scholarly journals PREVENTION OF OFFENSES AMONG PERSONS HELD IN CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS AS A MEASURE TO ENSURE THE PERSONAL SAFETY OF CONVICTED PERSONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
O.V. Pronina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Concept Of Law ◽  
Concept Of Law

The article considers the concept of "law and order in a correctional institution". The connection of the concept of "law and order" with the concept of "personal security of convicts"is analyzed. The author proposed changes and additions to the Instructions for the Prevention of Offenses among persons held in institutions of the penal system «approved by the order of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation of May 20, 2013. No. 72, which, in his opinion, will have a positive impact on the measures for the prevention of offenses in correctional institutions carried out by employees of the penitentiary system in order to ensure an appropriate level of law and order and ensure the personal safety of convicts.

On the issue of creating integrated correctional institutions in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Ирина Николаевна Коробова
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Multi Mode

В настоящее время происходит процесс активного реформирования уголовно-исполнительной системы, кроме того, параллельно проводится работа по изменению уголовно-исполнительного законодательства. Количество осужденных, содержащихся в местах лишения свободы, неизменно снижается, причем прослеживается определенная тенденция, когда исправительные учреждения одного вида режима переполнены, другие заполнены не в полном объеме, в связи с чем их количество уменьшается, в частности, на всей территории Российской Федерации имеется только 22 колонии для несовершеннолетних. В уголовно-исполнительном законодательстве РФ содержится норма, предусматривающая отбывание наказания в исправительном учреждении, расположенном в пределах территории субъекта Российской Федерации, в котором осужденный проживал или был осужден. Однако в настоящее время соблюдение данного принципа достаточно проблематично, и выходом из сложившейся ситуации может быть создание комплексных (мультирежимных) исправительных учреждений. Данное положение не противоречит и положениям международных стандартов исполнения наказаний, подобные положения имеются и в Минимальных стандартных правилах в отношении обращения с заключенными 2015 г., и в Европейских пенитенциарных правилах. Все это обосновывает актуальность изучаемой темы. Currently, there is a process of active reform of the penal system, in addition, work is being carried out in parallel to change the penal legislation. The number of convicts held in places of deprivation of liberty is constantly decreasing, and there is a certain trend when correctional institutions of one type of regime are overcrowded, while others are not filled in full, which is why their number is decreasing, in particular, there are only 22 juvenile colonies throughout the Russian Federation. Among the principles of deprivation of liberty, the penal legislation of the Russian Federation singles out the principle of serving a sentence in a correctional institution located within the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation where the convicted person lived or was convicted. However, at present, compliance with this principle is quite problematic, so the solution to this situation may be the creation of complex (multi-mode) correctional institutions. This provision does not contradict the provisions of international standards for the execution of sentences, such provisions are found in the standard Minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners of 2015, and in the European prison rules. All this justifies the relevance of the topic under study.

Lengthy Prison Term as a Psychological Issue in the Penal System of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
YURII E. SUSLOV
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Prolonged Stay ◽  
Prison Term ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: the paper analyzes scientific data related to the definition of the phenomenon “lengthy prison term” and demonstrates a relative and conditional nature of this phenomenon. Available scientific research findings in this area suggest that the duration of serving a sentence is an exclusively subjective measure for various criminals. Goal: to identify the impact of the length of prison sentences on convicts in the context of their reformation. Methods: we use general scientific research methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization). The work is based on the results derived from the analysis of relevant foreign and domestic studies. Results: by analyzing the influence of specific features inherent in correctional institutions, we reveal the following inconsistency: custodial sentences and lengthy prison terms contribute to the adaptation of convicts to prison conditions, development of negative changes in their personality, destructive conduct, etc. In addition, prolonged stay in a correctional institution reduces the impact of major means of reformation such as prison regime, educational work, and socially useful work. Conclusions: when determining the length of prison term, it is necessary to proceed not so much from the nature and degree of public danger of the act, but from individual features of the criminal’s personality, their social environment, and the motive for the crime committed. It is necessary to abandon the quantitative approach to determining the mea sure of punishment expressed in the length of the prison term. Key words: lengthy prison term; serving a sentence; correctional institutions; crime; convicts; reformation; punishment; penal system of the Russian Federation; isolation conditions.

scholarly journals Lengthy Prison Term as a Psychological Issue in the Penal System of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
Yurii E. Suslov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Prolonged Stay ◽  
Prison Term ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: the paper analyzes scientific data related to the definition of the phenomenon “lengthy prison term” and demonstrates a relative and conditional nature of this phenomenon. Available scientific research findings in this area suggest that the duration of serving a sentence is an exclusively subjective measure for various criminals. Goal: to identify the impact of the length of prison sentences on convicts in the context of their reformation. Methods: we use general scientific research methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization). The work is based on the results derived from the analysis of relevant foreign and domestic studies. Results: by analyzing the influence of specific features inherent in correctional institutions, we reveal the following inconsistency: custodial sentences and lengthy prison terms contribute to the adaptation of convicts to prison conditions, development of negative changes in their personality, destructive conduct, etc. In addition, prolonged stay in a correctional institution reduces the impact of major means of reformation such as prison regime, educational work, and socially useful work. Conclusions: when determining the length of prison term, it is necessary to proceed not so much from the nature and degree of public danger of the act, but from individual features of the criminal’s personality, their social environment, and the motive for the crime committed. It is necessary to abandon the quantitative approach to determining the measure of punishment expressed in the length of the prison term. Key words: lengthy prison term; serving a sentence; correctional institutions; crime; convicts; reformation; punishment; penal system of the Russian Federation; isolation conditions.

Objectives of the penal system and problems of differentiation of convicted persons to deprivation of liberty

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Сергей Михайлович Савушкин
Keyword(s):  
Program Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Nelson Mandela ◽  
Target Program ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Development Concept

Важность определения конкретных, измеримых и объективно необходимых целей деятельности исправительных учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы объясняется проблемами, с которыми сталкиваются сотрудники при выполнении функций, отдельные из которых не способствуют достижению целей уголовно-исполнительного законодательства РФ. В статье рассматриваются и подвергаются конструктивной критике цели уголовно-исполнительного законодательства, задачи уголовно-исполнительной системы (которые в 2004 г. были исключены из закона), основные задачи ФСИН России, основные цели Концепции развития уголовно-исполнительной системы РФ до 2020 г., цель Концепции федеральной целевой программы «Развитие уголовно-исполнительной системы (2017-2025 годы)». Приводятся цели классификации осужденных, которые предусмотрены Правилами Нельсона Манделы, как положительный опыт закрепления целей отдельного правового института. Высказывается позиция относительно необходимости закрепления целей отдельных институтов, промежуточных целей и важности определения точных критериев оценки достижимости отмеченных целей. Данная работа проводится для выявления имеющихся проблем, связанных с отсутствием конкретных показателей деятельности исправительных учреждений, выполнение которых должно способствовать достижению целей уголовно-исполнительного законодательства РФ. The importance of determining the specific, measurable and objectively necessary goals of the activities of correctional institutions of the penal system is explained by the problems faced by employees in performing functions, some of which do not contribute to the achievement of the goals of the penal legislation of the Russian Federation. The article discusses and criticizes constructively the goals of the penal legislation, the tasks of the penal system (which were excluded from the Law in 2004), the main tasks of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, the main goals of the Development Concept of the Russian penal system until 2020, the goal of the Federal Concept target program "Development of the penal system (2017-2025)". The goals of the classification of convicts, which are provided for by the rules of Nelson Mandela, as a positive experience in fixing goals, a separate legal institution. A position is expressed regarding the need to consolidate the goals of individual institutions, intermediate goals and the importance of determining, exact criteria, assessing the attainability of the stated goals. This work is carried out in order to establish the existing problems associated with the lack of specific indicators of the activity of correctional institutions, the implementation of which should help achieve the goals of the criminal-executive legislation of the Russian Federation.

Characteristics of convicts serving sentences in correctional institutions of russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
Любовь Ильинична Разбирина
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

В статье приведены данные уголовно-правовой характеристики осужденных, отбывающих наказание в виде лишения свободы в Российской Федерации. Цель исследования заключается в том, чтобы показать влияние изменений в уголовной политике государства на изменение численности осужденных, распределение их в зависимости от квалификации совершенных преступлений, по количеству судимостей, назначенному сроку наказания в виде лишения свободы и по другим показателям. Установлено, что произошли существенные изменения в распределении осужденных в зависимости от числа судимостей и по срокам назначенного судом наказания, в распределении по видам исправительных учреждений. Анализ статистических данных ФСИН России демонстрирует, что в исследуемый период значительно возросла доля женщин, осужденных к лишению свободы, а численность несовершеннолетних осужденных сократилась в несколько раз, существенно возросли доля осужденных за преступления, связанные с незаконным оборотом наркотиков, и численность осужденных на срок наказания свыше 10 лет лишения свободы, а также произошли другие изменения. Знание и учет особенностей уголовно-правовой характеристики осужденных в деятельности научных и практических работников будет способствовать повышению эффективности деятельности уголовно-исполнительной системы в решении задач по исправлению осужденных и предупреждению совершения новых преступлений как осужденными, так и иными лицами, - достижении основных целей уголовно-исполнительного законодательства Российской Федерации. The article presents the data of criminal-legal characteristics of convicts serving a sentence of imprisonment in the Russian Federation. The aim of the study is to show the impact of changes in the criminal policy of the state on changes in the number of convicts, their distribution depending on the qualification of the crimes committed, the number of convictions, the appointed term of imprisonment and other criteria. As a result of the conducted researches it is established that there were essential changes in distribution condemned depending on number of criminal records and on terms of the punishment appointed by court, in distribution by types of correctional facilities and other indicators. The analysis of statistical data of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia reflects the fact that during the study period the proportion of women sentenced to imprisonment increased significantly, and the number of juvenile convicts decreased several times, the proportion of those convicted of crimes related to drug trafficking and the number of those sentenced to more than 10 years of imprisonment, as well as other changes. Knowledge and consideration of the features of the social and legal characteristics of convicts in the activities of researchers and practitioners will contribute to improving the efficiency of the penal system in solving problems of correction of convicts and preventing the Commission of new crimes by both convicts and other persons, which is the main objectives of the Penal legislation of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Theoretical analysis of legislative definition of the regime in correctional institutions: problems and ways to solve them

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
V. E. Juzhanin ◽  
D. V. Gorban'
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Scientific Thought ◽  
General Part ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of

The article provides a theoretical analysis of Part 1 of Article 82 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which defines the regime in correctional institutions of the Russian penal system. It is noted that this definition does not correspond to the achievements of modern penitentiary scientific thought about the regime. In particular, it is emphasized that the regime cannot provide conditions for serving a sentence, since it includes these conditions. Also, the regime cannot ensure the protection of convicts, supervision over them and separate maintenance of different categories of convicts, since, on the contrary, the latter are the means of ensuring the regime. According to the authors of the article, the legislator incorrectly uses the phrase regime of detention of convicts, meaning regime of serving a sentence, since they are different legal phenomena. It is noted that the most optimal definition of the regime is presented in the theoretical model of the general part of the new Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, prepared by a group of authors, but the authors also subjected this definition to some adjustments.

Trends of humanization of the penal enforcement legislation, take into consideration the behavior of sentenced to deprivation of freedom

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Иван Андреевич Смирнов
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Positive Behavior ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Personal Accounts

В статье представлен ретроспективный анализ изменений, вносимых в Уголовно-исполнительный кодекс Российской Федерации с его принятия и до момента последней редакции 2018 г. Выделяются блоки норм как прогрессивного, так и регрессивного характера. В основание такого выделения положен критерий в виде «положительного поведения» осужденных, который проявляется в многоплановом аспекте. К типу прогрессивного характера автор относит следующие изменения, внесенные в УИК РФ: регулирование льготного исчисления сроков для перевода в облегченные условия отбывания наказания; поддержание социально полезных связей вне пределах ИУ; блок изменений, корректирующих поведение осужденных, подверженных строгому дисциплинарному взысканию; иное позитивное воздействие на осужденных. К категории регрессивного склада норм - нарушающие поэтапность позитивного воздействия в отношении положительно характеризующихся осужденных; изменения в поощрительном институте норм уголовно-исполнительного законодательства; изменения, связанные с возможностью расходования денежных средств на лицевых счетах осужденных; понижение возраста осужденных несовершеннолетних, подлежащих переводу в исправительные колонии. Отмечается слабая научная терминологическая разработка категорий положительно характеризующихся осужденных, что отражается на применении соответствующих норм. Отмечаются некоторые противоречия и нецелесообразность вносимых изменений, в связи с чем требуется корректировка и совершенствование уголовно-исполнительного законодательства. The article presents a retrospective analysis of changes, which were included in the Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation since its adoption and up to the time of last redaction 2018. Blocks of norms of both progressive and regressive nature are distinguished. The basis of this selection is a criterion in the form of “positive behavior” of convicts. The author refers to the type of progressive nature of the following changes, which were included in the Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation: regulation of preferential calculation sentence to transfer to the less-strict regime; the maintenance of socially useful links outside the confines of the correctional institution; block of changes correcting behavior of convicts subjected to strict disciplinary sanction; other positive influence on convicts. To the category of regressive composition of legal norms - infringing phasing positive impact in relation to the positively characterized convicts; changes in the incentive institute of norms of penal enforcement legislation; changes related to the possibility of spending money on the personal accounts of convicts; lowering age of convicted juveniles to be transferred to correctional colonies. In addition, there is a weak scientific terminological development of categories of positively characterized convicts, which affects the application of the relevant norms. Some contradictions and inexpediency of the made changes are noted in this connection correction and improvement of the penal enforcement legislation is required.

scholarly journals Victimological Safety of Persons Sentenced to Imprisonment: Conceptual Aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-289
Author(s):  
Alexander Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
General Situation ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
The Status

The author presents the conceptual basis of an independent trend in victimology - the victimological safety of persons sentenced to imprisonment. The independence of this trend is justified by the existence of its own subject, object, aim, its theoretical and practical relevance, which are described in this paper. It is suggested that the victimological safety of convicts should be understood as the situation when their rights are protected during their imprisonment in correctional institutions. The research of the victimological safety of convicts is necessary because correctional institutions are highly criminogenic, and inmates are potentially predisposed to be victims of criminal behavior. The author enumerates factors influencing the victimity of inmates: personal traits of convicts (light-mindedness, casual behavior, customary use of swearwords that compensate for a poor vocabulary, etc.); character of the crime for which a person is convicted; psychological climate in the community of inmates, level of law and order maintained in the correctional institution; other factors determining the status of a convict in the penitentiary social environment. The author also presents a typology of convicts who become victims of criminal infringements; characterizes inmates placed in isolation for the reasons of personal safety; enumerates the most victimogenic categories of convicts in places of confinement; points out causes and conditions that victimize the personality of a convict in correctional institutions. The results of the conducted research are used to work out the preventive measures of ensuring the victimological safety of convicts, including organizational-management, regime, investigation and search and educational-psychological work. The information of this article has a practical value and can improve the effectiveness of work aimed at ensuring the safety of inmates, as well as the general situation with law and order in Russian penitentiary institutions.

scholarly journals Complex Correctional Institutions at the Present Stage of Reforming the Penal Enforcement System of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 854-859
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Yuzhanin ◽  
Dmitrii Gorban’
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
System Development ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Enforcement Policy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Development Methods

Introduction: the article is devoted to the creation of correctional institutions of combined type with regard to the current penal enforcement legislation and the Concept for the development of the penal enforcement system of the Russian Federation up to 2030. The foundation of correctional institutions of this type corresponds to the modern penal enforcement policy of the Russian Federation, but requires scientific study. The relevance of the presented article is also determined by modern trends in penitentiary science and practice. Purpose: on the basis of generalization and analysis of official statistical data, theoretical and scientific sources, findings and approaches of scientists-penitentiaries, to comprehensively reveal the prospects for establishing institutions of combined type at the current stage of the RF penal enforcement system development. Methods: the dialectical method of scientific cognition was used when writing a scientific article. The following scientific methods of cognition were also applied: comparative law, induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, and statistical. Results: in the course of the study and based on its results, the authors developed a theoretical model of a complex correctional institution (institution of combined type), which includes separate areas proposed and scientifically justified by the authors. Each area of the combined type institution selected by the authors is described separately and in detail. The theoretical model of a complex correctional institution (institution of combined type) corresponds to the provisions of the current legislation, as well as the prospects for its development up to 2030, and also widens and complements them. Conclusions: in order to capture correctional facilities of a combined type in the RF penal enforcement legislation, it is proposed to enshrine the theoretical model of a complex correctional institution proposed by the authors in the corresponding articles.

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