scholarly journals Dental fluorosis severity in children 8-12 years old and associated factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-165
Author(s):  
Alexandra Saldarriaga ◽  
Diego Rojas-Gualdrón ◽  
Manuel Restrepo ◽  
Lourdes Santos-Pinto ◽  
Fabiano Jeremias
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Preparation ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wood Stove ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and severity of dental fluorosis (DF) and the association between severity and risk factors. In a cross-sectional study, 8- to 12-year-old children, born in a Colombian district, were evaluated according to the Thylstrup and Fejerskov Index (TFI) by two calibrated examiners. Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) and dental caries (DC) were also evaluated. Ordinal logistic regression was applied p<0.05). Risk factors and lifestyle factors were collected using a questionnaire answered by parents. DF was detected in 76 (98.7%) of the children (average of 18.4 ±1.81 permanent teeth affected). Grade TF2 was the most frequently observed (34.8%); TF5 was observed in all age groups; TF6- TF7 were observed in 12-year-olds. No association was found between DF severity and DC (Odds Ratio (OR)=1.35; 95%CI: 0.56-3.26) or MIH (OR=1.39; 95%CI: 0.43-4.46). DF severity was significantly associated with use of an indoor wood stove for food preparation (OR = 9.34; 95%CI: 1.11-78.57) and use of a pea-sized volume of toothpaste (OR = 27.42; 95%CI: 1.57-477.36). Prevalence of DC was 38.1% and prevalence of MIH was 14.4%. In this population, the frequency of DF was high and severity was associated with use of an indoor wood stove for food preparation and toothpaste amount used during childhood.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Dental Caries among 13 and 15-Year-Old School Children in an Endemic Fluorosis Area: A Cross-sectional Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Sudhakar ◽  
K Amarendher Reddy ◽  
BR Anuradha ◽  
G Sri Laxmi ◽  
VN Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Endemic Fluorosis ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Aim To assess the prevalence of dental caries and dental fluorosis among 13- to 15-year-old school children in Panyam, Andhra Pradesh, India. Materials and methods The cross-sectional study was conducted among 202 school children and were examined for dental fluorosis and dental caries. Results This study shows that male students have a decrease in DMFT (Decayed, missing, filled, teeth) index and increase in Dean's index when compared with females. Among students with 13 to 15 years of age, 13-year-old student has increase in DMFT score when compared with other age groups and 14-year-old students has increase in Dean's score when compared with other age group students. Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries decreased with the increase of fluorosis among the students examined. Clinical significance Patients with dental fluorosis show a decreased prevalence of dental caries. How to cite this article Anuradha BR, Sri Laxmi G, Sudhakar P, Malik VN, Reddy KA, Reddy SN, Prasanna AL. Prevalence of Dental Caries among 13 and 15-Year-Old School Children in an Endemic Fluorosis Area: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6):447-450.

scholarly journals SP189THE CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS OF MORTALITY FOR AKI IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS IN CHINA—A NATIONAL CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. i149-i150
Author(s):  
Qing Wei ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
Yan Tu ◽  
Ri Ning Tang ◽  
Yan Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The characteristics and mortality risk factors for acute kidney injury in different age groups in China—a cross sectional study

Renal Failure ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1413-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Wei ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
Yan- Tu ◽  
Ri-Ning Tang ◽  
Yan-Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Modifiable and Non-modifiable Risk Factors Association with Functional Dyspepsia

2021 ◽  
pp. 489-493
Author(s):  
Prem Kumar Maheshwari ◽  
Hassan Liaquat Memon ◽  
Kapeel Raja ◽  
Shaista Zeb ◽  
Kamran Ahmed Almani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the frequency of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors of functional dyspepsia in our population. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study has been conducted department of gastroenterology of Isra University Hospital from February 2019 to January 2020. All the patients of all age groups presented with functional dyspepsia and either of gender were included in the study. Patients were interviewed regarding modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors like age, gender, smoking, body mass index, alcohol consumption and stress. All the data was gathered via study proforma. Results: Total 200 cases of functional dyspepsia were studied for modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Mean age of the cases was 49.45+6.33 years. Most of the cases were more than 40 years of the age. Males were 64.5% and females were 40.5%. According to the ethnicity Sindhi and Punjabi were commonest as 40.5% and 35.0% respectively. Inadequate physical activity and smoking habits were highly prevalent as 57.5% and 36.0% respectively. Conclusion: As per study conclusion age more than thirty years, male gender, ethnicity of Sindhi and Punjabi, smoking and inadequate physical activity were observed to be highly prevalent modifiable and non-modifiable risk factor of the functional dyspepsia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors among Bhutanese Monks in Thimphu, Bhutan: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Kinley Bidha ◽  
Nazmul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Hypertension is a major health problem and it accounts for more than 9.4 million people to die every year globally due to its high complications. It is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and high research importance has been given due to its high prevalence. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and to assess its risk factors among monks populations in Thimphu. A cross-sectional study with purposive sampling method was conducted among the five different monasteries in Thimphu. A self administered questionnaire was structured for 307 monks from age 18 and above. The prevalence rate of hypertension in the present study was 32.6% among Bhutanese monks. Hypertension is significantly higher in elder age groups which conclude that hypertension increase with the increase of age and have a strong association. Alcohol use, betel consumption, and physical inactivity were found to be significant risk factors for developing hypertension. With the 32.6% prevalence rate, only 26% of them are receiving medications. There is an impending need for effective intervention strategies.

CATARACT DISEASE;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (09) ◽  
pp. 1420-1424
Author(s):  
Shahan Saleem ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Azeemi ◽  
Rehan Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
Study Setting

Introduction: Cataract is one of the reversible cause of decreased vision orcataract. Its highest incidence can be seen among senile and diabetics. Patients present inOpthalmology OPD with the cataract or with one of the complications of cataract. Objectives:To study the awareness of cataract disease, knowledge of risk factors and major barrierswhich result in the delayed presentation. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Itwas conducted in ophthalmology OPD. Duration: January 2017 to March 2017 (3 months).Materials & Methods: About 100 patients were selected by nonrandom purposive sampling.They were given questionnaires or direct questions were asked to fill the questionnaires.Results: 69% were males and 31% were females with age groups ranging from 35 to 95 yearsof age. Mean age was 60.90 with an SD of 11.28. About 74% of the patients were having alow educational level. For 71% of the patients, ophthalmologist was the source of informationabout his/her ailment. 57% of the people know about the nature of their disease. Regardingthe delay in presentation (36%) presented in less than 3 months after they first noticed blurringof vision. About 20% patient presented after a period of 1 year after feeling of low vision. 59%of patients knew that cataract incidence increases with age. 72% of patients knew that visioncan be restored after cataract surgery. Knowledge about the improvement of the eye conditionby microsurgery was 66%. Knowledge about the complications of cataract was estimated todecreased vision (61%), blindness (23%), pain (9%), cosmetic problems (2%), others (5%).Reasons for delay include waiting for cataract to mature (53%), financial problems (13%), toofar no people to accompany (12%), no time ( 10%), afraid (6%), don’t want to operate (4%),no reason (2%). Knowledge about the risk factors was estimated to be as diabetes (67%),hypertension (23%), others NOS (10%). Conclusion: There is a lack of awareness about thecataract disease, its complications and risk factors which result in the late presentation of thecataract patients. Patients, as well as general public, need to be educated by various means toprevent the complications of cataract and blindness.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of CoronaVac Side Effects: An Independent Cross-Sectional Study among Healthcare Workers in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2629
Author(s):  
Abanoub Riad ◽  
Derya Sağıroğlu ◽  
Batuhan Üstün ◽  
Andrea Pokorná ◽  
Jitka Klugarová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is a serious threat to mass vaccination strategies that need to be accelerated currently in order to achieve a substantial level of community immunity. Independent (non-sponsored) studies have a great potential to enhance public confidence in vaccines and accelerate their uptake process. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study for the side effects (SE) of CoronaVac was carried out in February 2021 among Turkish healthcare workers who were recently vaccinated. The questionnaire inquired about local and systemic SEs that occurred in the short-term, within four weeks, following vaccination. Results: A total of 780 healthcare workers were included in this study; 62.5% of them experienced at least one SE. Injection site pain (41.5%) was the most common local SE, while fatigue (23.6%), headache (18.7%), muscle pain (11.2%) and joint pain (5.9%) were the common systemic SEs. Female healthcare workers (67.9%) were significantly more affected by local and systemic SEs than male colleagues (51.4%). Younger age, previous infection, and compromised health status (chronic illnesses and regular medicines uptake) can be associated with an increased risk of CoronaVac SEs; Conclusions: The independent research shows a higher prevalence of CoronaVac SEs than what is reported by phase I–III clinical trials. In general, the results of this study confirm the overall safety of CoronaVac and suggest potential risk factors for its SEs. Gender-based differences and SEs distribution among age groups are worth further investigation.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Cusp Fractures in Posterior Permanent Teeth—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9299
Author(s):  
Susana Morimoto ◽  
Wilma K. C. Lia ◽  
Flavia Gonçalves ◽  
Denis Yudi Nagase ◽  
Thais Gimenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Factors Associated

Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the frequency and risk factors associated with cusp fractures in posterior permanent teeth. Methods: Patients presented cusp fractures on posterior permanent teeth, clinically assessed in up to 7 days after the event, and requesting dental treatment at two public services were included in this cross-sectional study. Fractured teeth already treated, with antagonist absence, or with prosthesis (total or removable) were excluded. Demographic and clinical data were collected to draw the patient profiles and establish how teeth were affected individually. Statistical analysis was performed by the Fisher exact test, and uni- and multivariate logistic regression (α = 0.05). Results: One hundred and seventy-seven (177) patients from 16 to 66 years old (±41.56), from 1998 to 2016, were included in this study. Non-functional and lingual cusps presented a higher fracture than functional and buccal cusps, respectively. Fractures were more common in teeth with isthmus wider than 1/3 of the intercuspid distance and/or more than three restored surfaces. Teeth with endodontic treatment presented a higher subgingival fracture. On lingual cusps, fracture type and location were significantly associated, being that total fractures were 3.2 times more likely to occur than partial fractures, and subgingival were 3.62 times more likely to occur than supragingival fractures. Conclusion: Indications of classic protection on functional cusps (LUBL) was refuted since, generally, nonfunctional cusps fractured more than the functional cusps. However, upper pre-molars showed more fractures in functional cusps and lower molars presented more fractures on the nonfunctional cusps. In general, lingual cusps were the most fractured and were associated with a higher prevalence of severe fractures (total fractures at the subgingival level). Fractures were more common in teeth where the restoration had an isthmus wider than 1/3 of the intercuspid distance and/or involved more than three restored surfaces. Most of the patients did not show previous symptoms and signs. Overall, teeth with endodontic treatment presented a higher subgingival fracture.

scholarly journals Prevalence of scabies among school children living in urban Chidambaram and its associated risk factors: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4879
Author(s):  
V. Gowtham ◽  
P. Kalyani ◽  
A. John William Felix
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
School Children ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Scabies is one of the common contagious human skin diseases with prevalence of 0.2 to 71.4% around the world. Though all age groups are susceptible to scabies, children are at high risk. The study objective was to find out the prevalence and associated risk factors for scabies among the school children aged 11 to 14 years in Chidambaram.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 11 to 14 years old school children between October to December 2019 in urban Chidambaram. Data was collected using a pretested semi structured questionnaire. Diagnosis of scabies was made by a trained investigator. Collected data were entered in Microsoft excel and analysed by using SPSS software version 23.Results: Prevalence of scabies was found to be 22.4%. Three variables namely; age of the student, overcrowding, type of house was found to be statistically associated with scabies.Conclusions: Modification of environmental risk factors like overcrowding, type of house, will aid in controlling the spread of scabies. 

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on pattern and associated risk factors of musculoskeletal morbidities among government bus drivers in Mangalore, Karnataka

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5126
Author(s):  
Vinu . ◽  
K. S. Premlal ◽  
Saranya Nagalingam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Bus Drivers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Absenteeism, turnover and disability among the drivers appeared to be high. The main conditions leading to disablement among drivers are related to cardiovascular diseases, psychological problems and musculo-skeletal disorders. This study was planned to determine the pattern of musculoskeletal morbidities among government bus drivers in Mangalore, the associated risk factors of musculoskeletal morbidities.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Mangalore KSRTC Bus Depot among 310 bus drivers over a period of 18 months from 2014 to 2016 yr. The study was conducted in three depots of KSRTC division Mangalore in Mangalore city.Results: In our study all drivers were males, the mean age 44.88 years. Out of the 310 bus drivers who participated in the study 298 belonged to upper middle class indicating that the KSRTC drivers are financially stable. The common morbidities were musculoskeletal problems especially low back ache 84.8% followed by neck pain 46.8%,about 32.3% had shoulder pain 15.8% had knee joint involvement. The proportion of bus drivers with hypertension and diabetes mellitus was 35.8%and 7.7% respectively. Out of the 310 bus drivers 239 (77.1%) consumes alcohol. The prevalence of smoking was (85.5%) and tobacco chewing was 14.5%.Conclusions: During our study we found that there is an increased prevalence of chronic conditions like diabetes mellitus and hypertension, this is attributable to the increase stress faced by the drivers in terms of the responsibility they carry to transport the public of all age groups. This unnoticed stress plays a very important part in development of the chronic conditions.

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