DEVELOPMENT OF COMPOSITION AND PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES PAZOPANIB TABLET 400 MG

Таргетные методы лечения рака - это лекарства, нацеленные на определенные части раковых клеток, такие как белки или гены, которые способствуют росту и распространению раковых клеток. Трагетная терапия при определенных типах раках является эффективной. При некоторых типах рака таргетная терапия может работать лучше, чем другие методы лечения. От английского target - цель, мишень. Природа таргетных лекарств очень специфична и при разработке они направляются под конкретный мутировавший ген раковой клетки определенного вида опухолевого новообразования. В настоящий момент разными странами разработаны эффективные таргетные препараты для лечения различных генетических форм рака молочной железы, множественной миеломы, лимфомы, рака предстательной железы, меланомы, сарком мягких тканей [1]. Targeted cancer treatments are medicaments that target specific parts of cancer cells, such as proteins or genes that growing power and spread of cancer cells. Targeted therapy for certain types of cancers is effective. For some types of cancer, targeted therapy may work better than other treatments. The nature of targeted drugs is very specific and when developed, they are directed to a specific mutated gene of a cancer cell of a certain type of tumor. Currently, different countries have developed effective targeted drugs for the treatment of various genetic forms of breast cancer, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, prostate cancer, melanoma, soft tissue sarcomas.

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Targeting Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BCSCs) with Liposomal Formulations

Clinical Cancer Drugs ◽

10.2174/2212697x06666190318150757 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 3-7

Author(s):

Sumayah Al-Mahmood

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Multidrug Resistance ◽

Targeted Therapy ◽

Cancer Stem Cells ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Breast Cancer Treatment ◽

Breast Cancer Stem Cells ◽

Liposomal Formulations ◽

Cancer Targeted Therapy

Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a small proportion of cells that may be responsible for improving the resistance of cancer cells to the treatment and metastasis of breast cancer (MBC). Nanovehicles such as liposomes are extensively explored for diagnosis, treatment, and imaging of cancer. Targeted therapy with nanoparticles can be used to overcome the chemoresistance problem of cancer stem cells. Liposomes are lipid bilayer nanocarriers that have the ability to inhibit Pglycoprotein to overcome multidrug resistance that makes liposome ideal choice for using in BCSCs therapy. The main objective of this review is to describe novel liposomal formulations that are used in targeting BCSCs, which help in improving breast cancer treatment.

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PEGylated Nanographene Oxide in Combination with Near-Infrared Laser Irradiation as a Smart Nanocarrier in Colon Cancer Targeted Therapy

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13030424 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 424

Author(s):

Milena Georgieva ◽

Zlatina Gospodinova ◽

Milena Keremidarska-Markova ◽

Trayana Kamenska ◽

Galina Gencheva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colon Cancer ◽

Targeted Therapy ◽

Zeta Potential ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Cancer Therapies ◽

Colon Cancer Cells ◽

Biological Compatibility ◽

Fetal Bovine ◽

Cancer Targeted Therapy

Anti-cancer therapies that integrate smart nanomaterials are the focus of cancer research in recent years. Here, we present our results with PEGylated nanographene oxide particles (nGO-PEG) and have studied their combined effect with near-infrared (NIR) irradiation on low and high invasive colorectal carcinoma cells. The aim is to develop nGO-PEG as a smart nanocarrier for colon cancer-targeted therapy. For this purpose, nGO-PEG nanoparticles’ size, zeta potential, surface morphology, dispersion stability, aggregation, and sterility were determined and compared with pristine nGO nanoparticles (NPs). Our results show that PEGylation increased the particle sizes from 256.7 nm (pristine nGO) to 324.6 nm (nGO-PEG), the zeta potential from −32.9 to −21.6 mV, and wrinkled the surface of the nanosheets. Furthermore, nGO-PEG exhibited higher absorbance in the NIR region, as compared to unmodified nGO. PEGylated nGO demonstrated enhanced stability in aqueous solution, improved dispensability in the culture medium, containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and amended biocompatibility. A strong synergic effect of nGO-PEG activated with NIR irradiation for 5 min (1.5 W/cm−2 laser) was observed on cell growth inhibition of low invasive colon cancer cells (HT29) and their wound closure ability while the effect of NIR on cellular morphology was relatively weak. Our results show that PEGylation of nGO combined with NIR irradiation holds the potential for a biocompatible smart nanocarrier in colon cancer cells with enhanced physicochemical properties and higher biological compatibility. For that reason, further optimization of the irradiation process and detailed screening of nGO-PEG in combination with NIR and chemotherapeutics on the fate of the colon cancer cells is a prerequisite for highly efficient combined nanothermal and photothermal therapy for colon cancer.

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New Insights into Cancer Targeted Therapy: Nodal and Cripto-1 as Attractive Candidates

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22157838 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (15) ◽

pp. 7838

Author(s):

Paola Arboretto ◽

Michele Cillo ◽

Antonio Leonardi

Keyword(s):

Targeted Therapy ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Differentiated Cells ◽

Medical Need ◽

Cancer Targeted Therapy

The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling is fundamental for correct embryonic development. However, alterations of this pathway have been correlated with oncogenesis, tumor progression and sustaining of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Cripto-1 (CR-1) and Nodal are two embryonic proteins involved in TGF-β signaling. Their expression is almost undetectable in terminally differentiated cells, but they are often re-expressed in tumor cells, especially in CSCs. Moreover, cancer cells that show high levels of CR-1 and/or Nodal display more aggressive phenotypes in vitro, while in vivo their expression correlates with a worse prognosis in several human cancers. The ability to target CSCs still represents an unmet medical need for the complete eradication of certain types of tumors. Given the prognostic role and the selective expression of CR-1 and Nodal on cancer cells, they represent archetypes for targeted therapy. The aim of this review is to clarify the role of CR-1 and Nodal in cancer stem populations and to summarize the current therapeutic strategy to target CSCs using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or other molecular tools to interfere with these two proteins.

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Resveratrol as an Adjuvant for Normal Tissues Protection and Tumor Sensitization

Current Cancer Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1568009619666191019143539 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 130-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Keywan Mortezaee ◽

Masoud Najafi ◽

Bagher Farhood ◽

Amirhossein Ahmadi ◽

Dheyauldeen Shabeeb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Targeted Therapy ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Normal Tissue ◽

Medical Science ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Radiation Toxicity ◽

Normal Tissues ◽

Normal Tissue Toxicity

Cancer is one of the most complicated diseases in present-day medical science. Yearly, several studies suggest various strategies for preventing carcinogenesis. Furthermore, experiments for the treatment of cancer with low side effects are ongoing. Chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy are the most common non-invasive strategies for cancer treatment. One of the most challenging issues encountered with these modalities is low effectiveness, as well as normal tissue toxicity for chemo-radiation therapy. The use of some agents as adjuvants has been suggested to improve tumor responses and also alleviate normal tissue toxicity. Resveratrol, a natural flavonoid, has attracted a lot of attention for the management of both tumor and normal tissue responses to various modalities of cancer therapy. As an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, in vitro and in vivo studies show that it is able to mitigate chemo-radiation toxicity in normal tissues. However, clinical studies to confirm the usage of resveratrol as a chemo-radioprotector are lacking. In addition, it can sensitize various types of cancer cells to both chemotherapy drugs and radiation. In recent years, some clinical studies suggested that resveratrol may have an effect on inducing cancer cell killing. Yet, clinical translation of resveratrol has not yielded desirable results for the combination of resveratrol with radiotherapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy. In this paper, we review the potential role of resveratrol for preserving normal tissues and sensitization of cancer cells in combination with different cancer treatment modalities.

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Aptamer-protamine-siRNA nanoparticles in targeted therapy of ErbB3 positive breast cancer cells

International Journal of Pharmaceutics ◽

10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119963 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 590 ◽

pp. 119963

Author(s):

Xiangshang Xu ◽

Li Li ◽

Xiaolan Li ◽

Deding Tao ◽

Peng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Targeted Therapy ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Positive Breast Cancer

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Nucleic Acid Targeted Therapy: G4 Oligonucleotides Downregulate HRAS in Bladder Cancer Cells through a Decoy Mechanism

ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters ◽

10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00315 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 1179-1183 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Giulia Miglietta ◽

Alaa S. Gouda ◽

Susanna Cogoi ◽

Erik B. Pedersen ◽

Luigi E. Xodo

Keyword(s):

Bladder Cancer ◽

Targeted Therapy ◽

Nucleic Acid ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Bladder Cancer Cells

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Platform study of genotyping-guided precision medicine for rare solid tumours: a study protocol for a phase II, non-randomised, 18-month, open-label, multiarm, single-centre clinical trial testing the safety and efficacy of multiple Chinese-approved targeted drugs and PD-1 inhibitors in the treatment of metastatic rare tumours

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044543 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. e044543

Author(s):

Shuhang Wang ◽

Hui-Yao Huang ◽

Dawei Wu ◽

Hong Fang ◽

Jianming Ying ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Targeted Therapy ◽

Single Agent ◽

Solid Tumours ◽

Targeted Drugs ◽

Gene Fusions ◽

Single Centre ◽

Open Label ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Rare Tumours

IntroductionLimited clinical studies have been conducted on rare solid tumours, and there are few guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment, including experiences with targeted therapy and immunotherapy, of rare solid tumours in China, resulting in limited treatment options and poor outcomes. This study first proposes a definition of rare tumours and is designed to test the preliminary efficacy of targeted and immunotherapy drugs for the treatment of rare tumours.Methods and analysisThis is a phase II, open-label, non-randomised, multiarm, single-centre clinical trial in patients with advanced rare solid tumours who failed standard treatment; the study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of targeted drugs in patients with advanced rare solid tumours with corresponding actionable alterations, as well as the safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint (programmed death receptor inhibitor 1, PD-1) inhibitors in patients with advanced rare solid tumours without actionable alterations. Patients with advanced rare tumours who fail standardised treatment and carry actionable alterations (Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, ALK gene fusions, ROS-1 gene fusions, C-MET gene amplifications/mutations, BRAF mutations, CDKN2A mutations, BRCA1/2 mutations, HER-2 mutations/overexpressions/amplifications or C-KIT mutations) will be enrolled in the targeted therapy arm and be given the corresponding targeted drugs. Patients without actionable alterations will be enrolled in the PD-1 inhibitor arm and be treated with sintilimab. After the patients treated with vemurafenib, niraparib and palbociclib acquire resistance, they will receive combination treatment with sintilimab or atezolizumab. With the use of Simon’s two-stage Minimax design, and the sample size was estimated to be 770. The primary endpoint of this study is the objective response rate. The secondary endpoints are progression-free survival in the targeted treatment group and single-agent immunotherapy group; the duration of response in the targeted therapy and single-agent immunotherapy groups; durable clinical benefit in the single-agent immunotherapy group; and the incidence of adverse events.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (ID: 20/132-2328). The results from this study will be actively disseminated through manuscript publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numbersNCT04423185; ChiCTR2000039310.

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Targeting of lactate dehydrogenase C dysregulates the cell cycle and sensitizes breast cancer cells to DNA damage response targeted therapy.

Molecular Oncology ◽

10.1002/1878-0261.13024 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Adviti Naik ◽

Julie Decock

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cell Cycle ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Targeted Therapy ◽

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Dna Damage Response ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Damage Response ◽

Lactate Dehydrogenase C

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Melatonin as an Adjuvant to Antiangiogenic Cancer Treatments

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13133263 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 3263

Author(s):

Alicia González ◽

Carolina Alonso-González ◽

Alicia González-González ◽

Javier Menéndez-Menéndez ◽

Samuel Cos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Synergistic Effect ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Anticancer Effect ◽

Cancer Treatments ◽

Melatonin Administration ◽

Effects Of Radiation

Melatonin is a hormone with different functions, antitumor actions being one of the most studied. Among its antitumor mechanisms is its ability to inhibit angiogenesis. Melatonin shows antiangiogenic effects in several types of tumors. Combination of melatonin and chemotherapeutic agents have a synergistic effect inhibiting angiogenesis. One of the undesirable effects of chemotherapy is the induction of pro-angiogenic factors, whilst the addition of melatonin is able to overcome these undesirable effects. This protective effect of the pineal hormone against angiogenesis might be one of the mechanisms underlying its anticancer effect, explaining, at least in part, why melatonin administration increases the sensitivity of tumors to the inhibitory effects exerted by ordinary chemotherapeutic agents. Melatonin has the ability to turn cancer totally resistant to chemotherapeutic agents into a more sensitive chemotherapy state. Definitely, melatonin regulates the expression and/or activity of many factors involved in angiogenesis which levels are affected (either positively or negatively) by chemotherapeutic agents. In addition, the pineal hormone has been proposed as a radiosensitizer, increasing the oncostatic effects of radiation on tumor cells. This review serves as a synopsis of the interaction between melatonin and angiogenesis, and we will outline some antiangiogenic mechanisms through which melatonin sensitizes cancer cells to treatments, such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

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