scholarly journals A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding the Hazards of Tobacco Use Among the Drivers in Selected Areas of Lucknow

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 07-14
Author(s):  
Jijy P Jacob ◽  
◽  
Akanksha Gautam ◽  
Anju Verma ◽  
Ankita Diwedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Sample Technique ◽  
The Government

Background of the Study: Several countries have taken measures to control the consumption of tobacco with usage and sales restrictions as well as warning messages printed on packaging. Additionally, smoke-free laws that ban smoking in public places such as workplaces, theaters, and bars and restaurants reduce exposure to second hand smoke and help some people who smoke to quit, without negative economic effects on restaurants or bars. Tobacco taxes that increase the price are also effective, especially in developing countries. Even though the Government took many steps to decrease tobacco use like MPOWER, tobacco use is increasing day by day especially among the weaker sections of the society due to the lack of awareness regarding the hazards of tobacco consumption. So, the researchers decided the need of this study to be carried out. Objective of this study is to assess the knowledge regarding hazards of tobacco use among drivers. Materials & Methods: Descriptive research design was adapted for this study. The study was conducted at auto stand of Kursi road and St. Mary’s Polyclinic Road, Lucknow. 60 drivers who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected as samples for study, using purposive sample technique. The data collection instrument consists of three sections. Section A include personal data, Section B include clinical variables and Section - C consists of standardized questionnaire with 25 questions to assess the knowledge regarding hazards of tobacco consumption. Results: Findings of this study revealed that 36.67 % of the rickshaw drivers were having adequate knowledge regarding the hazards of tobacco use, 53.33 % of rickshaw drivers having moderate knowledge and the remaining 10 % of them were having inadequate knowledge regarding hazards of tobacco use. Conclusion: The study findings showed that samples who participated in this study predominantly have good and moderate knowledge regarding the hazards of tobacco use. Regardless of having good or moderate awareness related to the hazards of tobacco use, prevalence of tobacco use is very high among auto/rickshaw drivers.

Knowledge and attitude about tobacco use among school personnel in Bangalore South-a Cross Sectional Study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Dr. Padma K Bhat ◽  
Dr. Sushma S G ◽  
Dr. Jayachandra M Y
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Government

Background: Tobacco use is so addictive among youth and is one of the global epidemics which require constant monitoring and timely appropriate action to prevent usage. School personnel play one of the main roles in taking appropriate action. Aim: To assess knowledge and attitude of tobacco use pattern among school personnel in Bangalore city. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out for a period of six months from May to October 2017. Stratified cluster sampling was done to include the government and English medium schools in Bangalore south. All the school personnel in the selected schools were eligible to participate. The data collection tool was GSPS questionnaire (WHO FCTC Tobacco Control). Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact Test was used to demonstrate cross tabulation with confidence intervals. Significance level of 0.05 was considered for statistical analyses Results : Majority of both Kannada and English medium school personnel did not use any forms of tobacco. Both the English and Kannada medium school personnel were aware of the addictive effect of tobacco, but majority of the Kannada medium personnel said second hand smoke is not harmful as compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: Tobacco use among school personnel was low. Most of the school personnel were informed about the addictive nature of tobacco.

scholarly journals Adolescent Tobacco Use Estimates From The Global Youth Tobacco Survey, India: Tobacco a risk factor for future spread of COVID 19

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
Khushbu Sharma ◽  
Mangesh S. Pednekar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Adolescent Tobacco Use

Background: Tobacco use has been identified as a risk factor and causes negative outcomes to the COVID 19 pandemic. Adolescents’ tobacco users in India are the vulnerable population to acquire COVID-19 in the future. The study aimed to understand tobacco consumption patterns among adolescents in India to highlight the vulnerability of this population to COVID-19 infection. Methods: The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) reports were identified and recovered from the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data sets. The findings of the surveys in 2003, 2006, and 2009 were compared with respect to the prevalence of cigarette smoking and other tobacco use, and the determinants of initiation of tobacco use among the adolescent population. Results: The total tobacco consumption among adolescents was found to have increased from 13.7% in 2006 to 14.6% in 2009. All forms of tobacco use were higher in boys than girls across all three survey periods. Also, the trend of bidi (smoked tobacco form) use had increased in both genders. A reduction in exposure to Second Hand Smoke, with an increase in cessation services, media campaigns, and tobacco-related school curriculum was noted. If the increase in tobacco consumption between 2006 and 2009 had continued at the same rate then in 2021 around 18% of adolescents are estimated to consume tobacco in some form. Conclusion: The significant overall tobacco use and increasing bidi consumption makes the adolescent group more susceptible to COVID-19 infection. This indicates an imperative need to include this age group for COVID-19 management to reduce the burden on health care.

scholarly journals TOBACCO USE AMONG STUDENTS OF RURAL BACKGROUND IN BHOPAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-70
Author(s):  
R.K. Gaur ◽  
Swapnil Jain ◽  
DK Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Rural Background ◽  
The Common ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Injurious Effects

Background: It is well known fact that tobacco kills up to half of its users. 8 million people are killed by the use of tobacco annually. Direct tobacco consumption is responsible for approx seven millions of these deaths and approx 1.2 million deaths due to tobacco use are due to the exposure of non smokers to second hand smoke. The present study was undertaken to study the prevalence of use of tobacco products among rural male students and their knowledge about its injurious effects. Aims and objectives:This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of tobacco use among students residing in rural background and to assess their knowledge about injurious effects of tobacco products in any form. Material and Methods:The study was undertaken by using a detailed, predesigned questionnaire on the use of tobacco. Results: The prevalence of tobacco smoking was found to be 21% and smokeless tobacco as 37% on regular basis. Conclusion: Present study clearly demonstrates the common practice of tobacco consumption among students living in rural background and it is of deep concern. Knowledge about harmful effects of tobacco use certainly have role in restraining the tobacco habit among students.

Implementation of Regulation of The Minister of Kominfo Number 20 2016 in Disdukcapil Sleman, Temanggung, and Gianyar District

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nfn Darmanto ◽  
Nur Zaini
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
Edwards Model ◽  
District Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Study Techniques

AbstrakPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh menguatnya wacana mengenai pentingnya perlindungan data pribadi  dan terbitnya Peraturan Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi dalam Sistem Elektronik. Adapun tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja implementasi Peraturan Menteri tersebut di lingkungan Pemerintah Kabupaten. Penelitian  dilakukan di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil pada Pemerintah Kabupaten Gianyar, Temanggung, dan Sleman dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus, sedangkan pengum­pu­lan data menggunakan teknik studi pustaka, wawancara, dan observasi. Pembahasan dilakukan dengan menggunakan konsep implemen­tasi model Edwards yang melihat implementasi berdasarkan variabel komunikasi, sumber-sumber, kecenderungan-kecenderu­ngan, dan struk­tur birokrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjuk­kan bahwa penyelenggaraan administrasi kependudukan yang di dalamnya termasuk perlindungan data pribadi oleh Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil merujuk pada Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 61 Tahun 2015, sedangkan Peraturan Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Nomor 20 tahun 2016 sama sekali belum mereka ketahui. AbstractThis research is motivated by the strengthening of discourse regarding the importance of protecting personal data and the issuance of Minister of Communication and Information Regulation No. 20 of 2016 concerning Protection of Personal Data in Electronic Systems. The research objective is to determine the performance of the implementation of the Ministerial Regulation within the District Government. The study was conducted at the Department of Population and Civil Registration at the Government of the Regency of Gianyar, Temanggung, and Sleman by using a case study method, while data collection using literature study techniques, interviews, and observations. The discussion was carried out using the concept of implementation of Edwards model that looked at implementation based on communication variables, sources, trends, and bureaucratic structure. The results showed that the administration of population administration which included the protection of personal data by the Population and Civil Registry Office referred to the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 61 of 2015, while the Minister of Communication and Information Regulation No. 20 of 2016 was completely unknown to them.   

The Effectiveness Of Self Instructional Module On Knowledge Regarding HIV Among Drivers (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamil Selvi
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Instructional Module ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

BACKGROUND HIV infection is one of the most leading infections in the world. According to WHO HIV constitutes to be a major global public health issue, having claimed almost 33 million so far. There were an estimation of 38.0 million people living with the HIV at the end of 2019. As a result of concerted international efforts to respond to HIV , coverage of services has been steadily increasing. In 2019, 68% of adults and 53% of children living with HIV globally were receiving lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART). There is no cure of HIV infections , however effective antiretroviral drugs can the control of virus and help onward transmission to other people. The knowledge regarding HIV infections in the public is a not much. The study focuses on the effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge regarding the HIV among the drivers in Kancheepuram, Chennai. The objectives of the study was to assess the pre and post test of the self instructional module. For the study 60 samples were adopted by purposive sampling technique. The pre test was conducted by giving the structured questionnare then the module was given and then the post assessment was conducted. The study was conducted for 1 week. In the pre assessment 52(86.7%) were having inadequate knowledge and 8(13.3%) had moderately inadequate knowledge. In the post test 50(83.33%) had moderately adequate knowledge and 10(16.67%) has adequate knowledge. The effectivess of self instructional module was calculated by the paired t test (t=12.880) was found to be statistically highly significant at p<0.001 OBJECTIVE To assess the pre test level of existing knowledge on HIV among drivers. (2)To determine the effectiveness of self instructional module on HIV among drivers. (3)To find the association between the level of knowledge with their selected demographic variables METHODS Quantative research approach and pre experimental one group pre test post test design was used to assess the effectiveness of self instructional module on HIV to drivers. After obtaining permission from Saveetha College Of Nursing , the investigator selected 60 drivers by using purposive sampling technique. The sample who met the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling technique . The investigator introduced and explained the purpose of the study to the samples and obtain the written confirmed. The purpose of the study were explained to the drivers. Section A: It consist of the demographic variables which include Age, sex, education. Occupation, monthly income, religion, marital status, type of family and dietary pattern.Section B- It consist 25 multiple choice questions to assess the effectiveness of self instructional module. RESULTS The drivers most of them 26(43.3%) were in the age group of 41 – 50 years, all 60(100%) were male, 45(75%) were private employee, 21(35%) had monthly income of 9000 – 11000 and above 11000 respectively, 45(75%) were married, 32(53.3%) belonged to nuclear family 45(75%) were non-vegetarian. Section B : Assess the pretest level of existing knowledge on HIV among drivers. The finding of the pretest 52(86.67%) had inadequate knowledge and 8(13.33%) had moderately adequate knowledge. Whereas in the post test, 50(83.33%) had moderately adequate knowledge and 10( 16.67%) had adequate knowledge on HIV among drivers CONCLUSIONS The findings revealed that the existing level of knowledge on HIV among drivers was improve the knowledge about HIV to be effective awareness by administered self instructional module

scholarly journals Alcohol and Tobacco Use in a Tuberculosis Treatment Cohort during South Africa’s COVID-19 Sales Bans: A Case Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5449
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Myers ◽  
Tara Carney ◽  
Jennifer Rooney ◽  
Samantha Malatesta ◽  
Laura F. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Patterns Of Drinking ◽  
Tobacco Ban ◽  
Drinking Occasion

Background: South Africa temporarily banned alcohol and tobacco sales for about 20 weeks during the COVID-19 lockdown. We described changes in alcohol and tobacco consumption after implementation of these restrictions among a small number of participants in a tuberculosis treatment cohort. Method: The timeline follow-back procedure and Fägerstrom test for nicotine dependence was used to collect monthly alcohol and tobacco use information. We report changes in heavy drinking days (HDD), average amount of absolute alcohol (AA) consumed per drinking day, and cigarettes smoked daily during the alcohol and tobacco ban compared to use prior to the ban. Results: Of the 61 participants for whom we have pre-ban and within-ban alcohol use information, 17 (27.9%) reported within-ban alcohol use. On average, participants reported one less HDD per fortnight (interquartile range (IQR): −4, 1), but their amount of AA consumed increased by 37.4 g per drinking occasion (IQR: −65.9 g, 71.0 g). Of 53 participants who reported pre-ban tobacco use, 17 (32.1%) stopped smoking during the ban. The number of participants smoking >10 cigarettes per day decreased from 8 to 1. Conclusions: From these observations, we hypothesize that policies restricting alcohol and tobacco availability seem to enable some individuals to reduce their consumption. However, these appear to have little effect on the volume of AA consumed among individuals with more harmful patterns of drinking in the absence of additional behavior change interventions.

scholarly journals Reconciliation of anti-money laundering instruments and European data protection requirements in permissionless blockchain spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Karasek-Wojciechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Terrorist Financing ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level

AbstractThis article is an attempt to reconcile the requirements of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and anti-money laundering and combat terrorist financing (AML/CFT) instruments used in permissionless ecosystems based on distributed ledger technology (DLT). Usually, analysis is focused only on one of these regulations. Covering by this research the interplay between both regulations reveals their incoherencies in relation to permissionless DLT. The GDPR requirements force permissionless blockchain communities to use anonymization or, at the very least, strong pseudonymization technologies to ensure compliance of data processing with the GDPR. At the same time, instruments of global AML/CFT policy that are presently being implemented in many countries following the recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force, counteract the anonymity-enhanced technologies built into blockchain protocols. Solutions suggested in this article aim to induce the shaping of permissionless DLT-based networks in ways that at the same time would secure the protection of personal data according to the GDPR rules, while also addressing the money laundering and terrorist financing risks created by transactions in anonymous blockchain spaces or those with strong pseudonyms. Searching for new policy instruments is necessary to ensure that governments do not combat the development of all privacy-blockchains so as to enable a high level of privacy protection and GDPR-compliant data processing. This article indicates two AML/CFT tools which may be helpful for shaping privacy-blockchains that can enable the feasibility of such tools. The first tool is exceptional government access to transactional data written on non-transparent ledgers, obfuscated by advanced anonymization cryptography. The tool should be optional for networks as long as another effective AML/CFT measures are accessible for the intermediaries or for the government in relation to a given network. If these other measures are not available and the network does not grant exceptional access, the regulations should allow governments to combat the development of those networks. Effective tools in that scope should target the value of privacy-cryptocurrency, not its users. Such tools could include, as a tool of last resort, state attacks which would undermine the trust of the community in a specific network.

scholarly journals Global risks of the government and society in digital economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Anna Aleksandrovna Bakulina
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Digital Space ◽  
Telecommunications Infrastructure ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Processing And Storage

This article explores the vulnerabilities of Russia in the digital environment, as well as such phenomena of modern digital economy as cryptocurrencies, blockchain, big data, artificial intelligence, and robotics. The question is raised on the risks that humanity faces in the digital space, which entail the implementation of the latest technologies in society. The author offers the ways for their minimization. The article covers the project &ldquo;Digital Economy&rdquo; developed by the Government of the Russian Federation, which is intended for creation of sustainable and secure information and telecommunications infrastructure for high-speed transmission, processing and storage of data bulk, accessible to all organizations and households. Analysis is conducted on the modern enterprise in the sphere of information and communication technologies and the concept on the protection against personal data theft. The crucial role of the IT specialists in digitalization is highlighted. The conclusion is made that in digital space, the major threat to national security is the hacker attacks aimed at the theft of personal data, intellectual property, etc. The author believes that the minimization of risks detected in the course of research requires providing technology opportunity for the Russian Federation to store the collected data locally, rather than abroad. The all-round government influence on the research and legislative sphere, legislative orientation towards stimulating the development of innovation technologies would ensure safe and effective integration of socioeconomic sphere into the digital space.

scholarly journals Local Gin: Through the Lens of Ogogoro Consumers

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Kennedy Ajiroghene Osakwe Adakporia
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Public Nuisance ◽  
Circle Of Friends ◽  
The Government ◽  
Participatory Model

Globally, several studies had established the effects of local gin in human subjects through laboratory, analytical, experimental and objective research methods. There is however a balancing need to investigate the effects from the prism of the consumers. Aim: To explore the pattern of consumption and effects of prolonged consumption of Ogogoro through a participatory model seeking the opinion of consumers. Methodology: Cross section survey of one hundred (100) consumers of Ogogoro with informed consent obtained from respondents. Results Study revealed that Ogogoro has a significant potential to cause heavy drinking as evidenced by 93% of respondents consumes 90mls to 180 mls daily and 88% consumes to oblige uncontrolled cravings. Significant secular and socio-economic effects were found to be quarrelsome, poor physical appearance, always broke, stigmatization, seen as public nuisance and low circle of friends. Conversely, there were low affirmations for loss of job, poor job performance, fighting and loss of friends. Notably, physiological and health effects were found to be excessive urination; loss of weight, excessive sleeping and appetite for food. Conclusion: While the government had adopted a punitive stance, the author opines advocacy on the potential effects and prevention of Ogogoro would be an achievable primordial strategy for potential consumers. Treatment and rehabilitation of existing consumers could aid as a remedial recovery. Upskilling of brewers and modification of the physico-chemical formulae to make less harmful could bring pragmatic solutions.

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