Insecticidal Activities of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Indonesian Mangrove Fungus Emericella nidulans BPPTCC 6038 on Spodoptera litura

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
SILVA ABRAHAM ◽  
◽  
ADI BASUKRIADI ◽  
SUYANTO PAWIROHARSONO ◽  
WELLYZAR SJAMSURIDZAL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Emericella Nidulans ◽  
Insecticidal Activities

Evaluation of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of ethyl acetate extract of Aspergillus flavus on Spodoptera litura

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 881-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kaur ◽  
P. Chadha ◽  
S. Kaur ◽  
A. Kaur ◽  
R. Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects

Schizophyllum commune induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep Kaur ◽  
Pooja Chadha ◽  
Sanehdeep Kaur ◽  
Amarjeet Kaur ◽  
Rajvir Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Detoxifying Enzymes

Abstract Background: In a search for the mechanism of action of an endophytic fungus Schizophyllum commune against Spodoptera litura, the effect of its ethyl acetate extract was judged on antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes as well as on morphology of haemocytes. Results: Ethyl acetate extract of S.commune was administrated to the larvae of S.litura using artificial diet method having concentration 276.54µg/ml (LC50 of fungus). The effect on antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes (Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione-S-Transferase) was observed using haemolymph and midgut of insect larvae for different time intervals (24, 48, 72 and 96). In additionally, haemocytes morphology was also studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) after 96hr. In particular, to resist the toxicity, the activities of the antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes (Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione-S-Transferase) significantly (p≤0.05) increased in both the tissues of treated larvae as compared to control. The exposed group revealed various deformities in haemocytes of S.litura like breakage in the cell membrane, cytoplasmic leakage and appearance of strumae etc. Conclusion: This study provides important information regarding the oxidative stress causing potential and immunosuppressant nature of S.commune against S.litura and elucidates the patterns of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes activities and changes in haemocytes in the susceptible larvae.

Aspergillus Flavus Induced Oxidative Stress and Immunosuppressive Activity in Spodoptera Litura As Well As Safety for Mammals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep Kaur ◽  
Pooja Chadha ◽  
Sanehdeep Kaur ◽  
Amarjeet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities ◽  
Cellular Immune

Abstract In an attempt to find toxicity of Aspergillus flavus in insects, Spodoptera litura was treated with A.flavus ethyl acetate extract and toxicity was assessed by analyzing the effect of fungal extract on antioxidant and cellular immune defense. In antioxidant defense, the lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde content) and antioxidant enzymes activities (Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase) were examined. In cellular immune defense, effect of A. flavus extract was analyzed on haemocytes using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Ethyl acetate extract of A. flavus was administrated to the larvae of S.litura using artificial diet method having concentration 1340.84µg/ml (LC50 of fungus). The effect was observed using haemolymph of insect larvae for different time intervals (24, 48, 72 and 96). In particular, Malondialdehyde content and antioxidant enzymes activities were found to be significantly (p≤0.05) increased in treated larvae as compared to control. A. flavus ethyl acetate extract also exhibit negative impact on haemocytes having major role in cellular immune defense. Various deformities were observed in different haemocytes like cytoplasmic leakage and surface abnormalities etc. Furthermore, mammalian toxicity was analyzed with respect to DNA damage induced in treated rat relative to control. Genotoxicity on rat was assessed using different tissues of rat (blood, liver, and kidney) by comet assay. Non-significant effect of A. flavus extract was found in all the tissues (blood, liver, and kidney). Overall the study provides important information regarding the oxidative stress causing potential and immunosuppressant nature of A. flavus against S. litura and its non toxicity to mammals (rat).

Antinociceptive profile of ethyl acetate extract of Hyptis fruticosa Salzm. ex Benth. (Labiatae)

Planta Medica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Marçal ◽  
DM Ptak ◽  
RR Krempser ◽  
MR Krempser ◽  
SV Floresta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract

Phytochemical screening for identification of bioactive compounds of Lantana camara Linn. (Verbenaceae) responsible for larvicidal action against Aedes triseriatus Say, 1823 (Diptera : Culicidae)

ENTOMON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Rhitayu Chakraborti ◽  
Probir Kumar Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Lc50 Value

Study to assess the larvicidal property of Lantana camara leaves against Aedes triseriatus larvae found that the ethyl acetate extract had profound larvicidal action with the crude extract having a LC50 value of 409.831ppm. GC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate extract confirmed the presence of twenty-one compounds out of which beta-caryophyllene covered the highest percentage of the chromatogram area. Further tests with beta-caryophyllene against the mosquito larvae proved it to be the active ingredient of L. Camara with a LC50 value of 104.243ppm.

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Northeast Algerian Marrubium vulgare

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S119-S129
Author(s):  
I. Namoune ◽  
B. Khettal ◽  
A.M. Assaf ◽  
S. Elhayek ◽  
L. Arrar
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Marrubium Vulgare ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Marrubium vulgare (Lamiaceae) is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat many illnesses from ancient times. Its beneficial effects include antibacterial, antioedematogenic, and analgesic activities. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of organic and aqueous extracts of the leaves, the flowers, the stems, and the roots of Marrubium vulgare. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effects of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts have been investigated by using different in-vitro methods. It was found that the ethyl acetate extract from Marrubium vulgare stems had the highest total phenolic content, while the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves yielded a high concentration of flavonoids. The ethyl acetate extract from the stems exhibited the highest activity in scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), as well as in protecting erythrocytes. The leaves aqueous extract exhibited the highest ferrous chelating activity and its methanolic extract was found to be the strongest inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in β-carotene bleaching assay. The leaves chloroform extracts as well as the flowers methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts were found to decrease the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) cytokine levels in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, the flowers methanolic extract and the leaves methanol, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts decreased the interleukin-1 beta (IL- 1β) release. It was also found that the methanol extract from the flowers and the chloroform extract from the stems of Marrubium vulgare inhibited interleukin-8 (IL-8) release. This study provides a scientific basis for the traditional use of Marrubium vulgare as an anti-inflammatory agent and for the plant to be considered as an important resource of natural antioxidants.

In-vitro bactericidal activity of a novel plant source Plumeria pudica against some human and fish pathogenic bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhaisi Das ◽  
Sunanda Burman ◽  
Goutam Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Aldehyde Groups

Background: The only remedy for up surging problem of antibiotic resistance is the discovery of antibacterial agents of natural origin. Objective: The present study was aimed at finding antibacterial potential of crude and solvent extracts of mature leaves of Plumeria pudica. Methods: Antibacterial activity of three different solvent extracts were evaluated in four human and four fish pathogenic bacteria by measuring the zone of inhibition and determining Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration values. Standard antibiotics were used as positive control. Preliminary phytochemical screening of most effective extract i.e., ethyl acetate extract, Fourier Transform Infra Red analysis and GC-MS analysis of the Thin Layer Chromatographic (TLC) fraction of ethyl acetate extract were done meticulously. All experiments were done thrice and analyzed statistically. Results: Crude leaf extracts and solvent extracts caused good inhibition of bacterial growth in all selected bacteria. Ethyl acetate extract showed highest inhibition zones in all tested strains with maximum inhibition (19.50±0.29 mm) in Escherichia coli (MTCC 739). MBC/MIC of the extracts indicated that all three solvent extracts were bactericidal. Preliminary phytochemical tests revealed the presence of tannins, steroids and alkaloids and FT-IR analysis revealed presence of many functional groups namely alcoholic, amide, amine salt and aldehyde groups. From the GC-MS analysis of TLC fraction of ethyl acetate extract five different bioactive compounds e.g., 2,4-ditert –butylphenyl 5-hydroxypentanoate, Oxalic acid; allyl nonyl ester, 7,9-Ditert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione, Dibutyl phthalate and 2,3,5,8-tetramethyl-decane were identified. Conclusion: Leaf extracts of P. pudica contain bioactive compounds that can be used as broad spectrum bactericidal agent.

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