scholarly journals Improvement of Cymbopogon flexuosus Biomass and Essential Oil Production With Organic Manures

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Vauvenargues Lopes ◽  
Suzan Kelly Vilela Bertolucci ◽  
Alexandre Alves de Carvalho ◽  
Heitor Luiz Heiderich Roza ◽  
Felipe Campos Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Cymbopogon Flexuosus ◽  
And Control ◽  
Organic Compost

Cymbopogon flexuosus is a medicinal species with relevant commercial value and widely used in flavors, fragrances, toiletries, cosmetics, soaps, detergents, and pharmaceutical products. The objective of this study was evaluate the effects of different doses and sources of two manures and one compost on plant growth, leaf nutrient accumulation, content, yield, and chemical composition of the essential oil. The sources were cattle manure, quail manure, and organic compost applied in four doses and control treatment. The species increased the growth and productions of secondary metabolites by use the manures and organic compost. The highest weight gain was obtained with fertilization between 300 and 450 g pot-1 of quail manure, but the yield of essential oil in the doses from 150 to 300 g pot-1. Overall, lemon grass plants fertilized with quail manure accumulated greater concentrations of nutrients in leaf tissue than cattle manure and compost. The neral content in the essential oil was increased with the use of quail manure compared to compost and cattle manure. The results from this study demonstrated that dose and source can alter dry weight, leaf nutrients accumulation, and essential oil content and yield.

scholarly journals Influence of Seed Hardening Techniques on Vigor, Growth and Yield of Wheat under Drought Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Amir Zaman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
And Control ◽  
Peg 8000 ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Exploring ways to improve stand establishment and crop productivity under abiotic stresses like drought is important. Two years experiments were conducted at University of Agriculture, Peshawar-Pakistan to examine the efficacy of six pre-sowing seed hardening agents. Seeds of wheat cultivar Uqab-2000 were hardened in six different chemicals of various concentration viz; PEG-8000 (10%), CaCl2 (4%), KNO3, (3%), Mannital (4%), NaCl (5%), Na2SO4 (2%) along with water soaking and dry seeds as control for 24 hours and drying back to original moisture content at room temperature. The soaking and drying of seeds was repeated twice for 12 hours. The results showed that pre-sowing hardening of seed with PEG-8000, CaCl2 and KNO3 gave higher germination, decreased days to 50% germination, increased shoot length, root length, seedling fresh and dry weight in laboratory experiment as compared with other hardening and control treatment. Under field conditions, maximum plant height (93.53cm), spikelet’s spike-1 (17.16), grains spike-1 (50.82), 1000 grain weight (39.97 g), grain yield (3482 kg ha-1) and maximum harvest index (32.5%) were observed in PEG-8000 hardened seed than control treatment (2872 kg ha-1). Seed hardened in PEG-8000, CaCl2 and KNO3 gave 30% increase in grain yield as compared to Mannital, NaCl and Na2SO4 which gave 15% increase in grain yield over control treatment.

scholarly journals Influence of Martian Radiation-like Conditions on the Growth of Secale cereale and Lepidium sativum

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tack ◽  
G.W.W. Wamelink ◽  
A.G. Denkova ◽  
M. Schouwenburg ◽  
H. Hilhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Martian Surface ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Control

The Martian surface is constantly exposed to a high dose of cosmic radiation consisting of highly energetic particles and multiple types of ionizing radiation. The dose can increase temporarily by a factor of 50 through the occurrence of highly energetic solar flares. This may affect crop growth in greenhouses on the Martian surface possibly making settlement of humans more complicated. Shielding crops from radiation might be done at the expense of lighting efficiency. However, the most energy-efficient cultivation may be achieved through the use of natural daylight with the addition of LED lights. The goal of our research was to investigate whether Martian radiation, both the constant and the solar flares events, affects plant growth of two crop species, rye and garden cress. The levels of radiation received on the surface of Mars, simulated with an equivalent dose of 60Co γ-photons, had a significant negative effect on the growth of the two crop species. Although germination percentages were not affected by radiation, biomass growth was significantly decreased by 32% for cress and 48% for rye during the first 4 weeks after germination. Part of the biomass differences may be due to differences in temperature between radiation and control treatment, however it cannot explain the whole difference between the treatment and control. Coloring of leaves, necrosis and brown parts, was observed as well. Temporary increases in ionizing radiation dose at different development stages of the plants did not significantly influence the final dry weight of the crops.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SHEEP MANURE EXTRACT ON THE GROWTH AND NUTRIENTS CONTENT OF TOMATO SEEDLINGS

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-A'amry & AL-Sulaimawi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Sheep Manure ◽  
K Concentration

The experiment was conducted under shading (with the aid of Saran) condition on a nursery managed by the Baghdad Mayoralty during the season of 2014-2015 to study the effect of composed sheep manure extract on the growth and leaf nutrients content of tomato seedlings var. Wijdan. The experiment was composed of 6 treatments included the extract of sheep manure by hot (425C)and lmbient(205C) temperature water .The extract was diluted to the half by water and foliar applied to seedlings (multible application) or to the soil . Treatments also included the application of NPK chemical fertilizers as recommended and a control treatment through applying distilled water as foliar .The experiment was designed according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and means were compared using least significant differences (LSD) test at 5% level of significance. The results showed  recommended chemical fertilization gave the most significant increase in terms of number of leaves, plant height, shoot dry weight, root length, and root dry weight, which were, 6.33 leaf.plant-1, 23.83 cm.plant-1, 0.711 g.plant-1, 26.08 cm.plant-1, and 0.192 g.plant-1 respectively .The treatments of  hot water extracted sheep manure compost show significant effect compared to control treatment. In addition, chemical treatment significantly increased N, P, and K concentration in leaf tissue. Mg and Ca concentration were higher in hot extract treatment and chemical treatment with no differences between them . treatments of  lmbient extract  gave a results less than chemical treatment in all indicates and  less than treatments of  hot extract in some indicates , while the control treatment gave a less results in this study.        

scholarly journals The yield and growth characteristics of thymus (Thymus daenensis L.) treated with different fertilizers and plant densities

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Babak Jasemi ◽  
Ghobad Shabani ◽  
Mohammad Chaichi ◽  
Shahab Khoshkhoi ◽  
Negin Norozi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Fertilizer Efficiency ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

To study the effect of plant density and different nutritional systems (chemical, biological, and integrated) on the quantitative and qualitative performance of Thymus daenensis L. in Mahidasht Agricultural Training Center, Kermanshah/Iran, in 2017, an experiment was conducted in a split-plot design based on a randomized complete block with four replications. The first variable involved two planting distances in the row of 15 and 30 cm (the main factor), and the subsidiary factor comprised four different nutritional systems including control (no-fertilizer), chemical (100 kg superphosphate, 100 kg potassium sulfate, 150 kg urea per ha), biological (8 tons of cattle manure/ha), and integrated (50% cattle manure + 50% chemical) fertilizers. The results showed that the integrated fertilizer treatment produced the highest shoot dry weight (789.1 kg/ha), essential oil content (3.35%) and root length (15.97 cm). The integrated fertilizer treatment along with the 30-cm planting density resulted in the highest essential oil content of 3.35%. The results of this project have suggested that the integrated fertilizer and the 30-cm planting interval is the optimal treatment in thymus production due to the higher chemical fertilizer efficiency and better crop quality.

scholarly journals A GC-FID Validated Method for the Quality Control of Eucalyptus globulus Raw Material and its Pharmaceutical Products, and GC-MS Fingerprinting of 12 Eucalyptus Species

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901
Author(s):  
Paula Carolina Pires Bueno ◽  
Milton Groppo Junior ◽  
Jairo Kenupp Bastos
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Internal Standardization ◽  
And Control

In this work we have validated a method to standardize and control the quality of Eucalyptus globulus raw material and phytomedicines containing either the essential oil or the fluid extract of this plant in the final formulation. Internal standardization provided a simple, fast, and reproducible GC-FID analytical method that accurately quantified 1,8-cineol in different E. globulus sub-products, such as its essential oil, dried leaves, fluid extract, and syrup. In addition, GC-MS identification of the main compounds of E. globulus species afforded fingerprints for the qualitative analysis of different Eucalyptus species.

The Influence of Color Shading Net on the Growing of Lettuce

2017 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Nithiwatthn Choosakul ◽  
Piyanath Pagamas
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lettuce Growth ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
Color Shading

Nowadays, shading net is widely use in Thailand, especially for vegetable production. Many colors of shading net can be found in the market. In this experiment, we set up three net houses for lettuce by using three colors of 50% transparent shading net, black, red and green. Ten of 15 days after planting (DAP) lettuces were moved to each color net house and control (direct sun). Total 40 lettuces were used for 10 days experiment. The result showed that the leave length and width of lettuce under red shading net respectively were significantly bigger than those under green shading net and control treatment without significant difference with the black shading net. The lettuce under red shading net had a highest stem diameter, fresh weight and dry weight comparing with others color shading net. The spectra of the solar radiations that transmitted through the red shading net were suitable for the photosynthesis of the lettuce leaves that could promote lettuce growth and yield.

scholarly journals Macronutrient Suppression in Nutrient Solution Alters the Growth and Citral Content of Cymbopogon flexuosus

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Vauvenargues Lopes ◽  
Alexandre Alves de Carvalho ◽  
Suzan Kelly Vilela Bertolucci ◽  
Heitor Luiz Heiderich Roza ◽  
Felipe Campos Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Hydroponic Culture ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Leaf Analysis ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Cymbopogon Flexuosus ◽  
Element Technique ◽  
Visual Diagnosis

Cymbopogon flexuosus Stapf is a medicinal species cultivated on several continents. The essential oil extracted from its leaves has relevant commercial value and is widely used in flavoring agents, fragrances, perfumery, cosmetics, soaps, and detergents as well as in the pharmaceutical industry. This study evaluated the effect of macronutrient suppression on the growth, visual diagnosis, content, and chemical composition of C. flexuosus essential oil in a hydroponic culture. A completely randomized design with four replicates was used, with three plants per pot in each replicate. The treatments were characterized by suppressing the macronutrients, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S, under the missing element technique. After 90 days of cultivation, the deficiency symptoms were photographed and characterized. The dry biomass of the roots and shoot, root-to-shoot ratio, number of tillers, leaf analysis, content, yield, and chemical composition of the essential oil were evaluated. Macronutrient suppression in a hydroponic culture influenced growth and chemical composition of C. flexuosus essential oil. Total biomass production was more limited in potassium and magnesium omission. Suppressing sulfur promoted an increase in content and yield of essential oil. The highest citral content was observed in phosphorus and nitrogen omission.

scholarly journals Influence of Seed Invigoration Techniques on Germination and Seedling Vigor of Maize (Zea mays L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Z. Khan ◽  
T. Shah ◽  
S. Khan ◽  
A. Rehman ◽  
H. Akbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Comparative Efficiency ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
And Control

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the comparative efficiency of different priming techniques on germination and early seedling growth of maize cultivars. Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the efficacy of different seed invigoration treatments on seed germination and vigor traits of three maize hybrids, Pioneer 3025, Pioneer 70 and Baber at Agronomy research laboratory, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. The experiment was laid in completely randomized design (CRD) and was replicated thrice. The treatments included control treatment (T1) unsoaked/dry seed, (T2) hydropriming with distilled water for 24 hrs, (T3) halo priming treatments with NaCl (3% solution) for 24 hrs, (T4) osmopriming with PEG-6000 for 24 hrs and (T5), hormonal priming with GA3 for 24 hrs. The results showed that seed invigoration treatment with gibberellic acid (GA3) PEG-6000 and hydropriming with distilled water for 24 hrs gave higher germination, decreased days to 50% germination, increased shoot length, root length, seedling fresh and dry weight, as compared to halo priming with NaCl and control treatment. It is concluded that seed invigoration with GA3, osmopriming with PEG-6000 and hydropriming with distilled water for 24 hrs serve as an appropriate treatment for accelerating the emergence and growth parameters of maize hybrid. Pioneer 3025 showed its superiority over other cultivars in all the studied parameters.

scholarly journals Effect of organic fertilizers on nutrients content and essential oil composition of savory (Satureja hortensis L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Behrooz Esmaielpour ◽  
Mahdi Rahmanian ◽  
Surur Khorramdel ◽  
Setareh Foroghian
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Spent Mushroom Compost ◽  
Satureja Hortensis

abstractApplication of organic fertilizers in the production of these plants to eliminate or substantially reduce the use of chemical inputs and improve the growth and quality of plants. For instance, in present study the effect of vermicompost and spent mushroom compost application on nutritional status and essential oil components of summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L.) was investigated.This experiment was conducted in research greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture at Mohaghegh Ardabili University in layout of completely randomized design with five replications on  Savory in 2014. Experimental treatments included different substrates contain vermicompost, washed and unwashed spent mushroom compost in five levels (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Percent v/v). After flowering, plants were harvested and parameters such as leaf area, leaf and plant dry weight, chlorophyll index of leaf and N, P, K, and Ca content and essential oil component of plants were measured.The results showed that the effect of organic substrates on macronutrient content and growth parameters of savory were significant. The highest Nitrogen content (6.3%) and Phosphorus (0.98%) in shoot of savory was obtained in substrate supplemented with 40% vermicompost. Plants grown in the media containing 30% of vermicompost and 50% washed spent mushroom compost (SMC) have higher potassium (3.19%) and calcium (2.48%) content, respectively. The lowest nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the aerial part was obtained in the control treatment. Moreover, application of organic fertilizers significantly affected on essential oil percent and composition compounds of savory.  The highest and lowest essential oil content were obtained in plants in substrates containing 30 % of vermicompost and unwashed spent mushroom compost respectively. Main components of essential oil were carvacrol and gamma- trepenine. The highest level of carvacrol (62.10) and gamma-trepenine (32.05) were obtained in plants in substrate containing 40 and 20 % of washed spent mushroom respectively.   

scholarly journals Specii condimentare noi de interes pentru Republica Moldova

2021 ◽  
Vol XII (2(21)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmila Dombrov ◽  
◽  
Nina Ciocarlan ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Cymbopogon Flexuosus

The paper refers to three spicy and medicinal species (Verbena triphylla L. Hér., Physalis ixocarpa Brot. and Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) W. Watson) cultivated and studied in the National Botanical Garden (Institute) “Al. Ciubotaru”. The information about description, uses, essential oil composition and some aspects of their cultivation are given.

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