Coping Strategies among Pastoralists Women Entrepreneurs against the Odds: Experiences from Baringo Division, Samburu North, Kenya

Women in Baragoi Division in Samburu North have had to contend with internal wars involving cattle raids were many of them are caught in between the wars. Added to these is the harsh economic environment where economic activities and businesses are disrupted by frequent raids. Furthermore the situation is compounded by unfavorable climate where very little food for sustenance can grow. Despite these adverse conditions, the women in Baragoi division endure and survive as they take care of their families while gainfully engaged in micro and small enterprises. Given that more established entrepreneurs and the Kenyan government has made insignificant effort to empower pastoralist women and youth, what then drives pastoralists’ women entrepreneurs? This study therefore sought to establish the survival or coping strategies which keep these women entrepreneurs going on with their businesses in such life threatening environment and possible support mechanisms. The main objective of the study was to establish the coping strategic options among women entrepreneurs in Baragoi Division in Samburu North Kenya. Cross sectional survey was adopted as the study design. The population constituted 14419 women across 15 sub-locations within Baragoi division. Proportional sampling technique was used to sample 389 respondents. Descriptive statistics and cross tabulation were used to analyze data. The study established that women entrepreneurs face a number of challenges, the main one (37.5%) being insecurity. The main coping strategy to counter the insecurity challenge was established as group movement at 20%. It was concluded that for women pastoralist entrepreneurs to survive, the stakeholders need to combine efforts and ensure safe environment and general support especially towards women entrepreneurs who are significant contributors to the economy and main players in family support.

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Influence of participation in “table banking” on the size of women-owned micro and small enterprises in Kenya

Journal of Enterprising Communities People and Places in the Global Economy ◽

10.1108/jec-11-2013-0036 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 315-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Castro Ngumbu Gichuki ◽

Milcah Mulu Mutuku ◽

Lydia Nkatha Kinuthia

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Women Entrepreneurs ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Secondary Level ◽

Small Enterprises ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

Positive Growth ◽

Micro And Small Enterprises

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the inability to access affordable credit in Kenya which hinders many women entrepreneurs from either starting their own or expanding existing enterprises and capital base. The emergence of table banking groups attempts to fill the existing credit gap. Design/methodology/approach – A cross-sectional survey involving 225 randomly selected women entrepreneurs who participate in table banking groups within Nakuru Municipality was conducted. Data collection comprised a questionnaire whose reliability coefficient was 0.83 at 0.05 confidence level. Findings – Results indicated that a majority women entrepreneurs aged between 20 and 60 years with 71 per cent of them married. Further, 44 per cent had attained secondary-level education, while no illiterate entrepreneurs participated in the study. A positive increase in the number of employees, after members participated in table banking groups, was realized. Credit received from table banking influenced changes in the size of enterprises. Originality/value – The study shows that availability, affordability and accessibility of credit from table banking groups led to positive growth of women-owned enterprises.

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COMPARING THE EFFECTS OF INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME IN CIGARETTE AND SHISHA SMOKERS BY USING SPIROMETER

Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation ◽

10.36283/pjr.zu.4.2/009 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 38-44

Author(s):

Muhammad Usman Khan ◽

Alisha Noreen ◽

Ramsha Kafeel ◽

Yusra Sabahat

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

The Public ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Potential Risks ◽

College Of Nursing ◽

Functional Capacities

BACKGROUND Shisha and cigarette are the two most common type of tobacco smoking. Cigarette and shisha smoking have grown fast in different ages globally. Shisha and cigarette both contain chemicals that affect health badly and can cause common diseases such as cough and some life threatening diseases like cancer, emphysema and bronchitis also affect bones causing osteoporosis and decrease functional capacities of lung. There are no proper guidelines for the awareness of the public about the hazards of shisha smoking as they are present for cigarette smoking but it’s a fact that shisha smoking is as harmful as cigarette smoking. OBJECTIVES To compare the effect of Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) on shisha and cigarette smokers by using spirometer. STUDY DESIGN AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE Cross-sectional survey was steered, convenient sampling was used. STUDY SETTINGS & PARTICIPANTS The study was conducted on 50 participants of Ziauddin College of Nursing and Ziauddin College of Physical Therapy RESULTS IRV is more compromised in shisha smokers than in cigarette smokers. As far as deciding between health concerning effects of shisha and cigarette smokers, the shisha smoking effects are same as cigarette smoking. CONCLUSION Shisha smokers have more exposure to tobacco than cigarette smokers. IRV is disturbed by both means of smoking but shisha smoking has more potential risks. Keywords Inspiratory Reserve Volume, Spirometer, Cigarette, Smokers, Shisha, Emphysema, Bronchitis

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The Role of Socio-Economic Status in Adoption of Coping Strategies Among Adolescents Against Domestic Violence

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260516635321 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (18) ◽

pp. 2862-2881 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Saeed Ahmad ◽

Sayyeda Maida Ishtiaq ◽

Mudasir Mustafa

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Family Income ◽

Economic Status ◽

Social Institutions ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Socio Economic Status

In the current study, researchers explored different types of coping strategies such as problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and non-constructive coping of adolescents witnessing and experiencing domestic violence. Furthermore, they tried to find out the association of socio-economic status with coping strategies against domestic violence in family sphere. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 210 adolescents of both sexes, aged 13 to 18 years in Hafizabad city using multistage sampling technique. Multivariate analysis was used to find out the association between adolescents’ resistance and resilience strategies against domestic violence. The information was collected through a structured interview schedule. This study revealed that age, gender, parents’ education, and family income were major factors that influenced the adoption of coping strategy among adolescents. Overall, the study suggested that adolescents were being victimized of various forms of domestic violence frequently in Pakistan, which needs to be addressed on immediate basis through policies and programs by integrating the social institutions of family and education. Findings of the study can enable parents to nurture and support the developmental needs of children in their care. It can help youth in defending themselves from extreme violent behavior adopters and preventing them from becoming the perpetrators of the domestic violence.

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A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY ON COPING BEHAVIOR OF PAKISTANI PARENTS WITH A CHILD DIAGNOSED AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation ◽

10.36283/pjr.zu.10.1/010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 53-58

Author(s):

Arwa Quaid

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Coping Behavior ◽

Antidepressant Drugs ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Givers

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Number of studies reported that most of the parents of children with developmental disabilities such as Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are suffering from stress, anger, guilt and depression Either they not aware of the coping strategies or are in denial with self-condition, this led to adverse effects on parent’s quality of life, relationship with each other and children. This study aims to discover the coping strategy that parents are following to overcome their emotional disturbance for being parent of child with ASD. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional survey was responded by parents of children with ASD, enrolled via convenient sampling technique. The data was collected through a standardized questionnaire BREF-COPE, formulated in Google Docs, distributed via email or WhatsApp group. RESULTS A total number of 150 participants were enrolled in the study that included 74.2% of as primary care givers (mean age: 32.2±10.6 years) and their respective autistic children (mean age: 7.1±4.4 years). Results revealed 51.6% parents usually concentrate on their efforts with their children while 64.5% understand the reality of situation. Surprisingly, 12.9% consume alcohol or take antidepressant drugs while majority seeks emotional support from others to make them better. Overall, only 16.1% are able to implement coping strategies in their routines. CONCLUSION It was concluded that there is an intense need to introduce parent support group for better catharsis and inculcation of positive coping strategies among parents of children diagnosed with ASD.

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Depression and coping strategies used among adolescents with cystic fibrosis

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20214531 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1932

Author(s):

Surya Kant Tiwari ◽

Rimple Sharma ◽

Poonam Joshi ◽

Sushil Kumar Kabra

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Coping Strategy ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Facility ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tertiary Care Facility

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive monogenic chronic disorder affects the lungs, pancreas, and other exocrine glands, and manifests as recurrent respiratory infections, malabsorption, and a myriad of complications pertaining to other systems like hepatobiliary, endocrine and reproductive systems. Objectives were to assess the level of depression among adolescents with CF, to assess the coping strategies used by adolescents with CF and to find an association between selected sociodemographic and clinical variables with depression.Methods: In a cross-sectional survey, 30 adolescents with CF in the age group of 12-18 years, attending the specialty clinic of a selected tertiary care facility were enrolled using a purposive sampling technique. Tools consisting of sociodemographic and clinical profile, patient health questionnaire (PHQ)-9, and ways of coping with CF were used for data collection.Results: Most of the adolescents with CF (66.7%) had depression of varying severity with 36.7% having moderate-severe to severe depression. The frequently used coping strategies by the adolescents with CF were hopefulness (76.66±11.29), followed by optimistic acceptance (70.23±13.04). The individual coping strategy with the highest mean score was “having confidence on doctor and treatment” (3.83±0.37), while ‘I cry, eat, drink or take drugs’ had the lowest score (1.6±1.00).Conclusion: Depression is a common problem among adolescents with CF requiring regular screening and referral to experts for enhancing their coping strategy of optimistic acceptance.

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PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v8i1.138 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 01-07

Author(s):

Alfred Eboh

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Survey Design ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Well Being ◽

Local Government Area ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perceived Effects ◽

The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

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STRATEGI KOPING ORANG TUA TERHADAP ANAK AUTIS DAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.33086/jhs.v11i2.113 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 196-204

Author(s):

Asirotul Ma’rifah ◽

Naning Puji Suryantini Suryantini ◽

Rina Mardiyana

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Children With Autism ◽

Adaptive Coping ◽

Autistic Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Authoritarian Parenting ◽

Cross Tabulation ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Autism is still a nightmare for most parents. Parents with autism can be very stressful when dealing with a hyperactive child's behavior, aggressive and passive. Stress experienced by parents of children with autism will affect the ability of parents in the parenting role, especially in relation to coping strategies have in dealing with problems of children. The participation of parents is crucial the success of socializing with children with autism in the general population. This study aims to determine the relationship of coping strategies parents of autistic children and parenting parents. This type of research is an analytic correlation with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all parents of autistic children in SLB Muhammadiyah Mojokerto numbering 15 people. Samples in this study were all parents of autistic children in SLB Muhammadiyah Mojokerto which totaled 15 people by using total sampling technique. Collecting data using questionnaires. Data analized use cross tabulation, presented in a frequency distribution. On cross-tabulation obtained results tend to use maladaptive coping strategies permissive parenting that is 8 (53.3%), there are also respondents who use adaptive coping strategies using authoritarian parenting as much as one person (16.7%), and adaptive coping strategies tend using democratic parenting style as much as 5 people (33.3%). Expected parents still seeking information to broaden their parents on coping strategies of parents of autistic children and parenting parents as well as parents to give special attention for children with autism to the development and advancement of their lives because they have the same rights as any other normal child.

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Knowledge and Communication of the National Core Standards Tool

Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.25159/2520-5293/3659 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Winnie Thembisile Maphumulo ◽

Busisiwe Bhengu

Keyword(s):

Pearson Correlation ◽

Healthcare Delivery ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Quality Of Healthcare ◽

Survey Study ◽

Public Healthcare ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Professional Nurses

The National Department of Health in South Africa has introduced the National Core Standards (NCS) tool to improve the quality of healthcare delivery in all public healthcare institutions. Knowledge of the NCS tool is essential among healthcare providers. This study investigated the level of knowledge on NCS and how the NCS tool was communicated among professional nurses. This was a cross-sectional survey study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select hospitals that only offered tertiary services in KwaZulu-Natal. Six strata of departments were selected using simple stratified sampling. The population of professional nurses in the selected hospitals was 3 050. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit 543 participants. The collected data were analysed using SPSS version 25. The study showed that only 16 (3.7%) respondents had knowledge about NCS, using McDonald’s standard of learning outcome measured criteria regarding the NCS tool. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the communication and knowledge was r = 0.055. The results revealed that although the communication scores for the respondents were high their knowledge scores remained low. This study concluded that there is a lack of knowledge regarding the NCS tool and therefore healthcare institutions need to commit themselves to the training of professional nurses regarding the NCS tool. The findings suggest that healthcare institutions implement the allocation of incentives for nurses that attend the workshops for NCS.

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Korelasi Dukungan Keluarga Dengan Respon Cemas Anak Saat Pemasangan Infus

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v3i3.3017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 467

Author(s):

Diah Merdekawati ◽

Dasuki Dasuki

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Family Support ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Correlation Study ◽

Research Data ◽

School Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

And Coping

Pre-school age is particularly vulnerable to the effects of stress and fear during hospitalization. Children under the age of 6 are less able to think about an event as a whole, have not been able to determine behavior that can overcome the fear based on experience ever experienced and coping strategies ever done. The aims of this research to know correlation family support with child anxious response during infusion. This study was a quantitative with correlation study using cross sectional method. There were 51 respondents participated in this research. Data were collected through observation with purposive sampling technique. Then, data were analysed through univariate and bivariate. The result of univariate statistic test revealed that as much as 64.7% had good family support and 56.9% experienced an anxious response during infusion. The result of bivariate statistic test showed that there was a positive correlation with moderate strength between family support and child's anxious response during infusion. This riset showed that families should provide support when children experience fear, anxiety and pain during infusion. Usia pra sekolah sangat rentan terhadap efek stress dan ketakutan selama rawat inap. Anak- anak dibawah usia 6 tahun kurang mampu berpikir tentang suatu peristiwa secara keseluruhan, belum bisa menentukan perilaku yang dapat mengatasi ketakutan berdasarkan pengalaman yang pernah dialami dan strategi koping yang pernah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi dukungan keluarga dengan respon cemas anak saat pemasangan infus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif studi korelatif dengan metode cross secsional. Sebanyak 51 responden terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat. Dari hasil uji statistik univariat diketahui sebanyak 64,7% memiliki dukungan keluarga baik dan 56,9% mengalami respon cemas saat pemasangan infus. Hasil uji statistik bivariat menunjukkan ada korelasi positif dengan kekuatan sedang antara dukungan keluarga dengan respon cemas anak saat pemasangan infus. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keluarga sebaiknya memberikan dukungannya pada saat anak mengalami ketakutan, kecemasan dan rasa nyeri pada saat pemasangan infus.

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Prepared and highly committed despite the risk of COVID-19 infection: a cross-sectional survey of primary care physicians’ concerns and coping strategies in Singapore

BMC Family Practice ◽

10.1186/s12875-021-01370-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jerrald Lau ◽

David Hsien-Yung Tan ◽

Gretel Jianlin Wong ◽

Yii-Jen Lew ◽

Ying-Xian Chua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Stress Management ◽

Primary Care Physicians ◽

Well Being ◽

Pandemic Preparedness ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Accessible Information ◽

And Coping

Abstract Background Primary care physicians (PCPs) are first points-of-contact between suspected cases and the healthcare system in the current COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines PCPs’ concerns, impact on personal lives and work, and level of pandemic preparedness in the context of COVID-19 in Singapore. We also examine factors and coping strategies that PCPs have used to manage stress during the outbreak. Methods Two hundred and sixteen PCPs actively practicing in either a public or private clinic were cluster sampled via email invitation from three primary care organizations in Singapore from 6th to 29th March 2020. Participants completed a cross-sectional online questionnaire consisting of items on work- and non-work-related concerns, impact on personal and work life, perceived pandemic preparedness, stress-reduction factors, and personal coping strategies related to COVID-19. Results A total of 158 questionnaires were usable for analyses. PCPs perceived themselves to be at high risk of COVID-19 infection (89.9%), and a source of risk (74.7%) and concern (71.5%) to loved ones. PCPs reported acceptance of these risks (91.1%) and the need to care for COVID-19 patients (85.4%). Overall perceived pandemic preparedness was extremely high (75.9 to 89.9%). PCPs prioritized availability of personal protective equipment, strict infection prevention guidelines, accessible information about COVID-19, and well-being of their colleagues and family as the most effective stress management factors. Conclusions PCPs continue to serve willingly on the frontlines of this pandemic despite the high perception of risk to themselves and loved ones. Healthcare organizations should continue to support PCPs by managing both their psychosocial (e.g. stress management) and professional (e.g. pandemic preparedness) needs.

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