THE ROLE OF DEXAMETHASONE DOSING IN THE TREATMENT OF COVID-19 AND ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (ARDS): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Ж.К. УТАРОВ ◽  
К.К. КУРАКБАЕ
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The World

Новый тип коронавируса был обнаружен в декабре 2019 года в провинции Ухань Китайской Народной Республики и получил называние SARS-CoV-2, а болезнь назвался COVID-19. Болезнь проявляется многими клиническими симптомами (лихорадка, кашель, одышка, повторяющийся озноб, мышечные боли, головная боль, боль в горле, потеря обоняния (аносмия) и / или вкуса (агевзия) и диарея), но в основном повреждает верхние и нижние дыхательные пути. Поскольку COVID-19 в основном вызывает вирусное поражение легких, многие пациенты попадают в больницу в тяжелом состоянии с острым респираторным дистресссиндромом (ОРДС). Ухудшение состояния при вирусной пневмонии идёт быстрыми темпами, и у многих пациентов уже в течение нескольких часов развивается дыхательная недостаточность, требующая немедленной респираторной поддержки. Учитывая, что новый тип коронавируса пришел в нашу жизнь на десятилетия, уже сейчас необходимо рассмотреть новые направления лечения. В настоящее время рассматриваются различные варианты лечения с целью полного уничтожения вируса или прекращения его дальнейшего развития, в том числе препарат дексаметазон, принадлежащий к группе глюкокортикоидов, который продемонстрировал основную эффективность. На сегодняшний день проведено несколько рандомизированных клинических испытаний (РКИ) с применением дексаметазона, но оптимальная доза и продолжительность применения препарата до сих пор не определены. Currently, a lot of research is being conducted using various medicines to treat COVID-19 disease, which puts the world at a standstill. In particular, we are talking about the drug dexamethasone, which has the main effect on ensuring that patients are not transferred to the intensive care unit and are not connected to articial lung ventilation. Although several randomized clinical trials have been conducted, the dose of dexamethasone has not yet been rened to suppress or stop the cytokine storm.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Role of Nutrition and Supplementation

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 976
Author(s):  
Fiorenzo Moscatelli ◽  
Francesco Sessa ◽  
Anna Valenzano ◽  
Rita Polito ◽  
Vincenzo Monda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
The World ◽  
Diet Regimen ◽  
Specific Diet

At the end of 2019, a new coronavirus (COVID-19) appeared on the world scene, which mainly affects the respiratory system, causing pneumonia and multi-organ failure, and, although it starts with common symptoms such as shortness of breath and fever, in about 2–3% of cases it leads to death. Unfortunately, to date, no specific treatments have been found for the cure of this virus and, therefore, it is advisable to implement all possible strategies in order to prevent infection. In this context, it is important to better define the role of all behaviors, in particular nutrition, in order to establish whether these can both prevent infection and improve the outcome of the disease in patients with COVID-19. In the literature, it is widely shown that states of malnutrition, overweight, and obesity negatively affect the immune system, leading to viral infections, and several studies have shown that nutritional interventions can act as immunostimulators, helping to prevent viral infections. Even if several measures, such as the assumption of a specific diet regimen, the use of dietary supplements, and other similar interventions, are promising for the prevention, management, and recovery of COVID-19 patients, it is important to highlight that strong data from randomized clinical trials are needed to support any such assumption. Considering this particular scenario, we present a literature review addressing several important aspects related to diet and SARS-CoV-2 infection, in order to highlight the importance of diet and supplementation in prevention and management of, as well as recovery from COVID-19.

scholarly journals Recombinant Human Adenovirus-p53 Therapy for the Treatment of Oral Leukoplakia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Jagadish Hosmani ◽  
Shazia Mushtaq ◽  
Shahabe Saquib Abullais ◽  
Hussain Mohammed Almubarak ◽  
Khalil Assiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
The World

Background and Objectives: Oral cancer is the 6th most common cancer in the world and oral leukoplakia is an oral potentially malignant disorder that could develop into oral cancer. This systematic review focusses on randomized clinical trials for recombinant adenovirus p-53 (rAD-p53) therapy for the treatment of oral leukoplakia and cancer. Materials and Methods: We searched for research articles on various databases such as Pubmed/Medline, Embase, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infra-structure), Springerlink, cochrane and Web of sciences from 2003 to 2020. MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms were used for the search. Inclusion criteria included original research, randomized clinical trials and articles only in English language. Exclusion criteria were any articles that were not research articles, not randomized trials, non-human studies, etc. The articles were further graded on the Jadad scale. Results: 578 articles were assessed from various databases; only 3 articles were found to be appropriate for this review. Thus, meta-analysis was not performed because of heterogeneity and lack of data. In the three studies, whether rAD-p53 was used as a standalone therapy or with other therapies, there was a beneficial effect of the therapy. Furthermore, there were no serious adverse events and the only adverse events reported were fever, pain at the local injection site, flu-like symptoms and lowered WBC count. Conclusions: Thus, we can conclude that this therapy has a potential for beneficial therapeutic effects and further clinical trials with more patients need to be performed to get better understanding of the effect of rAD-p53 therapy, which probably will pave the way to its approval in other parts of the world.

scholarly journals Selenium and Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Kohler ◽  
Janet Foote ◽  
Connor Kelley ◽  
Ana Florea ◽  
Colleen Shelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association

Several studies have investigated the potential role of selenium (Se) in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with disparate findings. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence of any association between Se and T2D. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Approach (PRISMA). Sixteen studies from 15 papers met inclusion criteria defined for this review. Of the 13 observational studies included, 8 demonstrated a statistically significant positive association between concentrations of Se and odds for T2D, with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) ranging from 1.52 (1.01–2.28) to 7.64 (3.34–17.46), and a summary odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) of 2.03 (1.51–2.72). In contrast, among randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of Se, a higher risk of T2D was not observed for those who received Se compared to a placebo (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 0.95–1.47). Taken together, the results for the relationship between Se and T2D differ between observational studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs). It remains unclear whether these differences are the result of uncontrolled confounding in the observational studies, or whether there is a modest effect of Se on the risk for T2D that may vary by duration of exposure. Further investigations on the effects of Se on glucose metabolism are needed.

scholarly journals Role of Functional Fortified Dairy Products in Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of Randomized Clinical Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. S251-S271 ◽  
Author(s):  
María J Soto-Méndez ◽  
Oscar D Rangel-Huerta ◽  
María D Ruiz-López ◽  
Emilio Martínez de Victoria ◽  
Augusto Anguita-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Meta Analyses

Role of physical exercise on cognitive function in healthy older adults: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 117-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikel López Sáez de Asteasu ◽  
Nicolás Martínez-Velilla ◽  
Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi ◽  
Álvaro Casas-Herrero ◽  
Mikel Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Healthy Older Adults
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