Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Reactive Black 5 by Activated Carbon Derived from Tamarind Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Zaniah Ishak ◽  
Sa’diah Salim ◽  
Dilip Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Reactive Black 5 ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Tamarind Seed ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

One of the most environmentally friendly methods to treat wastewater, especially synthetic dyes, is the production of activated carbon from agricultural waste. Tamarind seeds were transformed from negative-value waste into activated carbon in order to study the removal of synthetic dyes. The particular agro waste was soaked in ZnCl2 for chemical activation to increase its surface area and enhance its porosity. Physical activation of tamarind seeds was done by the carbonization process by burning at a temperature of 300 °C for 1 hour and cooling for 24 hours before washing with HCL to activate a pore surface for the tamarind seeds' carbon. The effects of parameters related to the adsorption of the dyes by tamarind seed activated carbon, such as contact time, initial concentration, absorbance dosage, and pH, were studied. The experimental data found that adsorption on both synthetic dyes exhibited a Langmuir isotherm in which the correlation value, R2, was 0.9227 (methylene blue) and 0.6117 (Reactive black 5). Meanwhile, the rate of adsorption for methylene blue (MB) and Reactive black 5 (RB5) by tamarind seed activated carbon was found to be well fitted in a pseudo-second-order model. More research is needed to meet the standard effluent of dyeing wastewater from the industrial sector.

Activated carbon prepared from pistachio waste for dye adsorption: experimental and CCD-based design

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mehralian ◽  
Zahra Goodarzvand Chegini ◽  
Maryam Khashij
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Carbon Adsorbents ◽  
Reactive Black 5 ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Chemical Activator

Purpose This study aims to activated carbon prepared from pistachio waste by using phosphoric acid as chemical activator agent. Activated carbon adsorbents were prepared from pistachio waste by using phosphoric acid as chemical activator agent. Design/methodology/approach The optimum conditions for the highest adsorption performance were determined by central composite design (CCD). The adsorbent was used for the adsorption of dye reactive black 5 (RB5), and the parameters affecting the adsorption were discussed like pH, initial concentration, contact time and adsorbent dosage. The adsorbent synthesized has been characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The kinetic models including pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to investigate the kinetic and isotherms parameters. Findings When the dye concentration is 10 mg/L, RB5 dye removal rates reach 87.5 per cent. Moreover, the adsorption process of RB5 follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Practical implications This study provided a simple and effective way to prepare activated carbon adsorbents from pistachio wastes. This way was conductive to protect environmental from a huge amount of agricultural waste produced and subsequent application for removal of pollutants from aqueous solutions. Originality/value The activated carbon adsorbents are prepared via chemical activation, which is prepared with pistachio wastes. There are two main innovations: one is that the novel adsorbents are prepared successfully by waste and the other is that the optimized conditions are designed by CCD.

Analisis Variasi Temperatur Aktivasi Terhadap Daya Serap Arang Aktif Tandan Aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr) Dengan Agen Aktivasi Potassium Silicate(K2SiO3)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azam ◽  
Muhammad Anas ◽  
Erniwati Erniwati
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Pyrolysis Reactor

This study aims to determine the effect of variation of activation temperature of activated carbon from sugar palm bunches of chemically activatied with the activation agent of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) on the adsorption capacity of iodine and methylene blue. Activated carbon from bunches of sugar palmacquired in four steps: preparationsteps, carbonizationstepsusing the pyrolysis reactor with temperature of 300 oC - 400 oC for 8 hours and chemical activation using of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) activator in weight ratio of 2: 1 and physical activation using the electric furnace for 30 minutes with temperature variation of600 oC, 650 oC, 700 oC, 750 oC and 800 oC. The iodine and methyleneblue adsorption testedby Titrimetric method and Spectrophotometry methodrespectively. The results of the adsorption of iodine and methylene blue activated carbon from sugar palm bunches increased from 240.55 mg/g and 63.14 mg/g at a temperature of 600 oC to achieve the highest adsorption capacity of 325.80 mg/g and 73.59 mg/g at temperature of 700 oC and decreased by 257.54 mg/g and 52.03 mg/g at a temperature of 800 oCrespectively.However, it does not meet to Indonesia standard (Standard Nasional Indonesia/SNI), which is 750 mg/g and 120 mg/g respectively.

scholarly journals Decoration of Zinc Oxide Nanorods into the Surface of Activated Carbon Obtained from Agricultural Waste for Effective Removal of Methylene Blue Dye

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5667
Author(s):  
Priyanka Shrestha ◽  
Manoj Kumar Jha ◽  
Jeevan Ghimire ◽  
Agni Raj Koirala ◽  
Rajeshwar Man Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Photocatalytic Property ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanorods

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods incorporated activated carbon (AC) composite photocatalyst was synthesized using a hydrothermal process. The AC was prepared from lapsi (Choerospondias axillaris) seed stone, an agricultural waste product, found in Nepal by the chemical activation method. An aqueous suspension of AC with ZnO precursor was subjected to the hydrothermal treatment at 140 °C for 2 h to decorate ZnO rods into the surface of AC. As-obtained ZnO nanorods decorated activated carbon (ZnO/AC) photocatalyst was characterized by various techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Results showed that highly crystalline hexagonal ZnO nanorods were effectively grown on the surface of porous AC. The photocatalytic property of the as-prepared ZnO/AC composite was studied by degrading methylene blue (MB) dye under UV-light irradiation. The ZnO/AC composite showed better photocatalytic property than that of the pristine ZnO nanorods. The enhanced photocatalytic performance in the case of the ZnO/AC composite is attributed to the combined effects of ZnO nanorods and AC.

scholarly journals Orthophosphoric Acid Activated Babul Seed Carbon as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Methylene Blue

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 742-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sujatha ◽  
A. Geetha ◽  
P. Sivakumar ◽  
P. N. Palanisamy
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

An Experimental and theoretical study has been conducted on the adsorption of methylene blue dye using activated carbon prepared from babul seed by chemical activation with orthophosphoric acid. BET surface area of the activated carbon was determined as 1060 m2/g. Adsorption kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics were investigated as a function of initial dye concentration, temperature and pH. First order Lagergren, pseudo-second order and Elovich kinetic models were used to test the adsorption kinetics. Results were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. Based on regression coefficient, the equilibrium data found fitted well to the Langmuir equilibrium model than other models. The characteristics of the prepared activated carbon were found comparable to the commercial activated carbon. It is found that the babul seed activated carbon is very effective for the removal of colouring matter.

scholarly journals Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) nib-based activated carbon treated with hydrochloric acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Sukri Hassan ◽  
Khairul Adli Nikman ◽  
Fisal Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Experimental Isotherm ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorptive Properties

Chemical activation process was applied to prepare a cocoa nib-based activated carbon using potassium carbonate (K2CO3). The performance of the activated carbon in removing Methylene Blue from aqueous solution was investigated by batch adsorption studies. The adsorptive properties were studied in terms of initial concentration (C0: 100-300 mg/L) and contact time effects. The experimental isotherm data fitted well the Langmuir and Temkin models. The adsorption kinetic followed the pseudo-second-order model and Boyd model explained the mechanism of adsorption. The results indicate that the chemically produced activated cocoa nib carbon has significant potential to be used as an adsorbent material for adsorption of Methylene Blue from aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Preparation of activated carbon from banana peel waste for reducing air pollutant from motorcycle muffler

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 01021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Chafidz ◽  
Widi Astuti ◽  
Dhoni Hartanto ◽  
Aulia Septiani Mutia ◽  
Purtiah Rantau Sari
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Ft Ir

The exhaust gas or emission from motor vehicle contains various pollutants and some of them are toxic and very harmful for human health. In the present work, we prepared an activated carbon to reduce the toxic pollutants (via adsorption process) from the exhaust gas of the motor vehicle (particularly motorcycle in this work). The activated carbon was prepared from local banana peel which considered as an agricultural waste without economic value. To prepare the activated carbon, banana peel was carbonized using furnace at 500°C. Then the resulted carbon was activated using chemical activation with ZnCl2 and physical activation with either microwave (300 W) or furnace (700°C). The prepared activated carbon was then characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analysis. The SEM result showed that the pore of microwave induced ZnCl2 activated carbon (ACM) was larger than the pore of virgin char/carbon and furnace induced ZnCl2 activataed carbon (ACF). The FT-IR spectrum of ACM showed some peaks at 3408.59 cm-1, 1589.25 cm-1, and 1093.63 cm-1. They are assigned to O-H stretching, C=O stretching, and C-OH stretching. Additionally, the adsorption performance of the prepared activation carbon to reduce the pollutants concentration (i.e. CO and CH) from the exhaust gas of motor vehicle was investigated. The results showed that the activated carbon induced by microwave and ZnCl2 activation (ACM) gave the best result. The adsorption or removal efficiency of gas CO reached approximately 97.64 %vol.

scholarly journals Removal of methylene blue using activated carbon prepared from date stones activated with NaOH

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Order Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

<p>Synthetic dyes have a hurtful effect on human health and the environment. In this work, activated carbon was produced from date stones for use in elimination of methylene blue charged in aqueous solutions. Before that, the adsorbent was characterized by BET method, SEM, X-ray and TGA. The results of the adsorption kinetics are describe better with the pseudo-second order model (R2= 0.998). Frendlich adsorption isotherm model describe better the experimental data than the Langmuir model. The capacity for methylene blue removal was found to be 163.67 mg/g. Batch experiments studies show that the activated carbon produced as of date stones can be used effectively in the treatment of cationic dyes in aqueous solutions.</p>

scholarly journals Low Cost Activated Carbon for Removal of NOM and DBPs: Optimization and Comparison

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2244
Author(s):  
Hoda Tafvizi ◽  
Shakhawat Chowdhury ◽  
Tahir Husain
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Paper Company ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Small Water Systems

Higher concentrations of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in small water systems have been a challenge. Adsorption by tailored activated carbon (AC), developed from waste materials of a pulp and paper company using optimization of chemical activation by nitric acid followed by physical activation and metal coating, was tested for the removal of natural organic matter from water using synthetic and natural water. AC was coated with aluminum and iron salts in a ratio of 0.25 to 10.0% of metal: AC (wt: wt%). The optimization of dosage, pH, and time was performed to achieve the highest adsorption capacity. The modified AC of 0.75% Fe-AC and 1.0% Al-AC showed 35–44% improvement in DOC removal from natural water. An enhancement of 40.7% in THMs removal and 77.1% in HAAs removal, compared to non-modified, AC were achieved. The pseudo-second order was the best fitted kinetic model for DOC removal, representing a physiochemical mechanism of adsorption.

scholarly journals Removal of Methylene Blue by Adsorption onto Activated Carbon From Coconut Shell (Cocous Nucifera L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifki Husnul Khuluk ◽  
Ali Rahmat ◽  
Buhani Buhani ◽  
Suharso Suharso
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Isotherm Adsorption ◽  
Coconut Shells

This research has been conducted on process of production activated carbon from coconut shells, which are activated both physics and chemistry to improve the adsorption of methylene blue. The process of physical activation was done by burning the coconut shell using a furnace at a temperature of 700°C. The chemical activation was done using H3PO4 activator. The result of activated carbon physical activation (CAP) has a greater absorbency than activated carbon chemical activation (CAC) with each of the absorption of methylene blue at 99.42 and 98.64%. Analysis of surface morphology on the adsorbent was performed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). SEM results indicated that (CAP) has a surface morphology that is relatively similar to commercial activated carbon (CACm). Adsorption test was conducted on the determination of the optimum pH, adsorption rate, and isotherm adsorption of methylene blue. The results of the optimum pH on CAC, CAP, and CACm respectively obtained at pH 8 and the optimum contact time is obtained respectively at 40, 60, and 80 minutes. Adsorption kinetics data of methylene blue on CACm, CAP, and CAC tend to follow the pseudo second order kinetics with a correlation coefficient (R2) is 0.937; 0.950; and 0.999, respectively. Adsorption isotherm of methylene blue on CACm, CAP, and CAC tend to follow the model of Freundlich isotherms.

scholarly journals Laboratory solid waste from practical activity as activated carbon precursor for reducing methylene blue in the laboratory wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Aninda Tifani Puari
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Basic Biology

Activated carbon (AC) from agricultural waste has become one promising way to produce AC regarding to low price of the precursor and its effect to environment. In this research, the solid waste from the basic biology practical in UPT. Basic and Central Laboratory, Andalas University (Unand) was utilized as the precursor for producing low price AC. The activation was done by chemical activation using three different activating agents which were zink chloride (ZnCl2), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), potassium hydroxide (KOH). The carbonization process was done at temperature of 700°C. The precursor and three different AC after activation were characterized using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to examine  the functional group and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe the pores structure. The adsorption efficiency (AE) of each AC on methylene blue (MB) contained in laboratory wastewater was examined through adsorption process with retention time of 30 minutes at room temperature and neutral pH. SEM analysis showed that the three activating agents were resulting in higher surface area and more pores were formed. The highest AE of MB from laboratory wastewater for each AC were 97,5 %, 96,31%, and 90,79 for KOH, , ZnCl2, and H3PO4, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest adsorption capacity was achieved by AC through KOH activation with 0,003 mg/g

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