scholarly journals EDITORIAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 02
Author(s):  
Wellington Balmant
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Simple Task

The editorial of Thermal Engineering of this issue continues the discussion on scientific research needs in vital areas in which thermal engineering has important participation. The main goal is to motivate the readers, within their specialties, to identify possible subjects for their future research. Mathematical modeling is a powerful tool used in engineering when one wants to design and optimize and equipment and/or processes. The main idea behind a mathematical model is to be able to simulate, as accurately as possible, the behavior of any physical system, real or virtual. However, the task of creating a mathematical model is far from simple. For the sake of comparison, disciplines of physics also propose mathematical models, but these models need to be universal. In engineering, this degree of universality is practically impossible. In reality, a good mathematical model for engineering is the one that is a good tool, assisting the design and optimization of equipment and systems. But which model should we choose when we find ourselves in real life engineering problems? Unfortunately, mathematical models for engineering are quite subjective. It takes into account what each author of the model saw and what problem he/she wanted to solve. That is why for the same system, for example, a shell and tube heat exchangers, there are multitude mathematical models proposed with different features, from highly complex models that use computational fluid dynamics to the simplest models used in undergraduate courses. This makes creativity and analytical skills very important when designing and optimizing a real system in view of the fact that design failures can generate monetary and human life losses. Choosing the right mathematical model is not a simple task, especially in unconsolidated areas, which are generally those where there is a great interest in applied research. Due to the very large number of existing mathematical models, engineers generally choose to propose their own mathematical model. A classification system for mathematical models would be very useful to find what mathematical models are most useful for a given situation.The mission of Thermal Engineering is to document the scientific progress in areas related to thermal engineering (e.g., energy, oil and renewable fuels). We are confident that we will continue to receive articles’ submissions that contribute to the progress of science.

scholarly journals Visual Neuropsychology in Development: Anatomo-Functional Brain Mechanisms of Action/Perception Binding in Health and Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Ionta
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Action Perception ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Neuropsychological Evidence ◽  
The Impact

Vision is the main entrance for environmental input to the human brain. Even if vision is our most used sensory modality, its importance is not limited to environmental exploration. Rather it has strong links to motor competences, further extending to cognitive and social aspects of human life. These multifaceted relationships are particularly important in developmental age and become dramatically evident in presence of complex deficits originating from visual aberrancies. The present review summarizes the available neuropsychological evidence on the development of visual competences, with a particular focus on the associated visuo-motor integration skills in health and disease. With the aim of supporting future research and interventional settings, the goal of the present review is to constitute a solid base to help the translation of neuropsychological hypotheses into straightforward empirical investigations and rehabilitation/training protocols. This approach will further increase the impact, ameliorate the acceptance, and ease the use and implementation of lab-derived intervention protocols in real-life situations.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 02
Author(s):  
J. V.C. Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Radiation Emission ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
The Individual

The editorial of Engenharia Térmica of this issue continues the discussion on scientific research needs in vital areas in which thermal engineering has important participation. The main goal is to motivate the readers, within their specialties, to identify possible subjects for their future research. With the development of modern high resolution infrared cameras, the utilization of thermal imaging exams has gained new appeal in medical practice, although the method has been applied for the first time more than 60 years ago. The technique is noninvasive, there is no ionizing radiation emission, low cost, fast in image capturing and of easy application. However, there are some aspects such as method imprecision due to the individual metabolism and surrounding ambient temperature that interfere in precise results, making the method subjective. In Engineering it is a well established field, mainly for the detection of heat leaks in boilers, hot fluid pipes, and other equipment, in which high temperatures are observed, thus with high temperature gradients with respect to the ambient, that are much above measurements uncertainties, what allows for well conclusive analyses. On the other hand, surface temperatures on human skin are close to the ambient temperature, therefore the observed temperature gradients are small, what makes the analyses less conclusive. In sum, there is need for the development of structured methodologies for adequate selection of human body surface temperatures that are related to diverse diseases. Expected normality ranges could be established based on infrared imaging temperature measurements of volunteers without complaints. It is expected that measurements in patients previously diagnosed with traditional techniques (e.g., biopsy) fall out of such ranges. The main objective would be to concretely demonstrate that infrared imaging has potential for utilization as a noninvasive screening exam for people with complaints, what would indicate whether or not the individual should be submitted to a more complex exam. The mission of Engenharia Térmica is to document the scientific progress in areas related to thermal engineering (e.g., energy, oil and renewable fuels). We are confident that we will continue to receive articles’ submissions that contribute to the progress of science.

Mathematical Models of Waiting Time

1990 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 622-627
Author(s):  
Sheldon P. Gordon ◽  
Florence S. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Mathematical Ideas ◽  
Life Data ◽  
Real Life Data ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The old saying goes, “Time and tide wait for no man.” In today's society, an equally apt line might be, “Everyone waits for almost everything.” This widespread experience with waiting lends a marvelous opportunity to develop some very nice mathematics and apply it to problems with which our students can easily identify. In this art icle, we shall consider several mathematical models that can be used to study different waiting situations. The mathematics used involves just simple ideas from probability and mathematical expectation. Some related ideas are given in Mathers (1976). We shall also consider how computer simulations can be introduced to bring an added dimension to these topics. Most important, we shall see how such mathematical ideas furnish an ideal vehicle for involving students in actual individual research projects to collect real-life data, analyze it, and compare the results to predictions based on the mathematical model.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 02
Author(s):  
Sam Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Minimum Entropy ◽  
Maximum Heat ◽  
Maximum Heat Transfer

The editorial of Engenharia Térmica of this issue continues the discussion on scientific research needs in vital areas in which thermal engineering has important participation. The main goal is to motivate the readers, within their specialties, to identify possible subjects for their future research. Extensive research efforts have been devoted to the development of high performance heat sinks, and numerous geometric designs and fin arrangements as well as materials have been proposed to achieve higher heat dissipation rates. Previous studies have deduced different fin geometries and arrangements based on minimum entropy generation or maximum heat transfer rate, subject to various constraints such as available space, material, or cost. Consequently, many fin shapes and arrangements exist in literature ranging from elliptical cylinders to rhombus, and from pin to flared fin, respectively. According to the literature review, however, helical fins have not yet been explored as an alternative design owing to its complex geometry that restricts the analysis to 3D space. Therefore, a 3D helical fin model still needs to be developed to investigate its feasibility and performance as an alternative fin design. In addition, a helical fin arrangements optimization study shall be conducted for minimum pressure drop and maximum heat transfer. The mission of Engenharia Térmica is to document the scientific progress in areas related to thermal engineering (e.g., energy, oil and renewable fuels). We are confident that we will continue to receive articles’ submissions that contribute to the progress of science.

scholarly journals A Mathematical Model that Analyzes the Differences between the Cost of Maintaining the Desired Permanent Workforce (Academic Staff) and that of Maintaining the Entire Outsourcing Policy for Private Universities in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
O. Enagbonma ◽  
A. A. Osagiede
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Linear Algebra ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Real Life Problem ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

The difference between the cost of maintaining the desired permanent workforce (academic staff) and that of maintaining the entire outsourcing policy is a useful index that allows management of private universities to know the financial task before them, well ahead of time for a possible solution. However, in the available literature, there are no adequate mathematical models that address such issues. The idea of linear algebra was used to develop a mathematical model that can address such real-life problem.  

scholarly journals Mini-review: Recent updates on the mathematical modelling of radiation-induced bystander effects

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Hanis Nasir ◽  
Fuaada Mohd Siam
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dna Double Strand Breaks ◽  
Survival Fraction ◽  
Bystander Effects ◽  
Model And Simulation ◽  
Radiation Induced

Radiotherapy treatment uses ionizing radiation (IR) in order to kill cancer cells. However, the IR exerted its effects outside the radiation field and causes cell death in healthy cells. This effect namely as radiation-induced bystander effects (RIBE) phenomenon. The scope of the overview of the RIBE phenomenon discussed in this paper includes the RIBE mechanism, danger signaling process, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) double-strand breaks (DSBs) damage and the damage repair. This paper extended with the discussion of several mathematical models used to describe the RIBE phenomenon. The discussions towards the mathematical models include the models of signals concentration, the models of bystander effects and the survival fraction model. Mathematical modelling and computer simulation are powerful tools used to understand the biological phenomenon of RIBE. The suitable mathematical model of repair and mis-repair DNA DSBs damage has been briefly reviewed in view of the relevance of this model towards RIBE phenomenon. The outcome of this paper suggested a recommendation for future research on the suitable mathematical model and simulation analysis in describing the complexity of RIBE phenomenon.

scholarly journals The Mobility Turn as an Educational Challenge in Modern Society

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-447
Author(s):  
Timofey S. Vlasov ◽  
◽  
Evgeniya E. Nemeryuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Sociology Of Education ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Educational Challenge ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The article discusses the main idea of the study, that is discovering a number of problems generated by social dynamics and mobility. By using the methodological potential of sociology, the essence and logic of the mobility turn as a metaphor for the development of modern society is demonstrated. The radical changes in sociocultural dynamics that are also achieved by modern social sciences (sociology of mobility and other postmodern concepts) are shown. By using the methodological approaches of the sociology of education, the «order of the day» mobility problems in higher education are formulated. It is stressed that the educational sphere also becomes mobile, transforming the nature of human life, as well as updating some special phenomenon, such as academic mobility. The horizon of future research in connection with the complex nature of the problem under study is demonstrated by formulating the “order of the day” of mobility challenges for modern higher education.

Developing Management from Islamic Perspectives (MIP) as a Formal Academic Discipline

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-69
Author(s):  
Shamas-Ur-Rehman Toor
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
International Consortium ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Management from Islamic Perspectives (MIP) is an emerging field that has begun to attract scholarly attention. However, the research undertaken so far has been rather fragmented and lack a clear agenda. This paper presents a literature review of the field and the areas of current focus. Although the field has a huge growth potential, I argue that it faces several challenges and problems as it develops further. I outline these potential pitfalls, suggest how to develop MIP as a formal discipline, and explain how to integrate it within real-life business practices. The article closes with a call for research to be conducted in a more organized fashion through an international consortium of researchers as well as recommendations for future research directions.

A mathematical model and an algorithm for sampling sets of components on the Assembly enterprises of space technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
V. B. Rudakov ◽  
V. M. Makarov ◽  
M. I. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Space Technology ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Optimal Plan ◽  
Product Mix ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Complex Products ◽  
Assembly Plants

The article considers the problem of determining the rational plans of the input sampling reliability and technical parameters of components of space technology, the totality of which is supplied to the Assembly plants for the manufacture of complex products of space technology. Problem statement and mathematical model based on the minimization of the economic costs of control and losses related to the risks of taking wrong decisions, are given in the article. The properties of the mathematical models are investigated, the algorithm for its optimization is developed. The result is an optimal plan for the sampling of sets of components, which includes: an optimal product mix subject to mandatory control of the aggregate and optimum risks of first and second kind, when acceptance number of statistical plan is zero. The latter circumstance is due to the high requirements of reliability and technical parameters of products of space technology.

Psychology: Volume 1

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cognitive Capability ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
Abstract Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cognition And Affect

This survey of research on psychology in five volumes is a part of a series undertaken by the ICSSR since 1969, which covers various disciplines under social science. Volume One of this survey, Cognitive and Affective Processes, discusses the developments in the study of cognitive and affective processes within the Indian context. It offers an up-to-date assessment of theoretical developments and empirical studies in the rapidly evolving fields of cognitive science, applied cognition, and positive psychology. It also analyses how pedagogy responds to a shift in the practices of knowing and learning. Additionally, drawing upon insights from related fields it proposes epithymetics–desire studies – as an upcoming field of research and the volume investigates the impact of evolving cognitive and affective processes in Indian research and real life contexts. The development of cognitive capability distinguishes human beings from other species and allows creation and use of complex verbal symbols, facilitates imagination and empowers to function at an abstract level. However, much of the vitality characterizing human life is owed to the diverse emotions and desires. This has made the study of cognition and affect as frontier areas of psychology. With this in view, this volume focuses on delineating cognitive scientific contributions, cognition in educational context, context, diverse applications of cognition, psychology of desire, and positive psychology. The five chapters comprising this volume have approached the scholarly developments in the fields of cognition and affect in innovative ways, and have addressed basic as well applied issues.

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