scholarly journals A EXPLORAÇÃO MINERAL E O DESENVOLVIMENTO PARANAENSE: O SETOR DE CALCÁRIO NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE CURITIBA

2003 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio M. A. Rebelo ◽  
Sandra Boeira Guimarães ◽  
José Manoel Dos Reis Neto
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
The State ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
State Development ◽  
Adequate Supply ◽  
Mineral Sector ◽  
Structural Problems

A importância do estágio atual e futuro de desenvolvimento do Paraná, de um “suprimento adequado” de insumos minerais é discutida frente a atual estrutura do setor mineral e possíveis demandas vindouras da indústria de transformação. Pela análise do segmento de calcário na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba - RMC, “carro-chefe” do setor mineral paranaense, verifica-se que há um descompasso entre o desenvolvimento deste setor e o do moderno parque industrial do estado. Entraves à evolução são devidos principalmente à insuficiência e dispersão do conhecimento geocientífico e tecnológico sobre os distritos mineiros, especialmente seus minérios e o meio físico envolvente, além dos conflitos ambientais e da disputa pelos territórios. A nova realidade de mercado exige políticas atualizadas para o setor mineral, incluindo legislações objetivas e coerentes e estruturas institucionais modernas e descentralizadas. Os pesquisadores, empreendedores e autoridades de planejamento e fiscalização deveriam dispor de: (a) documentação técnico-científica básica adequada; (b) sistemas de informações consolidados; (c) infra-estrutura física e (d) acesso a financiamentos. Tal base de apoio deverá permitir às autoridades ambientais e planejadores afiançar a segurança ambiental dos empreendimentos mineiros e seu desenvolvimento em harmonia com os demais tipos de ocupação do território. Conclui-se, então, que o poder público deve urgentemente criar as “condições básicas necessárias” para que o setor mineral paranaense possa se modernizar, diversificar e ampliar, integrando-se na nova realidade industrial paranaense. MINERAL EXPLORATION AND PARANA STATE DEVELOPMENT: THE CALCAREOUS ROCK SECTOR IN CURITIBA METROPOLITAN REGION Extended Abstract The importance for the current and future apprenticeship of Parana’s State development of “adequate supply” of mineral resources is discussed, facing the current mineral sector structure and possible demands generated by the State’s industrial evolution (Fig. 1). The mineral resources are the basic raw materials for the transformation industry, participating in a diversified range of industrial segments (Fig. 2). It can accumulate expressive values throughout a determined processing technological route which brings about important consequences for the economies in which it participates. In spite of the progress of globalization of the markets in the last decade, one the main vectors of the foreign policy of the developed countries is to guarantee the supply of strategic mineral resources for their economies. In Parana State, the largest geological vocation and production concerns the industrial rocks and minerals, highlighting calcareous rocks (Fig. 3), talc ores, ornamental rocks, clays, industrial sands, and attachés (sand and gravel). The Curitiba Metropolitan Region (CMR) is the main are exploiting and processing calcareous rocks, occupying the first place in domestic production (Fig. 4). Like wise, through the analysis of the calcareous rocks segment in CMR, a “driving force” of Parana’s mineral industry, the main are exploiting structural problems that inhibit the sector modernization were analyzed (Fig. 5) and suggested measures to minimize or eliminate them. Aspects were focused regarding the foreseen ability for the supplies, price and quality of the resources, as well as to the sustainability of this industrial segment face to the modern technological and environmental questions and of territorial occupation (Tab. 1). Considering the current profile and dimension of the mineral sector comparatively to the evolution and complexity already reached by Parana transformation industry, there is a contrasting difference between the development of that sector and current industrial park of the State. It is known that the geoscientific and technological existent knowledge on ores exploitation and routes for mineral processing are located in insufficient levels and dispersed, not configuring density for the growth, diversification and modernization of the sector (Tab. 2). Most enterprises will not reach competitive efficiency levels (Fig. 6), which is reflected in the quantity and quality of the exploited ores and produced resources. In the case of CMR, besides the mining conflicts versus environment, the pressures of the urban expansion on sites traditionally reserved for mining are evident. With such a knowledge and problems, allied to the current management and operational organization it is very unlikely to overcome the barriers of sustainable sector development. Impediments are due mainly to: (a) lack of geoscientific and technological knowledge about the mining districts, especially their ores and the involving landscapes and (b) environmental conflicts and the dispute for territories (Fig. 5). To accelerate the insertion of the mineral sector of Paraná in the new reality of the markets, impelling its modernization, expansion and competitiveness, the existence of updated policies are necessary including objective and coherent legislations and modern institutional structures. The State should provide to researchers, entrepreneurs, planning and inspecting authorities: (a) adequate basic technical-scientific documentation, (b) consolidated information systems, (c) physical infrastructure and (d) fundings access (Fig. 7). Such policies, essential to the planning and integrated development of the State, should be translated to programs and projects multi and inter-institutional, seeking for existent productive chains (Fig. 8). The focus of the actions should be the knowledge and valve of mineral raw materials, seeking to enlarge and diversify their technological and marketing possibilities. The knowledge deptal on the landscapes allied to the planning of the geographical space will allow to the authorities and planners to secure the environmental safety of the mining enterprises and their development in harmony with other types of territorial occupation. It is concluded, then, that the State should urgently create the “necessary basic conditions” so that the Parana mineral sector should be modernized, diversified and grown. The public policies should have in the “adequate supply” of mineral goods, strategic elements for the development of the State.

scholarly journals PROSPECTS FOR RATIONAL USE OF MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE DZHAKSY-KLYCH DEPOSIT, THE ARAL REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (443) ◽  
pp. 196-203
Author(s):  
Bishimbayev V.K., ◽  
◽  
Issayeva A.U., ◽  
Nowak I., A. ◽  
Serzhanov G., ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Chloride ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Halophilic Bacteria ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
The State ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Wide Range

Rational use of mineral resources is becoming an important task for the development and economic growth of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the research was to study the state of salt-containing raw materials to determine the prospects for rational use of mineral resources of the Dzhaksy-Klych Deposit, one of the salty halite lakes of the Aral region. Exploration studies have shown that the Deposit is layered, where the halite layer is underlain by a sulfate layer: astrakhanite, mirabilite, tenardite, located on a layer of silt, the bed of salt deposits is dark brown clays, less often - clay Sands. Mineralogically, the halite formation is represented by, %: halite – 90-96, epsomite -1,2-2,6, mirabilite -0,2-1,9, gypsum-0,2-1,4. The production of table salt results in waste containing 65.5% chlorides, 24.5% sulfates, 6.5% sodium carbonates, and 3.5% sodium silicates, which can be used for pharmaceutical and medical purposes. Bottom silty mud by its origin and chemical composition belongs to the mainland silt-sulfide type and can be used for Spa and balneological treatment. The reserves of sulphate salts in the field are significant, with the average thickness of the sulphate reservoir in the southern basin being 0.87 m, and in the Northern basin 0.91 m. Intergranular and surface brine containing sodium and magnesium chloride-sulfate salts is of particular interest. Analysis of the state of mineral resources of the Dzhaksy-Klych Deposit revealed prerequisites for expanding the range of opportunities for using salt-containing raw materials. A promising direction for the development of the mineral resource base is the production of soda based on sodium chloride, as well as the production of a commercial product based on sodium sulfate and magnesium chloride. Microbiological examination showed the presence of non-pathogenic forms of halophilic bacteria in the salt-containing raw materials, which indicates safety for use in pharmaceutical and medical practice. In the Aral sea region, there is every reason for the development of the cosmetology industry, where a wide range of cosmetology and pharmaceutical products can be produced based on a combination of salt-containing and local vegetable raw materials.

scholarly journals UNDERGROUND DEVELOPMENT OF ORE DEPOSITS WITH CONSERVATION OF THE GROUND SURFACE

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
V. I. Golik ◽  
V. V. Vernigor ◽  
V. B. Kelekhsaev ◽  
Yu. Mystrov
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. In a market economy of particular importance are indicators of the quality of raw materials. Loss and decontamination of ores can be achieved by controlling stresses and strains using the residual bearing capacity of the fractured rocks with the primary condition of preserving the earth's surface of destruction. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the rational parameters of the technology of the geodynamic safety criterion. The goal is achieved by solving a complex of production due to technical problems, ensuring the correctness of the results, the assessment of geomechanical condition before the development of preventive measures of the impact of mining operations on the environment. Methods. Research methods include system and analysis of theory and practice results, experimental research and scientific forecasting. Results. The value of the criterion of optimum processing technology in the form of preservation of the earth's surface of destruction, such as guarantees of contact of the zone of destruction of the massif of mining, the zone of living matter, flora, fauna and Humans. A detailed understanding of the mechanism of interaction of the structural blocks of a discrete gravitational-tectonic-structural field. The mechanism of manifestation of the residual bearing capacity of the destroyed structural rock separations, the limitation of the degree value, the optimization of the mixture strength and the size of the pillars, the creation of geomechanical balanced segments with the minimization of the costs of the earth's surface condition control are specified. The proposed classification of methods of calculation of extent of the flat roof. The given classification of the methods of array management differs from the assessment of the state of the developed space during the work, after the end of the redemption, and not during the cleaning dredging. An example of the earth's surface conservation is given for the development of a flat-falling field, preserving the earth's surface without filling voids. Conclusion. The processes of control of the state of the masses and the earth's surface are their equivalent, which allows monitoring of the development of the field at all stages of the enterprise's existence. The use of geomechanical factors for the organization of mineral raw materials, mining tool for the implementation of resource-saving and environmental protection trends of mining production and reserve to improve the quality of the extracted ores when to ensure the competitiveness of the enterprise.

scholarly journals The characteristics of vibration disease of miners in conditions of modern technologies of mining ore raw materials in the Kola High North

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Syurin ◽  
V. V. Shilov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Labor Conditions ◽  
Vibration Disease ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Medical Examinations ◽  
Modern Technologies

The study was carried out to analyze characteristics of development of vibration disease in miners of mineral resources' industry enterprises of the Kola High North in 1989-2013. Altogether, in miners of 16 professions 509 cases of primarily diagnosed vibration disease were established that amounted to 22.5% of all cases of occupational diseases. The vibration disease ranked second place in the structure of occupational pathology after diseases of musculo-skeletal system. During the analyzed period, the following characteristics of vibration pathology were established: 1. significant increasing of prevalence of vibration disease (especially in 2004-2013); 2. increasing among patients with vibration disease number of workers mainly involved into loading delivering operations (from 19,3% to 62,6%) and decreasing of percentage of workers involved into sinking and drilling operations; 3. increasing up to 11.1 years of duration of labor experience until moment of primary detection of vibration disease; 4. increasing from 7,7% to 69,5% of percentage of expressed clinical forms of vibration disease (vibration disease stage II) and decreasing of percentage of vibration disease with initial clinical manifestations of vibration disease (vibration disease stage I) among primarily diagnosed cases. Therefore, implementation of modern mining engineering with decreased levels of vibration and application of modern techniques of early diagnostic and prevention of vibration pathology and also organizational activities targeted to decreasing of level of impact of hazardous industrial factors resulted in no decreasing of risk of development of vibration disease in miners of mineral resources' industry enterprises of the Kola High North. The obtained data testify that statistical indices ofprevalence and severity of vibration pathology depend on interaction of many differently directed factors. Among these factors are labor conditions, level of medical preventive activities, quality of medical examinations and expertise decisions concerning relationship between health disorders and labor conditions, motivation to continue labor activity, etc.

scholarly journals Analysis of the state and development opportunities of hospitality industry on the example of Sergiivka resort (Ukraine)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4(61)) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Tetiana Lebedenko ◽  
Tatiana Nikitchina ◽  
Hanna Shunko ◽  
Viktoriia Kozhevnikova
Keyword(s):  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Health Tourism ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Effective Use

The object of research is the hospitality industry in the context of the recovery of the industry and the fight against the effects of the pandemic. The development of domestic tourism and local destinations is considered one of the most effective ways to restore the industry. At the same time, experts recommended that the greatest attention be paid to health tourism and ecotourism. The analysis of the potential of the institutions of the sanatorium-resort direction and the study of the problems of the development of the sphere of hospitality were considered on the example of the resort of Sergiivka, Odessa region of Ukraine. In the course of the study of the state of the resort base of the region, methods of comparative analysis, generalization and systematization of information about the natural-climatic, social and other resources of the region, the state of hospitality institutions and sanatorium-resort complexes were used. Strengths and challenges were identified that hinder their effective use. So, Sergiivka is considered one of the largest seaside resorts in the region, which is located in the beach area and has a good climate, environmental friendliness and significant balneological resources. However, the problematic issues are the underdeveloped infrastructure of the resort, the level of service that requires improvement, the quality of the room stock, the work of restaurants and the organization of recreation. The studies carried out indicate the importance of developing measures for the reconstruction of most powerful establishments of the hotel and restaurant and sanatorium business. The need to create comfortable living conditions in accordance with world standards, to improve the range and quality of services, in particular, to organize leisure for adults and children, was noted. One of the recommended directions is to expand the range of services in the SPA and Wellness directions, which will allow more efficient use of the healing, restorative and health-improving resources of the balneological resort. Organic production and ecotransformation are also considered priority innovative areas of development. It is promising to use the agro-industrial potential of the region for the production of organic, environmentally friendly food products from local raw materials, as well as the introduction of more environmentally friendly and resource-efficient technologies.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Rarity and Recyclability of Raw Materials in the Energy Transition: The Need for an In-Spiral Economy

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Valero ◽  
Alicia Valero
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Advanced Economy

This paper presents a thermodynamic vision of the depletion of mineral resources. It demonstrates how raw materials can be better assessed using exergy, based on thermodynamic rarity, which considers scarcity in the crust and energy requirements for extracting and refining minerals. An exergy analysis of the energy transition reveals that, to approach a decarbonized economy by 2050, mineral exergy must be greater than that of fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and even all renewables. This is because clean technologies require huge amounts of many different raw materials. The rapid exhaustion of mines necessitates an increase in recycling and reuse, that is, a “circular economy”. As seen in the automobile industry, society is far removed from closing even the first cycle, and absolute circularity does not exist. The Second Law dictates that, in each cycle, some quantity and quality of materials is unavoidably lost (there are no circles, but spirals). For a rigorous recyclability analysis, we elaborate the exergy indicators to be used in the assessment of the true circularity of recycling processes. We aim to strive toward an advanced economy focused on separating techniques and promoting circularity audits, an economy that inspires new solutions: an in-spiral economy.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL PROVISION OF GEOLOGICAL STUDY AND USE OF SUBSOIL: NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL EXPLORATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
A. Balega ◽  
S. Vyzhva ◽  
M. Kurylo
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
The State ◽  
State Service ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
State Financing ◽  
Special Competence ◽  
Mineral Base

The national experience of institutional support for the study and use of subsoil are defined. The subjects of interaction in the sphere of geological mining use are defined, the mechanism of interaction is shown. The institutional provision of the study and use of subsoil is divided into three blocks of influence: institutions of general competence, inter-sectoral institutions of special competence and sectoral institutions of special competence. The role of the State Service of Geology and Mineral Resources of Ukraine in the system of institutional support of geological study and use of subsoil is determined. The structure of the State Service of Geology and Mineral Resources of Ukraine was systematized and the basic functions and directions of activity are defined. It is revealed that state financing of development of mineral base of Ukraine takes place through the system of enterprises and organizations belonging to the State Service of Geology and Mineral Resources of Ukraine. The structure and features of geological services in Germany, Poland and Australia were investigated. In the course of this analysis, a number of typical and a number of distinctive functions were identified for the geological services of the above mentioned countries. The State Service of Geology and Mineral Resources of Ukraine does not provide a number of key and progressive functions in the field of geological study and use of subsoil, such as: monitoring the state of the market of mineral resources, popularization of the mineral raw materials complex and enhancement of the investment attractiveness of the mineral base of Ukraine. It is concluded that for the introduction of foreign experience, changes should be made to the structure of the State Service of Geology and Mineral Resources of Ukraine. The study of the functional experience and the role of geological services in Australia and Germany testify to the effectiveness of regional geological services in the development of mineral base of these countries. Since the decentralization process in Ukraine has not been completed, experience in providing broad powers to local government bodies, a mineral base cannot be easy implemented.

scholarly journals Development of Technology and Composition of the Medicinal Product for Oral Cavity Based on Phytosubstances

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
O. N. Abrosimova ◽  
N. S. Pivovarova ◽  
M. A. Burakova ◽  
T. S. Shebitchenko
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Wet Masses

Introduction. Treatment and prevention of diseases of the oral mucosa is one of the priority tasks in dentistry. In practice, antibacterial agents are often used in the complex treatment of inflammatory and destructive processes. However, long-term, uncontrolled usage of such drugs leads to numerous complications: drug tolerance, weakening of the therapeutic effect, dysbiosis of the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, etc. Therefore, at present, the question of search for alternative to antibiotic therapy remains open. As an alternative, it is necessary considering the usage of effective and safe herbal medicines that are easy to digest, less toxic, practically do not cause side effects and allergic reactions, and have a light regulating and normalizing effect.Aim. The aim of the present study is to develop the composition and technology of effervescent granules for the preparation of a solution for rinsing the oral cavity based on phytosubstances.Materials and methods. Dry extracts were obtained from medicinal plant materials: medicinal sage leaves, medicinal calendula flowers, yarrow herb, medicinal rhizomes and roots and astragalus woolly herb. Sodium carbonate, citric acid, anhydrous, microcrystalline cellulose – 90 (EMCOCEL®90M), povidone (Plasdone™ K-29/32) and calcium stearate were used as auxiliary substances in the granule technology. In laboratory conditions, granules based on phytoextracts were obtained by pressing wet masses. Numerical indicators of medicinal plant raw materials, technological properties of dry extracts and granules, as well as indicators of the quality of granules were determined according to the methods described in the State Pharmacopoeia XIV.Results and discussion. The numerical indicators of medicinal plant raw materials (grinding of raw materials and the content of impurities, total ash in medicinal plant materials and ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid, humidity, content of extractives) were determined and the good quality of the raw materials used in the subsequent stages of drug development was confirmed. Dry extracts from each type of medicinal plant raw materials have been developed and the technological properties of dry extracts have been determined. The composition and technology of effervescent granules by pressing wet masses has been developed. To improve the flowability and reduce the hygroscopicity of the granulated material, microcrystalline cellulose – 90 (EMCOCEL®90M) was used as a filler. To create an effervescent dosage form, citric acid and sodium bicarbonate were added to the granules. The mass for granulation was moistened with a 10% alcohol-water solution of Plasdone™ K-29/32. A draft specification of quality indicators for effervescent granules based on phytoextracts is proposed.Conclusion. In the course of the research work, the numerical indicators of medicinal plant raw materials were determined and its quality was confirmed, which made it possible to use it for further production of dry extracts. The extraction conditions were selected for each type of raw material, dry extracts were developed, and quality indicators were determined in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIV. Excipients were selected taking into account the properties of dry extracts, the composition and technology of effervescent granules based on phytoextracts was developed, a draft specification for effervescent granules was proposed in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIV.

scholarly journals Modelling the Demand and Access of Mineral Resources in a Changing World

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Olivier Vidal ◽  
Hugo Le Boulzec ◽  
Baptiste Andrieu ◽  
François Verzier
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Technological Improvement ◽  
Supply Capacity ◽  
Thermodynamic Limits ◽  
Technological Improvements

Humanity is using mineral resources at an unprecedented level and demand will continue to grow over the next few decades before stabilizing by the end of the century, due to the economic development of populated countries and the energy and digital transitions. The demand for raw materials must be estimated with a bottom-up and regionalised approach and the supply capacity with approaches coupling long-term prices with energy and production costs controlled by the quality of the resource and the rate of technological improvement that depends on thermodynamic limits. Such modelling provides arguments in favour of two classically opposed visions of the future of mineral resources: an unaffordable increase in costs and prices following the depletion of high quality deposits or, on the contrary, a favourable compensation by technological improvements. Both views are true, but not at the same time. After a period of energy and production cost gains, we now appear to be entering a pivotal period of long-term production cost increases as we approach the minimum practical energy and thermodynamic limits for many metals.

scholarly journals STATE AND PERSPECTIVES MINERAL AND RAW MATERIALS BASE OF URANIUM ORE OF UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
O. A. Lysenko ◽  
A. Kh. Bakarzhyiev
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
The State ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Energy Independence ◽  
Power Needs

The state of the created uranium raw material base, which is the basis of nuclear energy of Ukraine, is characterized. The structure of reserves and resources of uranium ores of domestic objects is analyzed. The state balance accounts for 17 deposits, most of which are represented by low-yield albite-type ores. The level of industrial development of explored uranium-containing objects is considered. At present, the mining industry exploits 4 objects of uranium-sodium formations, which provide only a share of the state’s nuclear power needs. National plans and programs foresee an increase in annual extraction of uranium ores to 3520 thousand tons. Such pace of explored stocks will last for at least 50 years. To expand and strengthen the mineral-raw material base and to achieve the energy independence of the country, it is necessary to replenish it with rich highly profitable ores, the prerequisites of which detection are available within certain promising areas. Provided data on mineral resources and production of uranium in other countries. Ukraine’s place in the world’s balance is shown.

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