scholarly journals Substrates and Protected Environments in the Formation of Mouriri elliptica Mart Seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Josiane S. Salles ◽  
Alexandre H. F. de Lima ◽  
Edilson Costa ◽  
Fábio Steiner ◽  
Bruna L. B. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Growing Environment ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The successful establishment of a forest restoration program depends of the seedling quality, and the choice of substrate and growing environment plays a significant role in the production of high-quality seedlings. A study was conducted to evaluate the production of croada seedlings (Mouriri elliptica Mart.) grown in thirteen substrate combinations and subjected to two production nurseries constructed with black shading screen (Sombrite®) and aluminized thermal-reflective screen (Aluminet®). The substrates were prepared from different proportions of bovine manure, soil, vermiculite, and sand. In each protected environment, the thirteen different substrate compositions were arranged in a completely randomized design with five replicates of the five seedlings each. Because there was no replication of the cultivation environments, the joint analysis was carried out, allowing the comparison of the environments in the factorial scheme 2 × 13 (two environments × thirteen substrates). Growth and quality of seedlings were measured at 188 days. Seedling production environment has no effect on the germination and emergence process of the seedlings, but the growth and quality of the seedlings can be improved when grown in the nursery with black shading screen. Substrates containing low proportion of bovine manure (from 10 to 30%) and high proportion of vermiculite (from 30 to 40%) resulted in high-quality croada seedlings.

scholarly journals Growth and quality of Garcinia humilis seedlings as a function of substrate and shading level

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-413
Author(s):  
Bruna Luzia Barbosa da Silva ◽  
Edilson Costa ◽  
Flavio Ferreira da Silva Binotti ◽  
Cleiton Gredson Sabin Benett ◽  
Abimael Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT The successful establishment of a Garcinia humilis orchard depends on planting high-quality seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the shading level (0 %, 18 % and 50 %) and substrate composition on the formation of G. humilis seedlings. Four substrates (S) were evaluated combining different proportions (v:v) of soil (SO), cattle manure (CM), commercial substrate (CS), sand (SA) and fine grain vermiculite (FV): S1 = 0 % SO + 45 % CM + 20 % CS + 20 % SA + 15 % FV; S2 = 15 % SO + 30 % CM + 20 % CS + 20 % SA + 15 % FV; S3 = 30 % SO + 15 % CM + 20 % CS + 20 % SA + 15 % FV; S4 = 45 % SO + 0 % CM + 20 % CS + 20 % SA + 15 % FV. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in each environment, being the environments compared by a joint analysis. The G. humilis seedlings with the highest quality were obtained in the environment with a 50 % shading screen. G. humilis seedlings do not grow when exposed to full sunlight and, therefore, the seedling production of this species with direct solar radiation, without some shading level, should not be recommended. Different combinations from the mixture of soil, cattle manure, commercial substrate, sand and fine grain vermiculite may be used in the formulation of substrates for G. humilis seedlings.

scholarly journals Soursop seedlings: biomasses and biometric relations in different farming environments and substrates – Part II

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-241
Author(s):  
Edílson Costa ◽  
Adriano R. Sassaqui ◽  
Anne K. da Silva ◽  
Norton H. Rego ◽  
Bruna G. Fina
Keyword(s):  
Quality Index ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
State University ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

ABSTRACT The quality of seedling is critical to obtain vigorous plants in the field. The present study aimed to assess biomasses and biometric relations of soursop seedlings. We used different substrates in protected environments. The experiment was performed at the Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) (State University of Mato Grosso do Sul). Five farming environments were developed in greenhouses: one covered with low-density polyethylene film (LDPE), another with with polyethylene and heat-reflective cloth under film under 50% shading in aluminized color, monofilament cloth under 50% shading in black, thermo-reflective cloth under 50% shading in aluminized color, and an environment covered with bacuri coconut straw. Substrates were made of manure, humus, cassava branches and vermiculite at different proportions. Each of them varying from 25%, 33.3%, 50% and 75% in mixture combination. Each environment was considered an experiment. A completely randomized design was adopted and later a joint analysis of them. Agricultural greenhouse covered with LDPE and thermo-reflective cloths under 50% of shading, proportionated seedlings with greater biomass. Substrates containing manure are the most suitable for soursop seedlings. High percentages of earthworm humus produce low quality soursop seedlings. Soursop seedlings had a Dickson’s quality index around 0.335. The greenhouse covered only with LDPE film did not produce high quality seedlings.

scholarly journals Production of Bambusa vulgaris seedlings from rhizomes under brackish water irrigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 337-342
Author(s):  
Lourenço M. C. Branco ◽  
Claudivan F. de Lacerda ◽  
Albanise B. Marinho ◽  
Carlos H. C. de Sousa ◽  
Amanda S. F. Calvet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Photosynthesis Rate ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of irrigation with brackish water on the production of bamboo seedlings (Bambusa vulgaris). The experiment was carried out at the Fazenda Experimental Piroás, in the municipality of Redenção, CE, Brazil (4° 14’ 53” S, 38° 45’ 10” W, and altitude of 230 m), in a completely randomized design with five treatments and six repetitions. The treatments consisted of five irrigation water electrical conductivity (ECw): 0.5 (control); 1.5; 2.5; 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1. At 120 days after the beginning of the application of the treatments the leaf gas exchange, relative chlorophyll index (RCI), plant height (H), shoot dry matter (SDM), H/SDM ratio, and the concentrations of Na+ and K+ in stems and leaves were evaluated. Salt tolerance indexes were calculated based on SDM, H, photosynthesis rate and RCI. The increase in the ECw reduced leaf gas exchange, and the reduction in the photosynthesis rate was caused by stomatal and non-stomatal effects. The salinity affected negatively the growth and quality of bamboo seedlings, with the greatest effects being with ECw equal to or greater than 2.5 dS m-1. Bamboo seedlings present Na+ retention in the stems and low Na+/K+ ratio in the leaves. Bamboo seedlings are tolerant to salinity up to 1.5 dS m-1, indicating that waters with this salinity can be used for seedling production of this species, without loss of growth and quality.

scholarly journals Quality Improvement of White Pepper with Processing through Optimizing the Ratio of Starter Culture from Acetobacter sp., Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Kirana Sanggrami Sasmitaloka ◽  
Hernani Hernani
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
White Pepper ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Fermentation process using known microbial species can be exploited for the processing of white pepper. It is expected to generate quality of white pepper in a short period soaking time. This research aimed to study characteristics of white pepper through a fermentation process by addition of combination isolates of Acetobacter sp., B. subtilis, and B. cereus. After threshing, 2 kg of fresh pepper berries was soaked in water mixed with starter culture. The experiment used a completely randomized design, two replications. The treatment consisted of: A) starter culture ratio of Acetobacter sp.: B. subtillis: B. cereus (A1 = 0:0:0; A2 = 1:1:1; A3 = 2:1:1; A4 = 1:2:1; and A5 = 1:1:2) and soaking time (B1 = 5 and B2 = 7 days). Fermented pepper was decorticated, washed, and dried. The best treatment was fermented for 7 days with the combination isolates of Acetobacter sp., B. subtilis, and B. cereus with ratio 2:1:1. This condition produced white pepper in fulfilling in requirement of SNI standards with piperine and essential oil contents and TPC of 5.95%, 2.95% and 1.1 x 102 CFU/g, respectively. This process is expected to generate high quality of white pepper in a short soaking time.

scholarly journals Coffee seedlings in different substrates and protected environments

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur P. da Silva ◽  
Edilson Costa ◽  
Tiago L. do Espírito Santo ◽  
Luan E. da Silva ◽  
Roberta F. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Critical Factor ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Full Sunlight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The production of high-quality seedlings is a critical factor for successful implementation of a determined crop in the field. In order to evaluate the production of coffee seedlings, experiments were conducted with different substrates and in different protected environments. Treatments consisted of evaluation of the following substrates: 50% cattle manure + 50% commercial substrate, 50% cattle manure + 50% vermiculite, 50% commercial substrate + 50% vermiculite, 1/3 cattle manure + 1/3 commercial substrate + 1/3 vermiculite, 50% cattle manure + 50% sand, 1/3 sand + 1/3 cattle manure + 1/3 commercial substrate and 50% commercial substrate + 50% sand. These substrates were tested in different protected environments: agricultural greenhouse, mesh screen with 50% shading, aluminized screen with 50% shading, black screen with 30% shading, black screen with 70% shading, nursery with a buriti straw roof and full sunlight. In each environment, the experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with five replicates of four plants each followed by joint analysis. The substrates containing 50% cattle manure associated with vermiculite or the commercial substrate may be indicated for production of coffee seedlings. Screened environments with 30, 50 and 70% shading resulted in the highest quality seedlings.

scholarly journals Growth and quality of SJ-02 cocoa seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) under different irrigation depths and cultivation containers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1695-1700
Author(s):  
Vinicius de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Stefany Sampaio Silveira ◽  
Robson Prucoli Posse ◽  
Laís Gertrudes Fontana Silva ◽  
Valeria Pancieri Sallin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings

The study aimed to evaluate the growth and quality of SJ-02 cocoa seedlings under different irrigation depths and cultivation container sizes. The experiment was arranged as a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme (4x3), where the first factor consisted of the application of four different irrigation depths (6, 10, 12 and 14 mm d-1) and the second one was composed of three different cultivation containers (small, medium and large). Twelve treatments were evaluated with eight repetitions, totaling 96 plants in the experimental field. At 74 days after sowing, the leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, dry mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the root system, total dry mass and Dickson's quality index of all seedlings were analyzed. The 10.32 mm d-1 irrigation depth and the medium and large cultivation containers provided the highest quality in seedling production, being the most suitable ones. However, there was no interaction between the factors

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertigation in Lettuce Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Giovane Munhoz Pedrilho ◽  
João Vitor da Silva Fernandes ◽  
André Ribeiro Da Costa ◽  
Anny Rose Mannigel ◽  
Daniele Fernanda Felipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The World ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Shoot Mass ◽  
Fertilizer Solution

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is the most consumed vegetable in the world and in Brazil, representing as an important dietary source of vitamins, fiber and minerals to population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield of lettuce against nitrogen doses applied via fertigation, as well as the quality of the administered fertilizer solution. The test was carried out in an agricultural area located in the Doutor Camargo municipality, Northwestern of Paraná State, Brazil. The experiment was designed in a completely randomized design with seven treatments: T1 control - 0 kg ha-1 urea (0 kg N ha-1); T2 - 25 kg ha-1 urea (11.25 kg N ha-1); T3 - 50 kg ha-1 urea (22.5 kg N ha-1); T4 - 75 kg ha-1 urea (33.75 kg N ha-1); T5 - application of 100 kg ha-1 urea (45 kg N ha-1); T6 - 125 kg ha-1 urea (56.25 kg N ha-1); T7 - 150 kg ha-1 urea (67.5 kg N ha-1). Each treatment had six repetitions. Seeds from Dora (American lettuce) and Vera (curly lettuce) varieties were used for seedling production. Nutrients were applied to the crop by fertigation at 15 and 30 days after transplanting the seedlings to the seedbeds. Fresh shoot mass (weight), stem diameter, root length and productivity were assessed. Results showed that nitrogen fertilization via fertigation significantly influenced the growth and yield variables of plants from both Dora and Vera varieties.

scholarly journals INFLUENCIA DO HIDROGEL NO CRESCIMENTO E NO TEOR DE NUTRIENTES DAS MUDAS DE Eucalyptus dunnii

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio Navroski ◽  
Maristela Machado Araujo ◽  
Lia Rejane Silveira Reiniger ◽  
Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz ◽  
Mariane De Oliveira Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nutritional Analysis ◽  
Eucalyptus Dunnii ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

Objetivou-se avaliar doses do hidro-retentor adicionado ao substrato sobre crescimento, teor nutricional e qualidade de mudas de Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos, constituídos de concentrações crescentes do hidrogel (0; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 g.L-1). Foram utilizadas seis repetições, cada uma composta por 24 plantas. Aos 90 dias após a semeadura, foi realizada a avaliação de parâmetros morfológicos das mudas e análise nutricional da parte aérea. A dose em torno de 4,5 g.L-1 ocasiona a melhor resposta quanto às variáveis avaliadas, proporcionando maior altura, diâmetro de coleto, massa seca da parte aérea e radicular e índice de qualidade de Dickson. O uso de doses abaixo de 3 g.L-1 ou acima de 4,5 g.L-1 diminuíram a qualidade das mudas. Todos os macronutrientes apresentaram maior teor na parte aérea (caule + folhas) na presença do hidrogel. O teor dos macronutrientes na parte aérea das mudas aumenta com a adição do hidrogel, porém diminui o teor dos micronutrientes. Em geral, o uso do polímero hidro-retentor aumentou a qualidade das mudas de E. dunnii.Palavras-chave:  Produção de mudas; polímero hidroretentor; retenção de água e nutrientes; análise nutricional. AbstractDoses of hydrogel influencing growth and nutritional content in seedlings Eucalyptus dunnii. The objective was to evaluate different dosages of hidroretentor added to the substrate on the growth, nutrient content and quality of Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with six treatments, and increasing concentrations of the hydrogel (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 g.L-1). Were six replicates, each consisting of 24 plants. At 90 days after sowing was evaluated morphological parameters of seedlings and nutritional analysis of the seedlings. The dose around 4.5 g.L-1 brings the best answer for the variables evaluated, providing greater height, diameter collect, shoot dry mass, root parts and Dickson quality index. The use of doses below 3 g.L -1 or above 4.5 g.L -1 decreased the quality of seedlings. All macronutrients showed higher content in shoots (leaves + stem) in the presence of the hydrogel. The macronutrient content of the shoots of seedlings increases with the addition of the hydrogel, but decreases the content of micronutrients. In general, the use of polymer hidroretentor increased the quality of the seedlings of E. dunnii.Keywords:  Seedling production; polymer hidroretentor; retention of water and nutrients; nutritional analysis.

The Utilization of Red Dragon Fruit Peel Extract (Hylocereus costaricencis) As A Natural Colorant of Dried Noodle

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silaturahmi Silaturahmi ◽  
Zaidiyah Zaidiyah ◽  
Tengku Mia Rahmiati
Keyword(s):  
Product Diversification ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Natural Colorant ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Solid Loss ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Peel Extract

The use of colorants in the dried noodle manufactures is an effort of product diversification. Besides of being used as a natural coloring agent, this peel extract is also used to improve nutritional value of the expected product. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of red dragon fruit peel extract on the physical quality of dried noodle.  The study was conducted by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with one factor, namely concentration of red dragon fruit peel extract (N1 = 10 ml, N2 = 15 ml, N3 = 20 ml, N4 = 25 ml, N5 = 30 ml).  The observations of its physical quality consisted of water absorption, solid loss during cooking, and organoleptic tests (aroma and color).  The best quality of dried noodle was obtained by using 30 ml red dragon fruit peel extract (N5) with physical properties, namely DSA levels of 351.92%, solid loss during cooking 4.78%, aroma 3.79 (like) and color 3.89 (like).

Pengaruh Pemberian Moringa oleifera Terhadap Kuantitas dan Kualitas Semen Sapi Peranakan Ongole

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Lukman Affandhy ◽  
Muchamad Luthfi ◽  
Dian Ratnawati ◽  
Frediansyah Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
The Third ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Second Period

ABSTRAK  Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian bubuk daun Moringa oleifera (MO) terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas semen sapi peranakan ongole (PO). Metode penelitian menggunakan percobaan lapang dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan pemberian MO sebesar 0 kg/ekor/hari (P1); 0,05 kg/ekor/hari (P2) dan 0,1 kg/ekor/hari (P3). Analsis data menggunakan one way analysis of variance. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas empat ekor dengan tiga periode pengamatan sebagai ulangan, yaitu periode pertama dan ketiga tanpa MO, dan periode kedua diberikan MO pada P2 dan P3. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa volume dan pH semen perlakuan P1, P2 dan P3 tidak berbeda semua periode pengamatan. Motilitas massa spermatozoa P2 dan P3 periode kedua dan ketiga menunjukan nilai +++ berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan P1 (++); motilitas individu  perlakuan P1 menunjukkan nilai terendah 60,56±2,94 % (P<0,05) dibandingkan P2 dan P3 pada periode kedua dan ketiga (75,50±2,29 dan 72,50±2,34%). Konsentrasi spermatozoa P2 dan P3 periode kedua dan ketiga menunjukkan rata-rata  >1.350 juta/ml berbeda nyata (P<0,05) daripada P1 (876±152juta/ml), sedangkan total spermatozoa motil menunjukkan nilai tertinggi 5.647±829 juta/ml pada P3 periode kedua.Viabilitas spermatozoa P2 dan P3 menunjukkan nilai >88-89 % beda nyata (P<0,05) daripada P1 (<84 %) pada periode kedua dan ketiga, sedangkan nilai abnormalitas spermatozoa yang terbaik adalah P2 sebesar 4,30% pada periode kedua dan P3 sebesar 5,33% pada periode ketiga. Disimpulkan pemberian bubuk daun MO dengan dosis 0,1 kg/ekor/hari dapat memperbaiki kuantitas dan kualitas semen (viabilitas dan total spermatozoa motil) sapi pejantan PO.Kata kunci:  kuantitas dan kualitas semen, Moringa oleifera, sapi pejantan ABSTRACTThe research aimed to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf powder on the quantity and quality of semen of ongole crossbreed. The research method used was a field experiment with a completely randomized design with three treatments giving MO of 0 kg/head/day (P1); 0.05 kg/head/day (P2) and 0.1 kg/head/day (P3). Each treatment consisted of four heads with three periods of observation as replications, namely the first and third periods without MO, and the second period was given MO on P2 and P3. Data analysis used a one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the volume and pH of semen treated P1, P2, and P3 didn’t different in all observation periods. The second and third period spermatozoa mass motility of P2 and P3 showed that the value of +++ was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to P1 (++); Individual motility of P1 treatment showed the lowest value 60,56±2,94 % (P<0.05) compared to P2 and P3 in the second and third periods (75,50±2,29 and 72,50±2,34%). The second and third periods of P2 and P3 spermatozoa concentrations showed an average of >1,350 million/cc significantly different (P<0.05) than P1 (876±152 million/cc), while the total motile spermatozoa showed the highest value of 5,647±829 million/cc in the second period P3. The spermatozoa viability of P2 and P3 showed values >88-89% significantly different (P<0.05) than P1 (<84%) in the second and third periods, while the best spermatozoa abnormalities were P2 at 4.30% in the second period and P3 at 5.33% in the third period. It was concluded that the giving of MO leaf powder at a dose of 0,1 kg/head/day could improve the quantity and quality of semen (viability and total motile spermatozoa) of Ongole Crossbreed bulls. Keywords: bulls, Moringa oleifera, quantity and quality of semen

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