Comparative Analysis of Treatment Outcomes of Amoxicillin and Cephedrine in Oral and Dental Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2833-2836
Author(s):  
Sarah Salim ◽  
Syed Zuhair Mehdi ◽  
Zainab Motiwala ◽  
Hoor ul Ain Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Dental Infection ◽  
Treatment Frequency ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Dental Infections

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of amoxicillin and cephedrine in oral and dental infections. Study Design: Observational/ Comparative study Place and Duration: Riphah International University, Almizan Campus, Rawalpindi/ Nayab Dental Clinic Rawalpindi. January 2021 to Aug 2021. Methods: Total one hundred and fifty patients of both genders were presented in this study. Demographically detailed of included patients age, sex, cause of infection, residency and education status were calculated after taking informed written consent. Patients had oral and dental infection and did not receive any treatment yet were included. Patients were equally categorized into two groups. Group A had 75 patients and received 500mg amoxicillin while group B had 75 patients treated with 500mg cephredine thrice a day for 5 days. Post-treatment effectiveness among both groups was assessed and compared. SPSS 22.0 version was used to analyze the complete data. Results: There were 40 (53.3%) males and 35 (46.7%) females in group A while in group B 38 (50.7%) males and 37 (49.3%) females. Mean age in group A was 34.13±12.42 years and in group B mean age was 35.04±11.31 years. 100 (66.7%) cases were from urban area (50 in each group). 88 (58.7%) patients were literate (44 in each group). Gingivitis was found in 33 (44%) cases in group A and 35 (46.7%) in group B while frequency of periodontitis was 37 (56%) in group A and 40 (53.2%) in group B. Smoking was the most common cause of infection followed by compromised oral hygiene and diabetes. Post treatment frequency of effectiveness in group B was higher among 63 (84%) cases as compared to group A. Frequency of adverse outcomes stomach upset, diarrhea and dizziness were lower in group B. Change of dose frequently noted in group A among 15 (20%) cases as compared to group B 8 (10.7%). Conclusion: We concluded in this study that use of antibiotics in cure of dental and oral infections were effective and useful but amoxicillin was significantly superior to cephredine with less number of adverse outcomes and higher frequency of germs controlled. Keywords: Dental Infection, Amoxicillin, Cephredine, Gingivitis, Periodontitis

Association of Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Cirrhosis Presented with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1134-1135
Author(s):  
M. A. Chhutto ◽  
A. H. Mugheri ◽  
A. H. Phulpoto ◽  
I. A. Ansari ◽  
A. Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
P Value ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Disease Study

Objective: To determine the association of adverse outcomes in term of mortality in patients with cirrhosis presented with coronavirus disease. Study Design: Retrospective/observational study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from 1st March 2019 to 31st December 2020. Methodology: Two hundred and twenty covid-19 patients of both genders with or without chronic liver disease were enrolled in this study. Patients were categorized in to two groups. Group A (with cirrhosis 60 patients) and group B (without cirrhosis 60 patients). Outcomes in term of mortality between both groups were examined. Results: There were 38 (63.33%) males and 22 (36.67%) were females with mean age 46.14±8.44 years in group A while in group B, 40 (66.67%) and 20 (33.33%) patients were males and females with mean age 45.26±9.34 years. Patients with cirrhosis had high mortality rate as compared to patients without cirrhosis (33.33% Vs 13.33%) with p-value 0.0001. Conclusion: A significant association of adverse outcomes was found in cirrhotic patients with coronavirus disease. Keywords: Chronic Liver Disease, Corvid-19, Mortality

scholarly journals Adverse outcome of methotrexate and mini pulse betamethasone in the treatment of lichen planus

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
SC Hazra ◽  
AM Choudhury ◽  
ATM Asaduzzaman ◽  
HK Paul
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Haematological Parameter ◽  
Morning Dose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Group B ◽  
Medical University

The objectives of this study were to compare the adverse outcome of methotrexate and mini pulse betamethasone therapy in the treatment of lichen planus. It was a clinical trial conducted in the department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, from January 2009 to December 2010. Forty four patients of lichen planus were included in the study. Patients in Group-A, (n=23) were treated with methotrexate (10 mg) single morning dose and group-B (n=21) were treated with mini pulse betamethasone (5mg) single morning dose on 2 consecutive days during the period of 12 weeks. Adverse outcomes were measured by clinical examination and laboratory investigations during follow up visits. Anemia 3(14.2%) and edema 12(57.1%) developed in group-B but none in group-A. In group-B, dyspepsia 15(71.4%), acne 10(47.6%), mooning face 8(38.1%), striae 8(38.1%) and hypertrichosis 4(19.0%) developed but none in group-A. Intermittent diarrhoea, headache, nausea and fatigue complained in both groups of patients but the percentage of complaints was higher amog group-B compared to group-A. Menstrual abnormality developed in group-B 5(71.4%) but none in group-A. Laboratory investigations showed abnormality in platelet count and SGPT in group-A but none in group-B. The adverse effects of methotrexate on haematological parameter and liver functions were mild and could be prevented by reducing the dose but the adverse effects of betamethasone were unavoidable. The overall adverse effects were less in group-A than group-B. Therefore, methotrexate can be used as an alternative safer option for the treatment of lichen planus. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v39i1.15806 Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2013; 39: 22-27

scholarly journals Comparison of two different techniques of uterine closure in caesarean section: Continuous single layer technique versus Babu and Magon technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2197
Author(s):  
S. Vinayachandran ◽  
Vedhapriya Sudhakar
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Caesarean Scar ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Layer Technique ◽  
Observational Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: To compare size of the caesarean scar and residual myometrial thickness (RMT) between continuous single non-interlocking and Babu and Magon technique for uterine closure following primary elective caesarean section (CS).Methods: An observational prospective cohort study was conducted at 6 weeks and 4 months postpartum following primary elective CS. Group A included 25 patients who underwent continuous single layer technique and Group B included 25 patients who underwent Babu and Magon technique for uterine closure. Baseline demographic profile, obstetric score, details of the CS and associated complications were studied. Two-dimensional Transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) measurements of the length, width and depth of the caesarean scar and RMT were compared.Results: Mean age of study population was 29.6 years. Malpresentation (44%) was the most common indication for CS. Mean Bishops score at the time of CS was <4. The duration of surgery (-2.8 min, 37.96 ±5.660min) and estimated amount of blood loss (-51.6 ml, mean 671.20 ±136.208ml) was less in Group A compared to Group B (40.76 ±4.68min, 722.80±132.083ml respectively). The caesarean scar measurements were similar in both groups at both visits. The mean RMT in Group B at 6 weeks and 4 months postpartum (8.05mm±2.06 and 7.10mm±2.04 respectively) was statistically higher than Group A (6.23mm ± 1.76 and 5.36mm ± 1.70 respectively), p=0.002.Conclusions: We conclude that Babu and Magon technique for uterine closure in caesarean section could result in better healing of the scar and probably reduce the adverse outcomes in subsequent pregnancies.

scholarly journals Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics in the Management of Postoperative Endodontic Pain

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 939-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Alsomadi ◽  
Riyad Al Habahbeh
Keyword(s):  
Pain Scale ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT Aim To investigate the efficacy of using antibiotics in post endodontic treatment as a method to alleviate post-treatment pain. Materials and methods After completion of endodontic treatment 129 patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group A (65 patients) received Ibuprofen 400 mg one tablet before procedure and one tablet every 8 hours for the first day, then one tablet once indicated by pain. Group B (64 patients) received the same regimen as group A in addition to amoxicillin, clavulanic acid tablets (one tablet before the procedure, and then one tablet twice daily for a total of 3 days). Intensity of pain at 8 hours interval using visual analog scale (VAS) and total number of Ibuprofen tablets used was recorded by patients. Results Peak postoperative pain occurred at 16 hours posttreatment in both groups, there was a significant difference in the pain scale between the two groups in favor for group B over group A (3.8 vs 2.1 respectively). Pain scale was significantly lower in group B at 24, 32, 40, and 48 hours post-treatment with a p-value of < 0.05. The pain scale at 56, 64 and 72 hours were also less in group B, although could not show up as statistical difference. Patients in group A used statistically significant more Ibuprofen than patients in group B (486 vs 402). Conclusion Antibiotic prescription to manage post endodontic treatment pain results in less pain with less consumption of Ibuprofens. Clinical significance Pain management in endodontics is a real challenge, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are used effectively in many patients to alleviate post endodontic pain. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may have adverse reactions or may be contraindicated. Short-term use of antibiotics to alleviate pain can be of clinical benefits in these patients. How to cite this article Alsomadi L, Al Habahbeh R. Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics in the Management of Postoperative Endodontic Pain. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(12):939-943.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Selected Exercise Programme on Cervical Range of Motion in Patients with Thoracic Kyphosis & Forward Head Posture

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 3863-3869
Author(s):  
Monika Dhiman ◽  
◽  
Maman Paul ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Neck Disability Index ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Cervical Range Of Motion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Hot Pack

Background: Altered postural behaviours result in Forward head posture and thoracic kyphosis making it amenable to correction. The biomechanical strain, in presence of reduced strength of the core stabilizing musculature, in particular, if it is repeated or prolonged, is the predominant explanation for symptoms associated with forward head posture and thoracic kyphosis i.e., neck pain and reduced cervical range of motion. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare the effect of postural awareness and conventional exercises on the cervical range of motion in patients with thoracic kyphosis and forward head posture. Methodology: This experimental study was conducted on 60 subjects both male and female of age group 20-35yrs. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups consisting of 30 subjects each. Group A received hot pack and postural advice and Group B received hot pack and stretching and strengthening exercises. All the subjects received a total intervention of 4 days (alternate days) per week for 4 weeks. Results: Intra-group significant differences were obtained between pre- and post-treatment for all evaluated variables (p˂0.01) in both groups. The inter-group comparison showed significant differences (p˂0.01) between post-treatment variables of Group A and Group B where, Group B showed greater improvement than Group A. Conclusion: The treatment given to both the groups together can be used to improve cervical range of motion, thoracic kyphosis, and forward head posture. This study may serve as a guideline for physiotherapists when making decisions regarding possible interventions. KEY WORDS: Cervical range of motion, Craniovertebral angle, Forward head posture, Kyphosis index, Neck disability index, Thoracic kyphosis.

Fetal and Maternal Outcome Asymptomatic vs. Symptomatic Covid Positive Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3423-3425
Author(s):  
Amna Najam ◽  
Samreen Fakeer Muhammad ◽  
Samia Saifullah ◽  
Maryam Shoaib ◽  
Maria Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Nicu Admission ◽  
Group B

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the fetal and maternal outcomes in between asymptomatic and symptomatic COVID positive pregnant women. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study Place and Duration: The study was conducted at Gynae and Obs department of Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta for duration of six months from November 2020 to April 2021. Methods: One hundred and ten pregnant women with ages 18-45 years had corona virus disease were presented. Informed written consent was taken from all patients for detailed demographics. COVID -19 was diagnosed by PCR. 55 patients had symptoms of coronavirus were included in group A and 55 patients did not show symptoms were included in group B. Frequency of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and post-partum haemorrhage were calculated. Maternal adverse outcomes (cesarean section, instrumental delivery, induction of labor and prolong labor, hypertensive disorder) were calculated among both groups. Fetal outcomes perinatal mortality, Low birth weight, Low Apgar score and NICU admission were observed. SPSS 20.0 version was used to analyze all data. Results: Mean age of the patients in group A was 28.47±3.18 years with mean BMI 24.03±5.24 Kg/m2 and in group B mean age was 27.99±4.17 years with mean BMI 24.44±6.41 Kg/m2. Maternal outcomes (cesarean section, instrumental delivery, induction of labor and prolong labor,) in symptomatic group were significantly higher than that of asymptomatic group. Fetal outcomes, perinatal mortality in group A 9 (16.4%) and in group B was 5 (9.1%), low birth weight in group A was among 21 (38.2%) and in group B was 10 (18.2%), low apgar score in group A was 11 (20%) and in group B was 8 (14.4%), 15 (27.3%) in group A went to NICU admission and 3 (5.5%) patient in group II admitted to NICU. Conclusion: In this study we concluded that adverse outcomes among symptomatic COVID pregnant women were higher than that of asymptomatic coronavirus pregnant women in terms maternal and perinatal outcomes. Keywords: Pregnant women, Coronavirus, Symptomatic, Asymptomatic, Adverse Outcomes

scholarly journals TREATMENT OF VERTIGO- WITH & WITHOUT ANXIOLYTIC DRUG (ALPRAZOLAM 0.25MG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-3) ◽  
pp. S445-47
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waqas Ayub ◽  
Syed Muhammad Asad Shabbir Bukhari ◽  
Mohsin Raza ◽  
Asma Waqas ◽  
Beenish Hassan Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Beck Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Trial Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: To compare the effect of using the tablet Alprazolam 0.25mg in the treatment outcome of vertigo related anxiety by beck anxiety inventory. Study Design: Comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Okara Cantt, Sep 2018 to Jun 2020. Methodology: A total of 384 patients were included in the study. They were randomly assigned to group A and B by randomized clinical trial. Group A was given tablet alprazolam 0.25 mg along with the conventional treatment of vertigo and group B was given the treatment of vertigo only and no anxiolytic was added. Their pre & post treatment (after 2 weeks) anxiety level using Beck anxiety inventory was scored. Results: There was a significant improvement in group A patient’s vertigo effects after treatment with alprazolam. Also, it was observed that group A patients responded significant improvement in anxiety score as compared to Group B patients 02 weeks post treatment. Conclusion: Antianxiety treatment should be added in all cases with the conventional treatment of vertigo to reduce the vertigo associated anxiety of the patients.

scholarly journals Comparative study of efficacy and safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus iron sucrose in treatment of post-partum anemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3531
Author(s):  
Ragvi Raman ◽  
Jayanthy T. ◽  
Apoorva Asranna
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Iron Sucrose ◽  
Ferric Carboxymaltose ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Ferric carboxymaltose has been recently introduced for the treatment of anaemia. The present study was planned to compare the efficacy, tolerability and safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose with intravenous iron sucrose in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia among postpartum women.Methods: A total of 60 postpartum women with haemoglobin levels between 7-10 g/dl were randomized into two groups: 30 in group A (received iron carboxymaltose) and 30 in group B (Received iron sucrose). Haemoglobin and serum ferritin levels were done on day 0 and after 6 weeks.Results: The post treatment haemoglobin levels were found to be 10-10.9 g/dl in 66.7% of women in group A and 63.3% in group B. The mean post treatment haemoglobin levels in group A was 9.97±0.3 g/dl and in group B was 10.9 g/dl (p<0.001). The mean increase in haemoglobin levels post treatment were significantly high in group B (2.1±0.5 gm%) compared to group A (1.3±0.5 gm%). The mean post treatment S. Ferritin levels in group A was 91.2±25.8 and in group B was 126.5±23.2 gm%. The mean increase in S. Ferritin levels post treatment were significantly high in group B (96.9±23.3) compared to group A (62.7±22.6) (p<0.001).Conclusions: Intravenous iron carboxymaltose is more effective and better tolerated in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia among postpartum women compared to intravenous iron sucrose.

A Comparison of Acupuncture with Advice and Exercises on the Symptomatic Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Hip – a Randomised Controlled Trial

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roisin Haslam
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Group B ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Acupuncture is becoming a common technique within the physiotherapy profession as a treatment modality for pain relief; however, few randomised controlled trials have been undertaken to assess the effectiveness of acupuncture, particularly in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip. Therefore, a randomised trial to compare the effectiveness of acupuncture with advice and exercises on the symptomatic treatment of OA of the hip was carried out. Thirty-two patients awaiting a total hip arthroplasty were randomly allocated to either the experimental group, (A), to have six sessions of acupuncture each lasting up to 25 minutes, or the control group, (B), to be given advice and exercises for their hip over a six week period. Group A consisted of three men and 13 women, and group B consisted of four men and eight women. The average age in group A was 66 years and in group B it was 68 years. Patients were assessed for pain and functional ability, using a modified version of the WOMAC questionnaire, pre-treatment, immediately post-treatment and at eight weeks post-treatment. The pre-treatment WOMAC scores in the two groups were similar (p=0.85). There was a significant improvement in group A (decrease in WOMAC score) immediately post-treatment (p=0.002) and this was maintained at the eight-week follow-up (p=0.03). There were no significant changes in group B. When the changes in WOMAC scores were compared between groups, a significantly greater improvement was found between pre-treatment and immediately post-treatment in group A, compared with group B (p=0.02). The changes between pre-treatment and the eight-week follow-up also showed a significant improvement in group A compared with group B (p=0.03). In conclusion, this trial supports the hypothesis that acupuncture is more effective than advice and exercises in the symptomatic treatment of OA of the hip.

scholarly journals Effect of Diclofenac Sodium in Broilers

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
R Akter ◽  
MAW Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

This study was conducted to determine the effects of diclofenac sodium in broiler chicks during the period from 20th July /2012 to 1st september/2012. The broiler chicks were divided into four groups A, B, C and control with ten day old bird in each. Group A was treated with @ 5mg/kg body weight, group B was treated with @ 10mg/kg body weight and Group C was treated with 20 mg/kg body weight given orally mixing with drinking water. Histopathological, hematological and biochemical tests were performed on 42th days of age to evaluate diclofenac-induced changes between control and treated groups. Mortality rate and pathomorphological changes were observed in dead birds. The acute toxicity was assessed by observing the clinical signs and symptoms, mortality, alterations in blood biochemistry, and necropsy findings. The birds of Group A showed only mild symptoms of diarrhea and 30% mortality. In Group B, 60% and Group 70% of birds died in between 24 and 36 h post-treatment showing the symptoms of segregatory behavior, lethargy, terminal anorexia, and severe bloody diarrhea. Observation of hematological parameters like TEC, Hb, PCV and ESR on 42th days of age showed significant (p<0.01) decrease in treatment group compare to control group. Observation of biochemical parameters (serum urea, serum creatinine) on 42th days of age showed significantly increased (p<0.01) serum urea and serum creatinine indicating nephrotoxicity in broilers. At 12 and 24 h post-treatment this returned to the normal levels. The dead birds of the high-dose group also showed similar pattern of biochemical changes at 12 and 24 h post-treatment and revealed extensive visceral gout with characteristic histopathological lesions in liver, kidney, heart, spleen and intestine on post-mortem. The results indicate that diclofenac sodium has hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, and visceral gout inducing potentials in broilers (cob-500), especially at higher dose.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23710Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 19-24

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