scholarly journals Evaluating gladiolus varieties for off-season planting using agro-meteorological indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
KIRANJEET KAUR DHATT ◽  
SHALINI JHANJI
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Alexander The Great ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Comparable Quality ◽  
Planting Season

Commercial floriculture is an emerging profitable agro industry in the world with great demand of cut flowers but with a constraint to regulate the supply for longer duration in the markets. The off-season plucked flowers get better price, as glut during peak season affects the profits. This could be achieved by cultivating varieties over a wide range of planting times which demands evaluation of varietal performance under different sowing windows. The present study was conducted with five gladiolus varieties viz. Punjab glance, Punjab lemon delight, Novalux, Rose supreme and Alexander the great planted at six sowing dates starting from 5thJuly to 20th September at 15 days interval. All the varieties gave best performance in terms of days to flowering, plant height, spike length, number of florets per spike, vase life and number of corms per corm when planted on 20th September (nearest to normal planting season).The growth of all varieties was affected under early plantings as they produced taller plants with shorter spikes, reduced number of florets per spike and vase life; took more number of days to flower, accumulated more growing degree days (GDD), helio thermal units (HTU) and photothermal units (PTU). All the varieties under early plantings produced spikes of comparable quality that depicts their tolerance to unfavourable temperature and photoperiod. This characteristic could be used in breeding programmes for development of varieties that could efficiently channelize their accumulated heat units for spike production and could be grown in diverse agro climatic zones. The performance of early planted Punjab glance and Punjab lemon delight was at par to their respective normal plantings. Thus, early planting of these varieties will lead to spike production in September and at this time farmers can fetch good price.

scholarly journals Postharvest physiology of cut flowers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Cavalcante da Costa ◽  
Fernanda Ferreira de Araujo ◽  
Wellington Souto Ribeiro ◽  
Mirelle Nayana de Sousa Santos ◽  
Fernando Luiz Finger
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Flower Senescence ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ethylene Action ◽  
And Control

Abstract The longevity of cut flowers is limited by their ephemeral nature and by multiple stresses. Impairment in water uptake, depletion of stored carbohydrates, increases in both respiratory activity and ethylene production are signatures of flower senescence. A wide range of techniques is available to extend flower preservation, including the use of flower preservative solutions, ethylene action inhibitors, growth regulators, and control of temperature and flower dehydration. The use of sucrose in pulsing solution, or as a component of vase solution, extends the vase life of flowers by either improving water balance and energy or delaying the senescence via reductions in ethylene biosynthesis. Inhibitors of ethylene production and action affect the longevity by extending the vase life of some ethylene-sensitive flowers. Flowers have intense respiratory activity, which may deplete the limited reserves of carbohydrates in the tissues. Lower temperatures markedly reduce both carbon dioxide concentration and ethylene production as well as its action. However, chilling-sensitive flowers, such as bird-of-paradise, heliconia, orchid, and ginger, cannot be stored below 10 to 13°C due to the intense development of tissue discoloration.

scholarly journals TEMPERATURE - GERMINATION RESPONSES OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) GENOTYPES / GERMINACION COMO REACCION A LA TEMPERATURA EN LOS GENOTIPOS DEL GIRASOL (Helianthus annuus L.) / GERMINATION - RÉACTION À LA TEMPÉRATURE DANS LES GÉNOTYPES DE TOURNESOL (Helianthus annuus L.)

Helia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (33) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
F.M. Khalifa ◽  
A.A. Schneiter ◽  
E.I. El Tayeb
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Thermal Time ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cardinal Temperature

SUMMARY Seed germination of six sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids was investigated across a range of eleven constant temperatures between 5°C and 45°C. Large temperature differences in germination rate 1/t (d-1), cardinal temperature (°C) and thermal time θ (°cd) were observed among hybrids. Base temperatures (Tb) varied between 3.3°C and 6.7°C whereas maximum germination temperatures (Tm) varied between 41.7°C and 48.9°C. Final germination fraction was attained at 15°C - 25°C whereas the maximum rate of germination was attained at 30.4°C - 35.6°C. The maximum germination rate of hybrid USDA 894, the cultivar with the slowest germination rate, was only 50% of that of hybrid EX 47. The low Tb and high Tm of sunflower appear to be one of the factors which explain the successful adaptation of sunflower to a wide range of temperature. These findings are discussed in relation to the origin of the crop and its wide adaptations in diverse habitats and climatic zones.

scholarly journals 24-Epibrasinolide Modulates the Vase Life of Lisianthus Cut Flowers by Modulating ACC Oxidase Enzyme Activity and Physiological Responses

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 995
Author(s):  
Mohammad Darvish ◽  
Habib Shirzad ◽  
Mohammadreza Asghari ◽  
Parviz Noruzi ◽  
Abolfazl Alirezalu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Acc Oxidase ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Oxidase Enzyme

Ethylene is the most important factor playing roles in senescence and deterioration of harvested crops including cut flowers. Brassinosteroids (BRs), as natural phytohormones, have been reported to differently modulate ethylene production and related senescence processes in different crops. This study was carried out to determine the effects of different levels of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) on ACC oxidase enzyme activity, the final enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis pathway, vase life, and senescence rate in lisianthus cut flowers. Harvested flowers were treated with EBL (at 0, 3, 6, and 9 µmol/L) and kept at 25 °C for 15 days. The ACC oxidase activity, water absorption, malondialdehyde (MDA) production and vase solution absorption rates, chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents, and the vase life of the flowers were evaluated during and at the end of storage. EBL at 3 µmol/L significantly (p ≤ 0.01) enhanced the flower vase life by decreasing the ACC oxidase activity, MDA production and senescence rates, and enhancing chlorophyll and anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation, relative water content, and vase solution absorption rates. By increasing the concentration, EBL negatively affected the flower vase life and postharvest quality probably via enhancing the ACC oxidase enzyme activity and subsequent ethylene production. EBL at 6 and 9 µmol/L and in a concentration dependent manner, enhanced the ACC oxidase activity and MDA production rate and decreased chlorophyll and anthocyanin accumulation and water absorption rate. The results indicate that the effects of brassinosteroids on ethylene production and physiology of lisianthus cut flowers is highly dose dependent.

scholarly journals Blue Light Improves Vase Life of Carnation Cut Flowers Through Its Effect on the Antioxidant Defense System

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Aalifar ◽  
Sasan Aliniaeifard ◽  
Mostafa Arab ◽  
Mahboobeh Zare Mehrjerdi ◽  
Shirin Dianati Daylami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Cut Flowers

scholarly journals Evidence for improved pollen viability as the mechanism for film antitranspirant mitigation of drought damage to wheat yield

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minuka M. Weerasinghe ◽  
Peter S. Kettlewell ◽  
Ivan G. Grove ◽  
Martin C. Hare
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drought Damage

Application of film antitranspirant to wheat during late stem extension reduces drought damage to yield, but the mechanism is unknown. Field experiments under rain shelters were conducted over 3 years to test the hypothesis that film antitranspirant applied before meiosis alleviates drought-induced losses of pollen viability, grain number and yield. The film antitranspirant di-1-p-menthene was applied at third-node stage, and meiosis occurred at the early boot stage, with a range of 11–16 days after spray application in different years. Irrigated, unsprayed plots were included under the rain-shelters, and pollen viability, measured in 2 years in these plots, averaged 95.3%. Drought reduced pollen viability to 80.1% in unirrigated, unsprayed plots, but only to 88.6% in unirrigated plots treated with film antitranspirant. Grain number and yield of irrigated plots, measured in all years, were 16 529 m–2 and 9.55 t ha–1, respectively, on average. These were reduced by drought to 11 410 m–2 and 6.31 t ha–1 in unirrigated, unsprayed plots, but only to 12 878 m–2 and 6.97 t ha–1 in unirrigated plots treated with film antitranspirant. Thus compared with unirrigated, unsprayed plots, antitranspirant gave a grain yield benefit of 0.66 t ha–1. Further work is needed to validate the pollen viability mechanism in different climatic zones and with a wide range of cultivars.

Effects of calcium oxide nanoparticles on vase life of gerbera cut flowers

2022 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 110532
Author(s):  
Alberto García-González ◽  
Lluvia de Abril Alexandra Soriano-Melgar ◽  
María Luisa Cid-López ◽  
Gladis Yakeline Cortez-Mazatán ◽  
Esmeralda Mendoza-Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cut Flowers

scholarly journals Improving the Keeping Quality and Vase Life of Cut Alstroemeria Flowers by Pre and Post-harvest Salicylic Acid Treatments

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz SOLEIMANY-FARD ◽  
Khodayar HEMMATI ◽  
Ahmad KHALIGHI
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Keeping Quality

Keeping quality and length of vase life are important factors for evaluation of cut flowers quality, for both domestic and export markets. Studding the effect of pre- and post-harvest salicylic acid applications on keeping quality and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers during vase period is the approach taken. Aqueous solutions of salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM were sprayed to run-off (approximately 500 mL per plant), about two weeks before flowers harvest. The cut flowers were harvested in the early morning and both of cut flowers treated (sprayed) and untreated were kept in vase solutions containing salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM. Sucrose at 4% was added to all treatments as a base solution. The changes in relative fresh weight, water uptake, water loss, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life were estimated during vase period. The results showed that the relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life decreased significantly while the water loss increased significantly during experiment for all treatments. A significant difference between salicylic acid and control treatments in all measured parameters is observed. During vase period, the salicylic acid treatments maintained significantly a more favourable relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and supressed significantly water loss, as compared to control treatment. Also, the results showed that the using salicylic acid increased significantly the vase life cut alstroemeria flowers, over control. The highest values of measured parameters were found when plants were treated by pre + post-harvest application of salicylic acid at 3 mM. The result revealed that the quality attributes and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers were improved by the use of salicylic acid treatment.

scholarly journals Quantifying seed production by volunteer canola (Brassica napus) and Sinapis arvensis

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-497
Author(s):  
E Soltani ◽  
A Soltani ◽  
S Galeshi ◽  
F Ghaderi-far ◽  
E Zeinali
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Sinapis Arvensis ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Close Relationship

Volunteer canola (Brassica napus) and Sinapis arvensis are well identified weeds of different cropping systems. Quantitative information on regarding seed production by them is limited. Such information is necessary to model dynamics of soil seed banks. The aim of this work was to quantify seed production as a function of the size of those weeds. A wide range of plant size was produced by using a fan seeding system performed at two sowing dates (environments). Plant size varied from 3 to 167 g per plant for canola and from 6 to 104 g per plant for S. arvensis. Seed production ranged from 543 to14,773 seeds per plant for canola, and from 264 to 10,336 seeds per plant for S. arvensis. There was a close relationship between seed production per plant and plant size which was well-described by a power function (y = 130.6x0.94; R² = 0.93 for canola and y = 28x1.27; R² = 0.95 for S. arvensis). There was also strong relationships among the number of pods produced in individual plants and the quantity of seeds produced (g per plant) with the size of the plant. The relationships found in this study can be used in dynamic seed bank models of volunteer canola and S. arvensis.

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomic Analysis during the Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Hydrogen Gas-Improved Postharvest Freshness in Cut Lilies

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianqiang Huo ◽  
Dengjing Huang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Hua Fang ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Atp Synthase ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Proteomics Analysis ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Relationship

Our previous studies suggested that both hydrogen gas (H2) and nitric oxide (NO) could enhance the postharvest freshness of cut flowers. However, the crosstalk of H2 and NO during that process is unknown. Here, cut lilies (Lilium “Manissa”) were used to investigate the relationship between H2 and NO and to identify differentially accumulated proteins during postharvest freshness. The results revealed that 1% hydrogen-rich water (HRW) and 150 μM sodium nitroprusside (SNP) significantly extended the vase life and quality, while NO inhibitors suppressed the positive effects of HRW. Proteomics analysis found 50 differentially accumulated proteins in lilies leaves which were classified into seven functional categories. Among them, ATP synthase CF1 alpha subunit (chloroplast) (AtpA) was up-regulated by HRW and down-regulated by NO inhibitor. The expression level of LlatpA gene was consistent with the result of proteomics analysis. The positive effect of HRW and SNP on ATP synthase activity was inhibited by NO inhibitor. Meanwhile, the physiological-level analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic parameters also agreed with the expression of AtpA regulated by HRW and SNP. Altogether, our results suggested that NO might be involved in H2-improved freshness of cut lilies, and AtpA protein may play important roles during that process.

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