scholarly journals A total number of 192 male one-day-old broilers chickens were randomly divided into four treatment groups of 48 chickens. Chickens of group one fed a plain diet without any supplement (control), while the diets ib groups two, three, and four were supplemented with Whole Yeast (WY, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0.1%), Yeast Cell Wall (YCW, 0.3 %), and Yeast Extract (YE, 0.07 %), respectively. At the end of the experimental period (35 days), the bodyweight of chickens and the feed intake of each cage were measured, and then the feed conversation ratio was calculated. Blood samples were also collected to measure the serum components and relative spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and thymus gland. The results obtained indicated that all productive performance parameters improved in response to the feeding supplementation. Blood parameters indicated that the treated groups had a significantly higher level of serum total protein and albumin as well as significantly lower serum total lipids and cholesterol. The enzyme activities of ALT, AST, and ALP were significantly reduced by WY, YCW, and YE supplementation. The relative organ weights of the spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and thymus increased significantly in broilers fed with WY, YCW, and YE, and the highest values were observed in the chickens fed with WY. It can be demonstrated that the supplementation of WY or its derivatives in the diet of broiler chickens improves the production performance as well as the physiological and immunological parameters, and consequently produce a healthier chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
MA El-Manawey ◽  
EY Yousif ◽  
AM Abo-Taleb ◽  
AM Atta
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Serum Components

A total number of 192 male one-day-old broilers chickens were randomly divided into four treatment groups of 48 chickens. Chickens of group one fed a plain diet without any supplement (control), while the diets ib groups two, three, and four were supplemented with Whole Yeast (WY, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0.1%), Yeast Cell Wall (YCW, 0.3 %), and Yeast Extract (YE, 0.07 %), respectively. At the end of the experimental period (35 days), the bodyweight of chickens and the feed intake of each cage were measured, and then the feed conversation ratio was calculated. Blood samples were also collected to measure the serum components and relative spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and thymus gland. The results obtained indicated that all productive performance parameters improved in response to the feeding supplementation. Blood parameters indicated that the treated groups had a significantly higher level of serum total protein and albumin as well as significantly lower serum total lipids and cholesterol. The enzyme activities of ALT, AST, and ALP were significantly reduced by WY, YCW, and YE supplementation. The relative organ weights of the spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and thymus increased significantly in broilers fed with WY, YCW, and YE, and the highest values were observed in the chickens fed with WY. It can be demonstrated that the supplementation of WY or its derivatives in the diet of broiler chickens improves the production performance as well as the physiological and immunological parameters, and consequently produce a healthier chicken.

scholarly journals Comparative studies on the effects of lincomycin and bacitracin on hematobiochemical and immunological parameters in broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ashraf A. Elkomy ◽  
Enas Farag ◽  
Elshahat I. Elgharbawy ◽  
Mohamed Elbadawy
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Hematobiochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Total Lipid ◽  
Immunological Alterations

A total of 100 one-day-old healthy broiler chicks were used to study the effects of lincomycin and bacitracin on some hematobiochemical and immunological parameters. Chicks were divided into four equal groups, 25 each. The first group was kept as control; the 2nd group was received 0.5 g of lincomycin per liter; the 3rd group was received 100 mg bacitracin per liter and the 4th group was administered both lincomycin and bacitracin, each at the above-mentioned dose. Drugs were given in drinking water for 5 successive days from 20th to 25th day of age. Bodyweight was recorded at the beginning of the experiment and at 1st-day post administration where body performance was recorded. One day post administration, blood samples were collected for estimation of hematobiochemical and immunological alterations. The obtained results revealed that broiler chicks administered lincomycin or bacitracin or both revealed a marked increase in bodyweight, weight gain, phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, erythrocytic count, hemoglobin level, packed cell volume, total leukocytic count, serum total protein, albumin, total globulin, α, β and γ globulin. Furthermore, a significant elevation in malondialdehyde associated with a marked reduction in albumin-globulin ratio, serum total lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride and a significant decrease in catalase and superoxide dismutase, were recorded, compared with the control group. In conclusion, lincomycin and bacitracin either alone or in combination have positive impacts on growth performance, immunological and hematobiochemical parameters of broiler chickens. So, it is recommended to use both drugs as growth promoters in broiler chickens.   

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cellulosic Polymers and Curcumin to Reduce Aflatoxin B1 Toxic Effects on Performance, Biochemical, and Immunological Parameters of Broiler Chickens

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Solis-Cruz ◽  
Daniel Hernandez-Patlan ◽  
Victor Petrone ◽  
Karine Pontin ◽  
Juan Latorre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cellulosic Polymers

To evaluate the effect of cellulosic polymers (CEL) and curcumin (CUR) on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxic effects on performance, and the biochemical and immunological parameters in broiler chickens, 150 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly allocated into five groups with three replicates of 10 chickens per pen: Negative Control (feed); AFB1 (feed + 2 ppm AFB1); CUR (feed + 2 ppm AFB1 + Curcumin 0.2%); CEL (feed + 2 ppm AFB1 + 0.3% Cellulosic polymers); and, CEL + CUR (feed + 2 ppm AFB1 + 0.3% Cellulose polymers + 0.2% Curcumin). Every week, body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were calculated. On day 21, liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and intestine from five broilers per replicate per group were removed to obtain relative organ weight. Histopathological changes in liver, several biochemical biomarkers, antibody titers, and muscle and skin pigmentation were also recorded. Dietary addition of 0.3% CEL and 0.2% CUR separately significantly diminished some of the toxic effects resulting from AFB1 on performance parameters, relative organs weight, histopathology, immune response, and serum biochemical variables (P < 0.05); however, the combination of CUR and CEL showed a better-integrated approach for the management of poultry health problems that are related with the consumption of AFB1, since they have different mechanisms of action with different positive effects on the responses of broiler chickens.

Performance and blood chemistry in lambs following fasting and transport

1996 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. J. Horton ◽  
J. A. Baldwin ◽  
S. M. Emanuele ◽  
J. E. Wohlt ◽  
L. R. McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Control Food ◽  
All Treatment

AbstractThirty-six 5-month-old Dorset ram lambs (28·7 kg) were used to investigate the effects of fasting and transport on performance and selected blood parameters. Three treatment groups (no. = 12) were: (1) control-food and water, without transport; (2) fasting for 72 h, without transport; and (3) transport in a trailer to a nearby auction-barn, then driven 8 h/day for 3 days without food or water for a total of 72 h. Lambs were given a total mixed diet containing 163 g/kg crude protein throughout the 28-day post-transport period. Both fasted and transported lambs consumed less food than the control group during the first 7 days post treatment (P < 0·05). Water intake was similar for all treatment groups on the 1st day post transport, after which both fasted and transport lambs drank less ivater than control lambs during the following 6 days (P < 0·05). Live-weight loss after the 3-day fast and transport period and subsequent body-weight gain during the 28-day realimentation period differed across all treatment groups (P < 0·05 and P < 0·09; (1) 1% and 305 g, (2) 14·8% and 343 g, and (3) 20·0% and 390 g, respectively, though control lambs had the highest weight gains over the 32-day experimental period. Plasma urea nitrogen was lower in both fasted and transported lambs on days 6, 7 and 11 compared with control lambs (P < 0·05). Plasma glucose concentrations on days 4 and 5 were lower in transported lambs than in fasted lambs, and highest in control lambs (P < 0·05); glucose concentration levels remained lower in both fasted and transported lambs than in control lambs on days 6 and 7 (P < 0·05). Plasma cortisol concentrations were highest in transported lambs during the 3-day transport period and for 2 days immediately following transport (P < 0·05). Effects of the 72 h fast were exacerbated by auction barn activity and subsequent transport, and compensatory gains by fasted and transport lambs were incomplete within the 28-day post transport period.

scholarly journals Effect of heat stress on blood parameters in indigenous sheep

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Rana ◽  
MA Hashem ◽  
MN Sakib ◽  
A Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Heat Stress Condition ◽  
Humidity Index

The research was conducted to study the effect of heat stress on blood parameters in indigenous sheep. Nine sheep were divided into three groups which were almost similar in age, sex and weight. Three groups were divided as zero hour (T0), four hours (T4) and eight hours (T8) heat exposure to direct sunlight. During experimental period temperature–humidity index (THI) value was calculated as 27.09 which indicate T4 and T8 groups were subjected to heat stress condition for at least four hours and eight hours respectively every day. The amount of red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb%) and packed cell volume (PCV%) were increased significantly (p<0.05) with the increase of heat stress but the amount of white blood cell (WBC) had no significant difference (P>0.05) among the treatment groups. It can be concluded that heat stress had significant changes on some blood parameters in indigenous sheep. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v12i1.21253 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(1): 91-94, June 2014

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Combination of Methionine and Fish Oil on Cellular Immunity and Plasma Fatty Acids in Infectious Bursal Disease Challenged Chickens

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Maroufyan ◽  
Azhar Kasim ◽  
Goh Yong Meng ◽  
Mahdi Ebrahimi ◽  
Loh Teck Chwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Methionine Supplementation

This study was carried out to investigate the modulatory effects of dietary methionine and fish oil on immune response, plasma fatty acid profile, and blood parameters of infectious bursal disease (IBD) challenged broiler chickens. A total of 300 one-day-old male broiler chicks were assigned to one of six dietary treatment groups in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. There were three levels of fish oil (0, 2.5 and 5.5%), and two levels of methionine (NRC recommendation and twice NRC recommendation). The results showed that the birds fed with 5.5% fish oil had higher total protein, white blood cell count, and IL-2 concentration than those of other groups at 7 days after IBD challenge. Inclusion of fish oil in diet had no effect on IFN-γconcentration. However, supplementation of methionine twice the recommendation enhanced the serum IFN-γand globulin concentration. Neither of fish oil nor methionine supplementation affected the liver enzymes concentration. It can be suggested that a balance of moderate level of fish oil (2.5%) and methionine level (twice NRC recommendation) might enhance immune response in IBD challenged broiler chickens.

Growth performance and spleen and bursa weight of broilers fed yeast beta-glucan

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Rathgeber ◽  
K. L. Budgell ◽  
J. L. MacIsaac ◽  
M. A. Mirza ◽  
K. L. Doncaster
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Growth Promoting

This study evaluated the efficacy of a yeast beta-glucan product (YBG) as a growth-promoting feed ingredient for broilers. Two trials were conducted with day-old chicks assigned to 24 pens (38 birds/pen) and one of three diets: no growth promotant, virginiamycin, or YBG. On days 14 and 38, two birds per pen were euthanized and the spleen and bursa of Fabricius were removed. In the first trial, body weights of birds from each treatment were the same until 38 d, when control birds were smaller (P < 0.05). In the second trial, 38-d body weights were the same for all treatments. A third trial was conducted with half the number of pens per treatment. In the third trial, controls were smaller than YBG at 38 d, but not smaller than virginiamycin. Feed conversion was not affected by diet in trials 2 and 3 but for trial 1 the control birds had poorer conversion than virginiamycin (P < 0.05), but not worse than YBG. Spleen weights were not different between treatment groups. Bursa weights decreased with age for all treatments in trials 2 and 3, but not in trial 1 for controls. These results indicate that YBG is as effective as virginiamycin in promoting growth of broiler chickens. Key words: Broiler chicken, antibiotic, yeast, beta-glucan, growth promotion

scholarly journals Effect of water flow on growth of Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) reared in recirculatory aquaculture system

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Nagar ◽  
Ashutosh Mishra ◽  
Prem Kumar ◽  
Hema Tewari ◽  
R.N. Ram
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Catla Catla ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Indian Major Carp ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Aquaculture System ◽  
Free Carbon Dioxide

Production performance of the Indian major carp, catla Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) was examined at different water flow rates in recirculatory aquaculture system (RAS), in Tarai region of Uttarakhand. The experiment was conducted in 12 FRP tanks of RAS with sand filter and UV filters, with four treatments and three replicates for each treatment viz., control, T0 (83 l h-1 or one time in two days); T1 (667 l h-1 or 4 times in a day); T2 (333 l h-1 or 2 times in a day) and T3 (167 l h-1 one time in a day) from November 2015 to April 2016. The fingerlings of catla having uniform body weight (10.00±0.6 g) were stocked randomly in all treatment groups at the rate of 25 no.m-3. Physical properties of water such as water temperature, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids were analysed weekly throughout the experimental period and ranged from 15.8 to 27.8°C, 271 to 384.3 µS cm-1 and 216.3 to 274 mg l-l, respectively. Water parameters such as pH, dissolve oxygen, free carbon dioxide, alkalinity, hardness, ammonia, nitrate and phosphate were also analysed which varied from 7.2 to 8.4, 5.4 to 7.9 mg l-l, 1.8 to 3 mg l-l, 118 to 167.3 mg l-l, 133.3 to 241.6 mg l-l, 0.02 to 0.08 mg l-l, 0.11 to 0.42 mg l-l and 0.02 to 0.08 mg l-l respectively. The best food conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded in T0 (1.61) followed by T3 (1.65), T1 (1.70) and T2 (1.81). Highest specific growth rate (SGR) was recorded in T2 (0.88%), followed by T1 (0.86%), T3 (0.85%) and T0 (0.84%). The best protein efficiency ratio (PER) was recorded in T2 (2.31) followed by T3 (2.54), T1 (2.56) and T0 (2.62). Among different treatment groups, the survival rate of catla varied from 78 in T0 to 83% in T1.. Significantly higher (p<0.05) growth performance of catla was recorded in T2 as compared to other tanks.

The effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on selected parameters of humoral immunity in calves

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wójcik ◽  
J. Małaczewska ◽  
A.K. Siwicki ◽  
J. Miciński ◽  
G. Zwierzchowski
Keyword(s):  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Ceruloplasmin Activity ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HMB on selected parameters of the humoral immunity in calves. The experiment was performed on 14 calves aged 30 ± 2 days, divided into two equal groups of control (group K) and experimental (group H) animals. The feed administered to the experimental calves was supplemented with HMB at 40 mg/kg BW, whereas the control calves were administered standard farm-made feed without supplementation. Blood was sampled from the jugular vein immediately before the experiment (day 0) and on experimental days 15, 30 and 60 to determine the following immunological parameters: total protein levels, gammaglobulin levels, lysozyme activity and ceruloplasmin activity. An analysis of the results obtained revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05; p < 0.01; p < 0.001 respectively) in gammaglobulin levels and lysozyme activity throughout the entire experimental period, an increase (p < 0.05; p < 0.01 respectively) in ceruloplasmin activity on experimental days 15 and 30, but no changes in serum total protein levels of calves administered HMB as compared to those found in the control group

scholarly journals Blood metabolic profile of broiler chickens fed diets with different types and levels of inulin

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 774-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Kowalczuk-Vasilev ◽  
Eugeniusz R. Grela ◽  
Wioleta Samolińska ◽  
Renata Klebaniuk ◽  
Bożena Kiczorowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Impact

The study was performed to evaluate the effect of a dietary level of two types of inulin differing in the degree of polymerization (DP), supplemented at different levels, on selected metabolic and immunological parameters of broiler chicken blood. Two hundred and forty 1-day-old broiler chickens were fed a diet without inulin addition (control group, C) or with standard inulin from chicory root with DP ≥ 10 (SI) or long-chain inulin (LCI) of DP ≥ 23 (Inulin Orafti®GR or Inulin Orafti®HPX, respectively; Orafti Beneo GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) at a level of 0.2%, 0.4%, or 0.6%. Therefore, 7 dietary treatments were formed. The experiment was carried out for 6 weeks. The addition of inulin had a significant (p ≤ 0.05) impact on the blood parameters analyzed, especially on the protein and lipid profile. The degree of polymerization of inulin and its level in the diet significantly affected the content of glucose and uric acid and creatinine levels in the blood plasma of 21-day-old chickens. The addition of the different types (SI vs. LCI) and levels (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6) of inulin to the diet and the interaction of these factors affected the total protein level and the content of albumins and globulins. Some differences (p ≤ 0.05) were found between the experimental groups in total cholesterol and its HDL fraction content as well as in the activity of ALT and LDH. The other biochemical indices were not affected by the experimental factors. In conclusion, it may be stated that inulin with the higher polymerization degree (LCI; DP ≥ 23) provided better results of the blood metabolic profile throughout the broiler fattening period. However, the impact of this factor is not explicit. The addition of the inulin extract at an amount of 4-6 g per kg of mixture is recommended, but further experiments are recommended....

scholarly journals Cloacal temperature responses of broiler chickens administered with fisetin and probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and exposed to heat stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victory O. Sumanu ◽  
Tagang Aluwong ◽  
Joseph O. Ayo ◽  
Ngozi E. Ogbuagu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Thermoneutral Zone ◽  
Antistress Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
Temperature Responses

Abstract There is dearth information on the role of fisetin as an antistress agent in ameliorating heat stress in broiler chickens. Here, we experimentally compared probiotic, an antioxidant and antistress agent, with fisetin, an antioxidant agent with little or no report on its antistress effect. Sixty-day-old broiler chickens (Arbo Acre breed) were allotted into 4 groups of 15 birds each as follows; control, fisetin, probiotic, and fisetin + probiotic groups, respectively. All administrations were performed orally through gavage for the treatment groups. The environmental and cloacal temperature (CT) parameters were measured bi-hourly at Days 21, 28, and 35 from 7:00 to 7:00 hr, during the period of study. The environmental parameters exceeded the thermoneutral zone for broiler chickens. The probiotic-supplemented group had the least overall mean CT values all through the experimental period. Based on our findings, fisetin was not a potent antistress agent in mitigating heat stress in birds.

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