bibliographic material pertaining to each species. Notably, this flora offers a much fuller consideration of many of the lesser known, more cryptic microscopic brown algae than previously available. Further, the book also contains the results of much original research undertaken by the author. This will surely remain a standard reference work on brown seaweeds for many years to come – an indispensable research tool and field guide for phycologists and students throughout the North Atlantic region and beyond.

Oryx ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-193
Author(s):  
Arthur G. Bourne

For several hundred years the small whales of the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean and Black Seas have been hunted with varying degrees of intensity. All too often the story has been one of overhunting followed by rapid decline of stocks, but so little is known about these small whales that today it is impossible to assess their populations or the effects of present hunting on the stocks. The author recounts the history of eight species of small whale and urges the need for more research to ensure planned cropping of a valuable resource. A Canadian proposal for whale hunting as a sport is perhaps a sign of a new danger to come.


1949 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1001-1009
Author(s):  
Arnold Brecht

After the North Atlantic Treaty. The North Atlantic treaty, with its incorporation of the principle that attack on any one of the signatory powers will be considered an attack on all, has done more than any previous measure to strengthen the morale of Western Europe. No longer need any of the participating European countries, whether big or small, be afraid that it might be left alone in the hour of attack. Against that hour, if it should have to come, all will prepare in common.On the other hand, it is obvious that this firm expression of the “will to defend” has gravely accentuated the dividing line between East and West. More definitely than ever, outside of the two World Wars, Europe has now realigned herself in two antagonistic camps, both heavily armed. This fact will receive further emphasis in the process of implementing the treaty. Each one of the many particular measures that will now be taken to organize and strengthen the common defense, and the concomitant increase in expenditures for armament—much more noticeable in democracies with their public discussion of all military and budgetary issues than in the silent realms of dictatorial censorship—will have the effect of a showing of teeth and rattling of sabers.


2021 ◽  
Vol 676 ◽  
pp. 97-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Strøm ◽  
S Descamps ◽  
M Ekker ◽  
P Fauchald ◽  
B Moe

Many seabird species undergo extensive seasonal migrations, often across large marine ecosystems or between marine areas under different national jurisdictions. With the advances of electronic tracking, especially of the application of Global Location Sensors (GLS or geolocators), it is now possible to study the seasonal movements of seabirds and link breeding populations to non-breeding habitats. To take full advantage of this development for better management and conservation, and to broaden the scope of scientific questions that can be assessed, there is a need for large-scale and multi-species programmes. The SEATRACK project with partners from 10 countries is ongoing and aims to identify the year-round distribution and movements of seabirds breeding in colonies across the northern part of the North Atlantic. By 2020, 14534 loggers were deployed on 11 species, and data from 5440 retrieved loggers have been analyzed and compiled. This Theme Section assembles original research articles based on data collected as part of the SEATRACK project from 2014 to 2019. A series of 11 papers advances the knowledge within 4 research themes: (1) variation in migration strategies among individuals, populations and species; (2) linking migration strategies and winter distribution to seabird demography and population dynamics; (3) linking migration and winter distribution to contaminants in seabirds and (4) the use of GLS data in marine spatial planning. We review existing literature within SEATRACK’s 4 themes with a focus on the temperate and arctic zones of the North Atlantic to provide a framework within which to discuss the 11 contributions and provide recommendations for future research.


2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-902
Author(s):  
N. V. Vakulenko ◽  
D. M. Sonechkin

It is generally accepted to believe that changes in the heat content of North Atlantic can be a source of surprises in the climate evolution, especially the climate of Europe. The RAPID program providing monitoring of this heat content serves to investigate this problem. However, results of such monitoring cover still too short time period to come to any conclusion. In this regard, changes of the North Atlantics sea surface mean temperature which already is observed during a long enough period (from the middle of the 20-th century) is analyzed as an indirect characteristic of the heat content. Wavelets are used for this purpose. Three scales, which define temporal variability of this characteristic, are found: from two to four, from seven up to ten, and about twenty two years. It is assumed that sources of variations of the first two from the specified scales are wobbles of the Earths rotation axis, and the source of variations of the third scale is the Hale's cycle of heliomagnetic activity.


2016 ◽  
Vol 562 ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Lynghammar ◽  
K Præbel ◽  
S Bhat ◽  
SE Fevolden ◽  
JS Christiansen

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2857-2872 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Saunders ◽  
C. A. Maggs ◽  
J. L. McLachlan

Two life histories have been established for Rhodophysema elegans from the North Atlantic Ocean by field and culture studies. These are entirely distinct and occur, respectively, in (i) sexual, tetrasporangial and (ii) asexual, bisporangial populations. In tetrasporangial isolates, a sexual life history was unequivocally indicated by chromosome numbers of n = 18 in vegetative cells and 18 pairs during meiotic tetrasporocyte division. Bisporangial plants, interpreted as polyploid gametophytes (2x = 36), undergo a direct, mitotic bispore to bisporophyte life history and also produce diploid spermatia. The sexual life history in North Atlantic R. elegans differed in several respects from that reported in a Californian isolate. A taxonomic study of crustose Rhodophysema species from the Pacific Ocean in comparison with type material of R. elegans from France indicated that two entities have been reported from Pacific North America under this name, but neither corresponds with the type. (i) Crusts epiphytic on the seagrass Phyllospadix and algal fronds are identified as Rhodophysema odonthaliae, described from Japan. Evidence of both sexual and direct, mitotic tetrasporangial life histories has been observed in field collections of this species, (ii) Larger plants, with much larger spermatangia, collected on pebbles and brown algal stipes are considered as being growth forms of the monostromatic Californian species Rhodophysema minus.


Author(s):  
J. Anthony VanDuzer

SummaryRecently, there has been a proliferation of international agreements imposing minimum standards on states in respect of their treatment of foreign investors and allowing investors to initiate dispute settlement proceedings where a state violates these standards. Of greatest significance to Canada is Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement, which provides both standards for state behaviour and the right to initiate binding arbitration. Since 1996, four cases have been brought under Chapter 11. This note describes the Chapter 11 process and suggests some of the issues that may arise as it is increasingly resorted to by investors.


1892 ◽  
Vol 34 (872supp) ◽  
pp. 13940-13941
Author(s):  
Richard Beynon

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Oleh Poshedin

The purpose of the article is to describe the changes NATO undergoing in response to the challenges of our time. Today NATO, as a key element of European and Euro-Atlantic security, is adapting to changes in the modern security environment by increasing its readiness and ability to respond to any threat. Adaptation measures include the components required to ensure that the Alliance can fully address the security challenges it might face. Responsiveness NATO Response Force enhanced by developing force packages that are able to move rapidly and respond to potential challenges and threats. As part of it, was established a Very High Readiness Joint Task Force, a new Allied joint force that deploy within a few days to respond to challenges that arise, particularly at the periphery of NATO’s territory. NATO emphasizes, that cyber defence is part of NATO’s core task of collective defence. A decision as to when a cyber attack would lead to the invocation of Article 5 would be taken by the North Atlantic Council on a case-by-case basis. Cooperation with NATO already contributes to the implementation of national security and defense in state policy. At the same time, taking into account that all decision-making in NATO based on consensus, Ukraine’s membership in the Alliance quite vague perspective. In such circumstances, in Ukraine you often can hear the idea of announcement of a neutral status. It is worth reminding that non-aligned status did not save Ukraine from Russian aggression. Neutral status will not accomplish it either. All talks about neutrality and the impossibility of Ukraine joining NATO are nothing but manipulations, as well as recognition of the Ukrainian territory as Russian Federation area of influence (this country seeks to sabotage the Euro-Atlantic movement of Ukraine). Think about it, Moldova’s Neutrality is enshrined in the country’s Constitution since 1994. However, this did not help Moldova to restore its territorial integrity and to force Russia to withdraw its troops and armaments from Transnistria.


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