scholarly journals Influence Of Optimism Upon The Accumulation Of Stress, Mental State And Perceived Risks For The Future Of Students, In The Conditions Of Covid–19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (6s) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Valeri Stoyanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Naval Academy ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Negative Expectations

An empirical psychological study was conducted with students from Nikola Vaptsarov Naval Academy, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The aim of the research was to test the role of optimism on the accumulation of stress in the conditions of pandemic of COVID-19, their mental states, experiences in connection with social isolation and perceived risks for the future and career. It has been found that optimism, as a generalized personal expectation, has a strong buffering effect on the impact of accumulated pandemic stress on students’ emotional states. Negative expectations do not have a significant effect on the emotional state. Optimism and negative expectations have no effect on fears for the future and perceived risks for young people as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Obviously, other personal and social factors determine the negative expectations for the acquired competencies during distance learning – online, as well as for more difficult careers and career problems for this reason. More pronounced negative expectations make it more difficult for students to tolerate social isolation, while optimism has no statistically significant impact on social isolation experiences during a pandemic. Students with more optimism perceive their mental state as stable, good, while those with reduced optimism and more pronounced negative expectations as shaky, depressed. The results of the study suggest the need for additional activity of higher education institutions in such conditions to support and advise students.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE MENTAL STATE OF STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF ONLINE EDUCATION DURING THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 2705-2710
Author(s):  
Larysa L. Borysenko ◽  
Larysa V. Korvat ◽  
Olga V. Lovka ◽  
Antonina M. Lovochkina ◽  
Oksana P. Serhieienkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Prolonged Stay

The aim: Exploring the specifics of the underlying mental states of university students in the context of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and identifying their relationship to mental health. Materials and methods: The study of mental states was carried out using three valid methods, namely: a clinical questionnaire for the detection and evaluation of neurotic states (K. Yakhin, D. Mendelevich), a questionnaire for diagnosing the level of social frustration (L. Wasserman, adaptation of V. Bojko), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (Ch. Spielberger, adaptation by Yu. Khanin). The author’s questionnaire (L. Borysenko) was used to study the connection between the factors of online learning and emotional states of students. The obtained empirical data were subjected to qualitative and quantitative processing. Results: The analysis of the obtained data allows to state the fact of predominance of high and increased level of situational and personal anxiety in the subjects in the conditions of online learning. In the process of psychodiagnosis of neurotic states, it was found that most students have a level of painful or borderline mental conditions such as anxiety, neurotic depression, asthenia and autonomic disorders. It was found that students have an elevated level and high level of social frustration. The main factors of online learning, which, according to students, cause them to deteriorate mental health are: forced to stay in a confined space, lack of direct social contacts, prolonged stay in a static position, increased study load and volume of tasks, anxiety for academic success and quality professional training, concern for their health and the health of their loved ones. Conclusions: The forced transition to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the mental state of many students. In most respondents, this manifested itself in increased anxiety, depression, autonomic reactions due to limited opportunities to communicate with teachers and classmates, new learning conditions and increased workload.

scholarly journals The mental state of population of cities and towns during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Edigareva ◽  
◽  
Yuliya Makarevskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All

In late 2019 - early 2020, the world was faced with a massive infection of COVID-19. The spread of the disease was quite high and affected almost all countries of the world. The infection was transmitted in a severe form, and therefore there were many deaths. Undoubtedly, the situation affected the mental state of people in many regions of the world and our country. Therefore, the aim of our research was to study the mental state of residents of cities and towns during the COVID-19. We assumed that during the spread of COVID-19 across Russia, the indicators of mental states, namely "frustration", "neurotization" and "energy" in cities and towns, will differ. However, the level of "anxiety" will not have significant differences. Particular hypotheses: the level of "frustration" will be higher in big cities, "neurotization" and "energy" will have a higher rate in small towns. The following methods were used in the research: Eysenck H.J. «Scale of mental states, Boyko V.V. «Method of neurotization diagnostics», method "Self-assessment of emotional states" A. Wessman and D. Ricks, nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. The research involved 83 people, 44 people lives in large cities, 39 – lives in small, 16 – males, 67 – females. Age: from 13 to 74. According to the results of the work, the hypothesis of the same level of anxiety in both groups was fully confirmed. The differences in the level of frustration and neurotization were not statistically confirmed. The hypothesis of a higher level of "energy" in regions with a small population was partially confirmed.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF SPORTS ON PARALYMPIC ATHLETES’ PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Oleg Kokun ◽  
Ingrida Baranauskienė ◽  
Oleksandr Shamych
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Impact

One of the most effective ways of integrating people with disabilities into society and ensuring their comprehensive personal development is to engage people with disabilities into Paralympic Games. Such engagement creates the necessary conditions to socialize people with disabilities, to adapt their physical and mental states to existing living conditions, to ease negative manifestations of their psycho-emotional states, to promote their self-realization. The article presents the results of the research determining the impact of sports on Paralympic athletes’ personal development. The comparison of the indicators of psychological well-being and hardiness of Paralympic athletes with normative values, the indicators shown by students without disabilities and students with disabilities has confirmed proven clear positive influence of sports on Paralympic athletes’ personal development. In particular, Paralympic athletes achieve an optimal level of psychological well-being and a significant increase in all psychological hardiness components.

LGBT Seniors in the Pandemic: Silenced and Vulnerable

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-281
Author(s):  
Carey Candrian ◽  
Janelle Sills ◽  
Jane Lowers
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Future ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) seniors face disparities in physical and mental health as well as high rates of social isolation and risk of discrimination in comparison to cisgender, heterosexual people. Having identities and experiences silenced by real or perceived risks of discrimination increases isolation and vulnerability for marginalized communities and individuals. This article presents the case of Janelle, a senior, transgender lesbian, and her experiences of isolation and intersecting disparities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how those experiences shape her concerns about the future. Her experiences demonstrate the ways in which the health and social risks presented by the pandemic exacerbate preexisting vulnerabilities for older LGBT adults.

Being on trial

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-84
Author(s):  
Laura Kounine
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Witch Trials ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
Harm To Others ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gendered Expectations

This chapter examines the legal, communal, and individual understandings of witchcraft. Witchcraft, at its most fundamental, involves wishing harm to others. It thus centrally concerns the impact of emotional states on physical ones. In a court of law, since physical evidence of witchcraft was highly ambiguous, interrogators, accusers, and witnesses had to search for other signs to prove the accused guilty. How did they behave during a trial? What did their physical features and reactions reveal about their emotional states? How was someone’s physical and mental state utilized in the courtroom as ‘proof’ of their supposed transgressions? By comparing how mind and body were understood in both male and female witch-trials, this chapter sheds light on broader understandings of gendered expectations of emotional repertoires, as well as cultural, legal, and medical notions of what constituted innocence, guilt, and the ‘truth’.

scholarly journals The McGill Face Database: validation and insights into the recognition of facial expressions of complex mental states

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Schmidtmann ◽  
Ben J. Jennings ◽  
Dasha A. Sandra ◽  
Jordan Pollock ◽  
Ian Gold
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Side View ◽  
Face Database ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Wide Range

Current databases of facial expressions of mental states typically represent only a small subset of expressions, usually covering the basic emotions (fear, disgust, surprise, happiness, sadness, and anger). To overcome these limitations, we introduce a new database of pictures of facial expressions reflecting the richness of mental states. 93 expressions of mental states were interpreted by two professional actors and high-quality pictures were taken under controlled conditions in front and side view. The database was validated with two different experiments (N=65). First, a four-alternative forced choice paradigm was employed to test the ability of participants to correctly select a term associated with each expression. In a second experiment, we employed a paradigm that did not rely on any semantic information. The task was to locate each face within a two-dimensional space of valence and arousal (mental state – space) employing a “point-and-click” paradigm. Results from both experiments demonstrate that subjects can reliably recognize a great diversity of emotional states from facial expressions. Interestingly, while subjects’ performance was better for front view images, the advantage over the side view was not dramatic. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the high degree of accuracy human viewers exhibit when identifying complex mental states from only partially visible facial features. The McGill Face Database provides a wide range of facial expressions that can be linked to mental state terms and can be accurately characterized in terms of arousal and valence.

Social Isolation Impact on the Level of Resilience of the Students in „Nikola Vaptzarov“ Naval Academy – Varna

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Rositsa Nedeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Naval Academy ◽  
Office Environment ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Military

COVID 19 closed the people in their homes but for a small part of the society the period of isolation has passed in a learning and office environment. What are the effects of the social isolation on people – we will find out. How the environment – parents, friends, society, colleagues, influences on the successful dealing with stress and how it helps personal sustainability, we will know in the future. During the research we will see the dynamics in the resilience levels of the cadets before, during and after the quarantine. The results will show us how the military environment helps the cadets to deal with the negative sides of the social isolation. The development of resilience will be monitored as an ability of selfregulation in a moments of crisis.

Live through of the Students in the Conditions of Pandemic of Covid - 19

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-171
Author(s):  
Valeri Stoyanov
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
The Other ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Using the methodological approach of qualitative research to conduct empirical research in the social sciences, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on students' experiences of the present and their projections for the future is revealed. The results show that many of them find positives from social isolation in the opportunity to pay more attention to the people important to them and to work more purposefully on their own development. On the other hand, serious fears are revealed, the main of which is for the health and life of their loved ones, as well as for the future, for their career development and realization. They find it difficult to tolerate social isolation and most of them experience their mental state as shaky, as depressed. In general, students have a negative attitude towards distance learning – online, considering it inferior to face-to-face training and assess this training as a risk to their professional development and subsequent realization in the labor market.

scholarly journals Coping with Fear and Sadness During a Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Good News ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Social Experiment ◽  
Work In Progress ◽  
The Impact

As a result of this pandemic, we are all serving in an enormous social experiment thatwill allow researchers to determine the impact of chronic fear, countless losses, social isolation, andsignificant disruption of people’s day to day lives.We are concerned that if this is left unattended, themental health impact of these factors may be disastrous. The good news is that we have effectivestrategies to help individuals manage negative emotional states.All of the strategies that we are outlining in this document are taken from evidence-based psychologicaltreatments for individuals with anxiety disorders and depression. Thus, there is no reason to expect thatthese strategies cannot be equally useful for those suffering from similar emotional states secondary tothe challenges associated with the COVID crisis.Typically, when we produce a paper in academics, we spend months planning, writing, and reviewing itbefore making it available to others.Given the current rapidly evolving crisis we do not have time forthat.As a result, we are doing something highly unusual - releasing a work in progress that is likely todevelop over the next several months as we learn more about the impact of the COVID crisis on mentalhealth. The first version, released last week on 4/6/20, was produced in two days.The second versionwas produced in nine days. We know it is not perfect, but still believe it can be useful and thus is worthreleasing before it meets our standard -- but is too late.Please note that the second version has been substantially improved.Most of the areas covered in thefirst version have been edited, many new areas have been added (these are noted in the table ofcontents).And perhaps equally important, the document and website have

scholarly journals Cultural development of empathy-identification and empathy-modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Veronika V. Nourkova
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
Dynamic Representation

Background. The article develops the concept of the originality of the functions, structure and genesis of empathy-identification (EI) and empathy-modeling (EM). EI is viewed as a psychological tool for organizing joint activities such as a mono-role coalition, which has developed in anthropogenesis, and consists in the ability to appropriate the emotional states of another person. In contrast, EM is a cultural technology for maintaining joint activity such as poly-role coordination, which requires the subject of activity to create and maintain in consciousness a dynamic representation of the mental state of another person while maintaining the authenticity of awareness of his own mental state. A consequence of the conceptual separation of EO and EM is the provision of two non-matching lines of their development in ontogenesis. Objective. The aim of the article is to explicate the qualitative uniqueness of EI and EM as higher mental functions in relation to the social situation of their development and the arsenal of ideal forms, cultural means and technologies that set the content and trajectory of this development. Design. From the standpoint of cultural-evolutionary and activity-based approaches, a conceptual analysis of literature relevant to the connotative field of the proposed constructs of EI (affective empathy, emotional contamination, emotional mimicry, imitation) and EM (theory of the mental, everyday psychology, mentalization, emotional intelligence) as well as the analysis of EI and EM constructs from the point of view of cultural determination of their development in ontogenesis was performed. Results. It has been substantiated that EI is formed in the process of dyadic joint experience with an adult of various mental states, which an adult presents first in a visual way, and then verbally. Further development of EI takes place in play activities that include imagination. EI rarely reaches the level of complete voluntary regulation and needs to rely on external cultural means. EM is derived from the dialogical nature of human thinking. In ontogeny, EM is formed along two converging lines. On the one hand, mastering the mental vocabulary serves as the basis of “emotional literacy”, and, on the other hand, EM is the result of the interiorization of a specific social and communicative position — the autonomization of an adult as a mental agent in the third person. The role-playing game with the subjective “animation” of the toy is of particular importance for the development of EM. At an older age, various forms of dramatization, in particular theatrical activity, act as cultural practices for the development of EM. Conclusions. The results of the work showed that EI and EM have different sources, driving forces, ideal forms and socio-cultural technologies of formation. The originality of the lines of cultural determination of the development of EI and EM is associated with the difference in their functional role in organizing joint activities.

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