scholarly journals Central incisors shape and proportions prevalence in Argentinian university students: by visual assessment and a new standardized method

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
María Trigo-Humaran ◽  
Alan Agüero-Romero ◽  
Marcela Lespade ◽  
Juan García-Cuerva ◽  
María Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Incisal Edge ◽  
Type V ◽  
Kappa Agreement ◽  
Stone Type ◽  
Level Of Agreement

The aim of this study was to analyze the dimensions of the clinical crown of upper central incisors and the prevalence of tooth shapes by two different protocols. Assessment was performed on each of the 111 dental stone type V maxillae models of students of dentistry from Buenos Aires University [93 females and 18 males, mean age 23.70 (± 2.26) years] The mesial and distal-vestibular angles were defined on each right upper incisor, and the following segments were defined: AB (zenith - incisal edge), CD, EF, GH (apical, middle, and incisal thirds - vestibule - mesial and vestibule-distal angles) and their lengths were determined with a precision caliper. Then, the CD/AB, EF/AB and mean CD-EF/AB ratios were calculated. Shapes were assessed by four independent observers, three of whom evaluated digital images of the models, while the fourth had no access to the images, and determined the shapes using an algorithm developed from the dimensions of the studied segments. Rates and confidence intervals were determined, and Fleiss’ Kappa was calculated to assess the agreement among the evaluators who worked with the images and among all of them. Average incisor length was 10 mm, and widths at CD and EF were 7.35 mm (0.65) and 8.27 mm (0.58), respectively. Regarding shapes, 51.58% (47.90-55.20) of the incisors were identified as square, 18.02% (14.50-21.90) as ovoid and 30.41% (30.00-30.90) as triangular. Fleiss’ Kappa agreement was 0.71 (0.62-0.80). The application of the proposed algorithm provided a considerable level of agreement among the observers. Regarding tooth size, both the average segment length and the proportions were similar to those reported by various authors.

scholarly journals Assessment of the accuracy of different systems for measuring football velocity and spin rate in the field

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrine Okholm Kryger ◽  
Séan Mitchell ◽  
Steph Forrester
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Error ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Football Player ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ball Velocity ◽  
Level Of Agreement

The aim of this study was to measure the level of agreement of four portable football velocity and spin rate measurement systems (Jugs speed radar gun, 2-D high-speed video, TrackMan and adidas miCoach football) against a Vicon motion analysis system. One skilled male university football player performed 70 shots covering a wide range of ball velocities (12–30 m s−1) and spin rates (94–743 r/min). A Bland–Altman analysis was used to assess the level of agreement. For ball velocity, the 2-D high-speed video had the smallest systematic error, followed by the radar gun, TrackMan and miCoach football at 0.2, 0.4, 0.5 and 4.8 m s−1, respectively. A similar ranking was also observed for the random errors (95% confidence intervals: ±0.4, ±1.5, ±1.9 and ±6.0 m s−1). The first three systems all tracked ball velocity in >90% of shots, while the miCoach football tracked slightly fewer shots (79%). For spin rate, the miCoach football had a much smaller systematic error (4 vs 38 r/min) and random error (95% confidence intervals: ±24 vs ±355 r/min) compared to TrackMan. The miCoach also successfully tracked spin rate in more shots than the TrackMan (79% vs 44%). These results indicate that 2-D high-speed video would be the preferred option for the field assessment of ball velocity; however, radar gun and TrackMan may also be appropriate. A minimum of 10 frames of 2-D high-speed video, captured close to the ball starting position, was demonstrated to be sufficient in providing a reliable measure of ball velocity. The miCoach ball is the preferred option for field assessment of ball spin rate.

Experimental instrumentation and left ventricular pressure-strain relationship

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (6) ◽  
pp. H1693-H1697 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. W. Scott-Douglas ◽  
M. Traboulsi ◽  
E. R. Smith ◽  
J. V. Tyberg
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Strain Relationship ◽  
Pressure Volume Relationship ◽  
Pericardial Pressure ◽  
The Individual

Pericardial pressure measurement with a balloon transducer requires opening and reapproximating the pericardium. If this instrumentation significantly compromises pericardial volume, the heart may be constrained, exaggerating the magnitude of pericardial pressure and thus altering the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship. In open-chest dogs, we studied the effects of opening the pericardium, inserting a pericardial balloon transducer and myocardial sonomicrometer crystals, and reapproximating the pericardium on the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure-strain relationship (LVEDPSR). After a thoracotomy, sonomicrometer crystals were inserted through small holes (less than 3 mm) in the pericardium to measure LV segment length. A micromanometer with a reference lumen was used to measure LV pressure. LVEDPSRs were recorded in the following situations: 1) before the pericardium was opened (but after the crystals were inserted); 2) after the pericardium was opened, the heart was instrumented (4 pairs of crystals and 1 balloon), and the pericardium was reapproximated with interrupted sutures; and 3) after the pericardium was removed. For each dog, a cubic regression equation was fitted to the data obtained before opening the pericardium, and the 95% confidence intervals for the individual data points were determined. In each case, the LVEDPSR obtained after instrumentation was similar to the LVEDPSR described before opening the pericardium. Furthermore, data obtained after instrumentation were uniformly located within the confidence intervals of the LVEDPSR obtained before opening the pericardium and instrumenting the heart.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Analysis of the internal anatomy of mandibular molars using different cone-beam computed tomography protocols

RSBO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Flares Baratto-Filho ◽  
Nathaly Dias Morais ◽  
Kauhanna Vianna de Oliveira ◽  
Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho ◽  
Carla Castiglia Gonzaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Mandibular Molars ◽  
Type V ◽  
Level Of Agreement

The aim of this study was to analyze the root canal anatomy variations of permanent mandibular molars using three different cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) protocols. Material and methods: Thirty-five freshly extracted first and second mandibular molars were collected and subjected to three CBCT protocols: i-CAT Classic (ICC); i-CAT Next Generation (ICN), and PreXion 3D (PXD). Images were evaluated by two previously calibrated and experienced endodontists. The morphological root canal configurations were classified according to Vertucci. Data were analyzed for frequency, and the binomial and Kappa tests were then performed (α = 0.05). Results: ICC and ICN were able to diagnose a higher percentage of anatomical variations in the mesial roots. In this same root, Vertucci’s type V was the most prevalent, and in distal was the type I. In comparisons of CBCT techniques for agreement, significant differences in the mesial root canals were found in the following: ICC versus (vs) ICN; ICC vs PXD; and ICN vs PXD (p <0.001). However, there were no statistical differences in the distal root canals (p >0.05). The level of agreement in mesial roots was poor or absent, while in distal was moderate.

Comparing Underlying and Contributory Cause of Death in Registry Data With End-of-Life Proxy Interviews: Findings From The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482093529
Author(s):  
Mark Ward ◽  
Peter May ◽  
Charles Normand ◽  
Rose Anne Kenny ◽  
Anne Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Underlying Cause Of Death ◽  
Kappa Agreement ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Cause of death is an important outcome in end-of-life (EOL) research. However, difficulties in assigning cause of death have been well documented. We compared causes of death in national death registrations with those reported in EOL interviews. Data were from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older. The kappa agreement statistic was estimated to assess the level of agreement between two methods: cause of death reported in EOL interviews and those recorded in official death registrations. There was moderate agreement between underlying cause of death recorded on death certificates and those reported in EOL interviews. Discrepancies in reporting in EOL interviews were systematic with better agreement found among younger decedents and where the EOL informant was the decedents’ partner/spouse. We have shown that EOL interviews may have limited utility if the main goal is to understand the predictors and antecedents of different causes of death.

scholarly journals Agreement between the Clinical and Autopsy Results of Children Who Died with Pneumonia in Pediatric Intensive Care

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Vásquez-Hoyos ◽  
Laura C. Bernal-Peña ◽  
Daniel A. Castro-Gómez ◽  
Lina Jaramillo ◽  
José F. Polo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care Units ◽  
Kappa Agreement ◽  
Level Of Agreement

AbstractThe study aimed to measure the agreement between the clinical and anatomopathological results of children who died with pneumonia from two pediatric intensive care units. Pediatric patients chosen were those who died between January 2008 and December 2015. The agreement was tested with Kappa. A total of 111 autopsies were included. Upon autopsy, 58 had pneumonia, 33 had it clinically and pathologically, 24 only clinically, and one only in autopsy. The Kappa agreement was 0.5 (95% confidence interval of 0.4 to 0.7). The level of agreement between the clinic and the autopsy is moderate. However, the consistency in cases of clinical pneumonia is low.

The assessment of pig meat paleness by reflectance photometry

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. MacDougall ◽  
A. Cuthbertson ◽  
R. J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Satisfactory Level ◽  
Pig Meat ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Level Of Agreement

SUMMARYA portable EEL reflectometer was modified to measure the variations in the brightness of pig meat. The instrument was calibrated spectrophotometrically with reference to the luminous reflectance of standardized materials and selected meat samples. A very satisfactory level of agreement between the instrument and the visual assessment of muscle paleness was found in an investigation involving 251 pigs.

Open discussion

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 605-613
Author(s):  
P. S. Conti
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
List Type ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Open Discussion ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ring Nebulae

Conti: One of the main conclusions of the Wolf-Rayet symposium in Buenos Aires was that Wolf-Rayet stars are evolutionary products of massive objects. Some questions:–Do hot helium-rich stars, that are not Wolf-Rayet stars, exist?–What about the stability of helium rich stars of large mass? We know a helium rich star of ∼40 MO. Has the stability something to do with the wind?–Ring nebulae and bubbles : this seems to be a much more common phenomenon than we thought of some years age.–What is the origin of the subtypes? This is important to find a possible matching of scenarios to subtypes.

The diagnosis of metabolic storage disease in skin biopsies (a light-, electronmicroscopic, and analytical study)

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 648-649
Author(s):  
W. Jurecka ◽  
W. Gebhart ◽  
H. Lassmann
Keyword(s):  
Storage Disease ◽  
Hunter Syndrome ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Type I ◽  
Storage Material ◽  
Scheie Syndrome ◽  
Storage Products ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Type V

Diagnosis of metabolic storage disease can be established by the determination of enzymes or storage material in blood, urine, or several tissues or by clinical parameters. Identification of the accumulated storage products is possible by biochemical analysis of isolated material, by histochemical demonstration in sections, or by ultrastructural demonstration of typical inclusion bodies. In order to determine the significance of such inclusions in human skin biopsies several types of metabolic storage disease were investigated. The following results were obtained.In MPS type I (Pfaundler-Hurler-Syndrome), type II (Hunter-Syndrome), and type V (Ullrich-Scheie-Syndrome) mainly “empty” vacuoles were found in skin fibroblasts, in Schwann cells, keratinocytes and macrophages (Dorfmann and Matalon 1972). In addition, prominent vacuolisation was found in eccrine sweat glands. The storage material could be preserved in part by fixation with cetylpyridiniumchloride and was also present within fibroblasts grown in tissue culture.

Collagen fibrillogenesis in vitro: interaction of types I and V collagen

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
Arthur J. Wasserman ◽  
Kathy C. Kloos ◽  
David E. Birk
Keyword(s):  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Corneal Stroma ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type V Collagen ◽  
Fibril Morphology ◽  
Type V ◽  
In Vitro Interaction

Type I collagen is the predominant collagen in the cornea with type V collagen being a quantitatively minor component. However, the content of type V collagen (10-20%) in the cornea is high when compared to other tissues containing predominantly type I collagen. The corneal stroma has a homogeneous distribution of these two collagens, however, immunochemical localization of type V collagen requires the disruption of type I collagen structure. This indicates that these collagens may be arranged as heterpolymeric fibrils. This arrangement may be responsible for the control of fibril diameter necessary for corneal transparency. The purpose of this work is to study the in vitro assembly of collagen type V and to determine whether the interactions of these collagens influence fibril morphology.

The distribution and density of ciliary tufts on the siphons of Anodonta cygnea (Mollusca: Bivalvia)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-519
Author(s):  
Wen-lung Wu
Keyword(s):  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Sensory Receptors ◽  
Anodonta Cygnea ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Inhalant Siphon ◽  
Type V

The mantle of bivalves has come entirely to enclose the laterally compressed body and the mantle margin has assumed a variety of functions, one of the pricipal ones being sensory. Ciliary tufts, which are probably sensory, have been reported from the mantle and siphons of several bivalves1∽4. Certain regions of the mantle margin are likely to be more or less, sensitive to certain stimuli than others. The inhalant siphon is likely to be particularly sensitive to both chemical and mechanical stimuli, whereas the exhalant siphon will be less sensitive to both. The distribution and density of putative sensory receptors on the in-and ex-halant siphon is compared in this paper.The excised siphons were fixed in glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide, the whole procedure of SEM study is recorded in Wu's thesis.Type II cilia cover the tips of tentacles, 6.13um. Type IV and type V cilia are found on the surface of tentacles. Type IV cilia are occasionally present at the tips of tentacles, 8 um long. They are the commonest type on the surface of tentacles. Type VI cilia occor in the internal surface of the inhalant siphon, but are not found on the surface of tentacles, 6.7-10um long.

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