Analysis of Self Efficacy-Sufficiency Levels of Individuals with Visual Impairment According to Some Variables

This study was conducted with the aim of determining self efficacy-sufficiency levels of visually impaired individuals according to some variables. Bandura (1994) states that self-sufficiency, defined as an individual’s belief on operating a specific job, is an important factor for the athletes. Self-sufficiency results in choosing a field of study voluntarily, feeling a high motivation for accomplishing that job, endeavoring and spending time on the study. Self-sufficiency is about the individual’s specific area or behavior group (Akkoyunlu & Orhan, 2003). The study was conducted on 127 male and 60 female visually-impaired individuals, a total of 187, with different visual acuity in different visually-handicapped clubs. The voluntary basis was taken into consideration in participation. As the data collection tool, “Personal Information Form” and “Self-Efficacy–Sufficiency Scale” which was developed by Sherer et al. (1982), and adopted into Turkish by Gözüm and Aksayan (1999). The data set was analyzed in SPSS 20.0 packaged programme. The data was purified from loss and wrong coding, and the normality hypothesis was done with kurtosis and skewness values. In the analysis of the data, frequency, the average standard deviation was used; besides, T-Test (in paired comparisons) gender, disability status, marital status and branches of sports; one-way variance (ANOVA) test in age, level of education, level of income and visual acuity were used. When one-way ANOVA results of self-sufficiency scores according to gender, age, disability status, level of education, level of income, and visual acuity were analyzed, it was stated that there was a significant difference (p0,05). When evaluated the information above, it can be said that like self efficacy-sufficiency concept can be in different levels and different dimension in different areas of life; it is effective on visually-impaired individuals. In this respect, it is considered that this study will open a new window to this area and contribute to the visually-impaired athletes. Besides, it is suggested that a new study on how self efficacy-sufficiency concept is in the visually-impaired athletes and other individuals, and evaluation of how they are affected. In this concept, the general aim of this study is to analyze the levels of self efficacy-sufficiency of visually-impaired athletes.

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Ophthalmic Care in Nursing Homes for the Blind: A Growing Challenge

Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde ◽

10.1055/a-1194-5381 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 237 (11) ◽

pp. 1326-1333

Author(s):

Helena Wagner ◽

Julia Stifter ◽

Diana Engesser ◽

Lisa Atzrodt ◽

Paola Kammrath Betancor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Visually Impaired ◽

Medical Center ◽

Local Therapy ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Ophthalmological Examination ◽

Data Set ◽

Blind And Visually Impaired ◽

Age Related ◽

Set Up

Abstract Background The demographic change in Germany will lead to an increase in irreversible age-related eye diseases. This will increase the need for specialised care facilities for visually impaired people. Due to reduced mobility, residents in such facilities often do not receive adequate ophthalmological care. New concepts must therefore be considered for this group of patients. One approach is to set up an ophthalmological examination unit within the facility combined with regular visits by an ophthalmologist. We now present the experience with such a model in a home for the blind. Patients and Methods The project was initiated in 2009. Since then there have been visits by medical staff of the Eye Center at Medical Center, University of Freiburg, every two weeks. All patient records (2010 – 2017) were reviewed systematically. The following data were extracted in a structured and anonymous way: Age at first presentation, gender, ophthalmological diagnoses and if a therapy was initiated. This data set was finally analysed descriptively. Results Out of 130 residents aged between 48 and 100 years, half were between 78 and 90 years old. The youngest resident was 48, the oldest 100 years old. The median visual acuity was 0.2. Sixty percent of the residents had at least mild visual impairment according to the WHO (visual acuity < 0.5; category 1 – 6). In one of 6 – 7 residents, visual acuity could not be determined using Snellen charts. The most frequent ophthalmological diagnoses included cataract (44%), age-related macular degeneration (36%) and glaucoma (29%). In 67 residents (52%), the ophthalmological examination lead to treatment, such as application of local therapy or planning an operation. Conclusion In every second resident, the ophthalmologistʼs visit lead to treatment during the observation period. This underlines the difficulty of providing ophthalmological care even in specialised institutions for the blind and visually impaired, which is possibly due to the residentsʼ mobility problems. The concept presented here has established a low-threshold, sustainable and high-quality ophthalmological service on site. These positive experiences indicate that corresponding measures may also be useful for other locations. However, in order to implement such a project on a larger scale, suitable financing and accounting modalities for the construction measures, the nursing staff and the ophthalmological procedure still need to be developed.

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Investigation of the Relationship between Academic Self-Concept and Academic Self-Efficacy of University Students Receiving Sports Education

Journal of Educational Issues ◽

10.5296/jei.v7i3.19269 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

Isa Doğan ◽

Gamze Durmuş

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Personal Information ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Self Concept ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Grade Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Relationship ◽

Academic Self Efficacy

In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between Academic Self-Concept and Academic Self-Efficacy of university students studying in the field of sports sciences. The population of the research consists of a total of 619 students from the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grades of Karabük University Hasan Doğan School of Physical Education and Sports, while the sample group consists of a total of 241 students, 88 of whom are female and 153 are male. “Personal Information Form”, “Matovu Academic Self-Concept Scale” developed by Liu and Wang (2005) and later adapted for university students by Matovu (2014) and adapted into Turkish by Cantekin and Gökler (2019), and the “Academic Self-Efficacy Scale” developed by Kandemir (2010) were used as data collection tools in the research. The data obtained were analyzed with the SPSS-24 Package Program. At the same time, Pearson correlation analysis, Independent-Samples t-test analysis, One-Way ANOVA (One-Way Analysis of Variance), Tukey multiple comparison were used in the analysis and interpretation of the data. While there is a significant difference between the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES) and Self-Efficacy for Academic Effort, one of its sub-dimensions, according to the gender of the students, there is no significant difference between it and the other sub-dimensions. According to the grade levels of the students, there is a significant difference between the total of ASES and Self-Efficacy for Handling Academic Problems, one of its sub-dimensions, while there is no significant difference between it and other sub-dimensions.

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Investigation of Readiness and Expectations of Students of Sports Science Faculties Regarding the E-Learning Process and Their Self-Efficacy Perceptions

10.53350/pjmhs2115103211 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 3211-3216

Author(s):

Ahmet Yavuz Malli ◽

Hasan Buğra Ekinci ◽

Emrah Seçer ◽

Nurcan Demirel ◽

Cemil Tuğrulhan Şam

Keyword(s):

Learning Process ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Personal Information ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Sports Science ◽

Significant Difference ◽

E Learning ◽

Sports Sciences

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the readiness and expectations of the students of sports science faculties regarding the e-Learning process as well as their self-efficacy perceptions. Methods: The research group consists of 146 men and 64 women studying at the faculties of sports sciences, a total of 210 university students. “Personal Information Form”, “Readiness and Expectation Scale for e-Learning Process” and “General Self-efficacy Scale (GSE)” were applied to the participants. In the analysis of the data, the appropriateness of the parametric tests was reviewed and the independent sample t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and simple linear regression analysis were used. Results: In the study, it is seen that there is no significant difference in self-efficacy perceptions and its sub-dimensions according to gender and habit of playing sports actively, but there is a statistical difference between the groups when compared according to grade level. It is found that there is a significant difference in the readiness and expectations of e-Learning in favor of women in terms of only the dimension of factors that affect success according to gender. It is observed that according to habit of playing sports actively, the scores of those who play sports are high in total score averages and in all other dimensions except for the dimension of factors affecting success, and there is a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of access to technology and technical skills when compared according to the grade. It is seen that there is a positive linear relationship between self-efficacy perception and readiness and expectation for e-Learning, and that self-efficacy perception explains 6% of the variance in readiness and expectations for e-Learning. Conclusion: In the research, it is concluded that the self-efficacy perceptions and readiness for e-Learning of those who play sports actively are higher, and that self-efficacy perception is an important predictor of their readiness and expectations regarding e-Learning. Keywords: E-Learning, Self-Efficacy Perception, Sports Sciences, Distance Education

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AGGRESSION AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AS PREDICTORS OF PHUBBING

Psycho-Educational Research Reviews ◽

10.52963/perr_biruni_v10.n3.12 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

İzzet Parmaksız ◽

Suat Kılıçarslan

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Preliminary Analysis ◽

Personal Information ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Intelligence Scale ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Significant Negative Relationship ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Research Findings

Our skills and attitudes have an effect on our behaviors. Phubbing, which is described as ignoring the interlocutor during communication by focusing on the cellphone, is also highly effective in our behaviors. In this context, this study aimed to determine the predictive effect of aggression and emotional intelligence on the level of phubbing. The study group consisted of 768 adult individuals [Female:461, Male:307] living in different provinces of Turkey. Participants’ ages ranged from 22 to 57. The data of the study were collected using the Phubbing Scale, KAR-YA Aggression Scale, Emotional Intelligence Scale, and a personal information form. According to the findings obtained from the study, there was a significant negative relationship between phubbing and emotional intelligence, a significant positive relationship between phubbing and aggression, and a significant negative relationship between aggression and emotional intelligence. According to the preliminary analysis, sex did not cause a significant difference in phubbing scores, while marital status and level of education caused a significant difference. According to the results of the hierarchical regression analysis, emotional intelligence and aggression were found to be predictors of phubbing behaviors. The research findings were discussed under the literature, and some recommendations were made.

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Does emotional intelligence determine the level of self-efficacy in athletes?

African Educational Research Journal ◽

10.30918/aerj.84.20.191 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 890-896

Author(s):

Varol Tutal ◽

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Personal Information ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

The Self ◽

Score Distribution ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Measurement Tools ◽

Skills Use

The purpose of this study is to identify the determinant role of emotional intelligence sub-dimensions (evaluation of others' emotions, evaluation of one’s own emotions, regulation of emotions, social skills, use of emotions) in determining the self-efficacy levels of athletes. In addition, emotional intelligence, and self-efficacy levels of the athletes by gender variable were examined within the scope of this study and the results were reported. A total of 261 athletes from different sports (soccer, basketball, handball, volleyball, tennis, wrestling) volunteered to participate in the study with 163 males (57.8), (Xage = 22.36 ± 4.34) and 119 females (42.2), (Xage = 21.08 ± 3.61). Within the scope of the study, information on socio-demographic variables was collected using a personal information form created by the researchers. In the study, "Emotional Intelligence Sports Inventory" which was adapted into Turkish by Adiloğulları and Görgülü (2015), and the "Self-Efficacy Scale" which was adapted into Turkish by Öcel (2002) were used as measurement tools. The skewness and kurtosis values for the total score distribution of the surveys indicated that the distribution was normal. In line with this, descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) were used, and Pearson correlation analyses were completed to determine the relationships between the variables. A stepwise regression analysis was completed to determine the power of independent variables in predicting the dependent variable. According to the findings obtained, it was determined that the emotional intelligence levels of the athletes are important determinants of their self-efficacy levels and the analysis completed in two steps explained approximately 12% of the variance. However, while there was no significant difference in the self-efficacy mean scores by gender, significant differences were found in the emotional intelligence levels of the athletes within the groups.

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An Investigation Regarding the Preservice Teachers’ Emotional Literacy Levels and Self-Efficacy Beliefs

Journal of Education and Learning ◽

10.5539/jel.v6n4p267 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 267

Author(s):

Seval Eminoglu Kucuktepe ◽

Muge Akbag ◽

Esra Eminoglu Ozmercan

Keyword(s):

Preservice Teachers ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Personal Information ◽

Emotional Awareness ◽

Efficacy Beliefs ◽

Literacy Skills ◽

External Factors ◽

Emotional Literacy ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Significant Difference

Self-efficacy beliefs and emotional literacy skills are considered as one of the most fundamental characteristics of teachers to create positive effects on students. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between preservice teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and their emotional literacy levels. This study is designed as a relational survey model research. Study group consisted of 318 volunteer preservice teachers who are fourth graders at education faculty in a state university in the West of Turkey, in 2015-2016 academic year. Teacher Efficacy Scale, Emotional Literacy Scale and Personal Information Form were used to collect data. The results of this study are that according to the gender, there is a significant difference in favor of female preservice teachers in social competence subscale and total score of emotional literacy scale; according to the departments preservice teachers are educated, there is a significant difference in emotional awareness and emotional self-efficacy subscales of emotional literacy scale; on the basis of the gender, preservice teachers’ self-efficacy levels differ significantly in favor of female preservice teachers in teaching competency/external factors subscale and total score of the scale; according to the departments preservice teachers are educated, there is a significant difference in preservice teachers’ self-efficacy levels in teaching competency/external factors subscale; and finally there is a positive relationship between preservice teachers’ emotional literacy levels and their self-efficacy belief levels.

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Psychological adjustment in children and fencing: A descriptive research

Journal of Human Sciences ◽

10.14687/jhs.v18i3.6163 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 473-484

Author(s):

Kemal Arda Kurt ◽

Ekrem Levent İlhan

Keyword(s):

Psychological Adjustment ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

School Environment ◽

Personal Information ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Teacher Evaluations ◽

English Summary ◽

Data Set ◽

Significant Difference

The aim of research is describe the psychological adjustment levels of fencing students at ages 6-11 through their parents and teachers. 42 male and 38 female fencing students participated in the research. In order to determine the psychological adjustment level of the participants, a personal information form and Hacettepe Psychological Adjustment Scale filled out by the parents and teachers. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and Mann Whitney-U analysis were applied to the data set. As a result of the analyzes, it was found that there was a negative correlation between sport age and psychological maladjustment levels (p <0.05). It is thought that fencing positively affect children’s psychological adjustment level. However, there was a significant difference between parent and teacher evaluations (p <0.05). It can be mentioned that teachers see children more flawlessly and in harmony while evaluating, or that children exhibit behavioral problems in the school environment at a lower rate than in the home environment. It is thought that the obtained data can be a guide resource for longitudinal and experimental studies to be conducted on the potential of fencing sports to effect the psychological adjustment levels of children. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Araştırmanın amacı, 6-11 yaş aralığında eskrim sporu yapan çocukların nevrotik ve davranış sorun boyutları ile bunların bileşkesi olan ruhsal uyum düzeylerini, ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmaya eskrim sporu yapan 42 erkek ve 38 kız çocuk katılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan sporcuların ruhsal uyum düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla ebeveyn ve öğretmenlerine kişisel bilgi formu ve Hacettepe Ruhsal Uyum Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veri setine, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Pearson kolerasyon çarpımı ve Mann Whitney-U analizleri uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, spor yaşı ile ruhsal uyumsuzluk düzeyleri arasında negatif yönde orta düzeyde ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Eskrim sporunun çocukların ruhsal uyum düzeylerini olumlu yönde etkilediği düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte ebeveyn ve öğretmen değerlendirmeleri arasında ise anlamlı farklılık olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Öğretmenlerin değerlendirme yaparken çocukları daha kusursuz ve uyumlu gördükleri veya çocukların okul ortamında davranış sorunlarını ev ortamına göre daha düşük oranda sergilediklerinden söz edilebilir. Elde edilen verilerin, eskrim sporunun çocukların ruhsal uyum düzeylerini etkileme potansiyeli ile ilgili yapılacak olan boylamsal ve deneysel çalışmalara bir fikir kaynağı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

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Analysis of Secondary School Students' Attitudes and Self-Efficacy Perceptions towards Physical Education and The Sports Course

World Journal of Education ◽

10.5430/wje.v10n6p14 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Gökhan Arıkan

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Secondary School ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

School Level ◽

Physical Education Teachers ◽

School Students ◽

Self Sufficiency ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Two Factors ◽

Students Attitudes

This study aimed to analyze attitudes and self-sufficiency perceptions of students from different license of sports and students with no sports branches at the secondary school level towards the physical education and sports course. Education should not be based solely on the increased or widespread use of written sources, images, and technological tools and equipment. It is a process in which students are involved in social, mental, and sports activities. However, great emphasis is given to physical education and sports, which have a direct and indirect effect on their physical, mental, emotional and social development, within educational activities. The study included 255 students (120 female, 135 male) studying at two different secondary schools in Şanlıurfa (Vatan secondary school with a sports facility and Ziyaeddin Akbulut secondary school without a sports facility) during the 2019-2020 academic year, and the Physical Education Predisposition Scale was used in the study. The scale is comprised of 11 items. It consists of two factors, namely 'Attitude' (6 items) and 'Self-Efficacy' (5 items). A significant difference between these schools was found based on the findings obtained from this scale. When the results were examined according to the gender variable, it was found that there was a significant difference between male students and female students in terms of the total scale dimension. Again, a significant result in favor of males was found in terms of self-efficacy dimension scores. In terms of sports branches, a significant difference was found between students who are licensed athletes and those who are not. However, no statistical difference was found when examined in terms of the family profession group. According to the attitude dimension results, there was a significant difference between students engaged in basketball and students engaged in handball as well as students without a branch and students engaged in handball. According to the results of the self-efficacy dimension, there was a significant difference between students without a branch and students engaged in basketball as well as those without a license and those engaged in handball. According to our findings, it is thought that the significant difference between the license is related to the reflection of the attitudes of physical education teachers in schools onto the students.

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Correlation between Ocular Axial Length and Body Mass Index in a Black Population

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health ◽

10.9734/ijtdh/2019/v38i130175 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

I. N. Aprioku ◽

C. S. Ejimadu

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Visual Acuity ◽

Body Mass ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Axial Length ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Black Population ◽

P Value ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Significant Difference

Aim: To determine the correlation between Ocular axial length (AL) and body mass index (BMI) in a black population. Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study carried out in Port Harcourt City LGA, Nigeria. Subjects were selected using multistage random sampling with inclusion criteria of Visual Acuity > 6/18, age greater than 18 years with no history of past ocular surgeries or trauma. Socio demographic data was obtained through an interviewer based structured proforma. Data obtained included age, sex, tribe, occupation and level of education. Weight, height and Body Mass Index (BMI) were measured using a standard height and weight automated scale (SECA 769,220). Ocular examinations done included visual acuity, applanation tonometry and ophthalmoscopy. Axial length (AL) was measured using Amplitude (A) scan ultrasonography (SONOMED PACSCAN 300AP). Data obtained from one eye of the subjects were analyzed using SPSS (Version 17), and p value was set at ≤ 0.05. Results: Four hundred and sixty six (466) subjects participated in the study made up of two hundred and twelve (212) males (45.5%) and two hundred and fifty four (254) females (54.5%) with M: F ratio of 1:1.2. The age range was 18-92 years and mean age of the subjects studied 43.0±14.2 years. Findings revealed mean AL, Body Mass Index, Height and Weight to be (23.2±1.0 mm), (26.9±6.2 kg/m2), (162.5±9 cm) and (70.5±14.8 kg) respectively. The mean AL was greater in males than females. There was no statistically significant relationship between age and axial length. There was a statistically significant relationship between height and AL in both gender with AL increasing by 0.035 mm (p=0.001, r=0.261) with one centimeter change in height in males and 0.025 mm (p=0.001, r=0.2680) in females and between AL and level of education (p=0.001). There was also a statistically significant (0.009 mm) increase in AL per one kilogramme change in weight in females (p=0.0001, r=0.188). Males had longer AL than females in all the BMI groups with a statistically significant difference found between the different BMI classes. Conclusion: This study noted that although there is no statistically significant relationship between AL and BMI, there are significant relationships between AL and height and weight respectively. Estimated AL in mm= 16.91 + 0.039 (height in cm).

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The Impact of Memory Stereotype Threat on Memory and Memory Self-Efficacy in Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1047 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 326-327

Author(s):

Lauren Fredriksen ◽

Renee’ Zucchero ◽

Brock Partlow ◽

Ruth Infante ◽

Janie Taylor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Stereotype Threat ◽

Verbal Memory ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Future Research ◽

Short Term ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Abstract This study examined the impact of memory stereotype threat on memory duration (e.g., short-term and long-term) and modality (e.g., verbal and non-verbal), and memory self-efficacy in older adults who live independently (Mage = 77 years). Participants (N= 66) were randomly assigned to a group that received either neutral instructions or memory stereotype threat inducing instructions. All participants completed the California Verbal Memory Test-Second Edition (CVLT-2), the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT), a memory self-efficacy measure, and a demographics survey. An independent samples t-test indicated participants in the stereotype threat group reported significantly lower memory self-efficacy than participants in the neutral group. The main effect of the within-subjects factor of a 2x2 mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that participants performed significantly better on short-term non-verbal memory than long-term non-verbal memory. There was no significant difference between the neutral and stereotype threat groups in memory modality or duration. These results may indicate that the instructions used to induce memory stereotype threat were not phrased strongly enough to elicit poorer performance on the CVLT-2 and RCFT in the memory stereotype threat group. Additionally, participants reported having a high level of education (i.e., a master’s degree was the modal educational level), which may have served as a buffer for memory stereotype threat. The findings call for future research to explore the impact of level of education on memory self-efficacy in older adults. Also, future research may focus on the impact of the strength of memory stereotype threat on memory performance.

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