scholarly journals Determinants of Adaptation to Climate Change: A Gendered Analysis from Bahi and Kondoa Districts, Dodoma Region, Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Okuli William Swai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Land Size ◽  
Adaptation Options ◽  
Main Factor

Although various long term adaptation measures are currently implemented by farmers to adapt to the effects of climate change in Tanzania, information regarding factors determining choice of adaptation options between men and women is scarce. A gendered analysis was done to analyze determinants of adaptation to climate change in Bahi and Kondoa Districts, Dodoma Region, Tanzania. A cross-sectional research design was adopted whereby the data was collected from a sample of 360 respondents, 12 focus groups and 18 key informants. Analysis of quantitative data involved descriptive statistics and multinomial logit model using Nlogit 3.0 and qualitative data were summarized by using content analysis. Results revealed that the main occupation and land size were the main factors that determined adaptation options for men during food shortage while for women, the main factor was marital status. The village/location of respondents was the main factor that determined climate change adaptation option for women to adapt crops to climate change whereas, for men, access to agricultural knowledge was the main factor that encouraged men to use improved seeds, manure and deep cultivation, instead of selecting and keeping enough seeds for the next season. It is concluded that factors determining choice of climate change adaptation between men and women are not the same, emphasizing the need for gender differentiated interventions to promote climate change adaptation. Thus, planners and policy makers from Agriculture, Livestock and Environment sectors; Tanzania NAPA and other development practitioners dealing with climate change should use gender sensitive interventions to manage climate change.

scholarly journals Effect of Institutional and Farmer Based Climate Change Adaptation Measures on Crop Production in Mavuria Ward, Mbeere South Sub-county, Embu County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Samuel K. Nyaga ◽  
Geofrey K. Gathungu ◽  
Justin Nyaga ◽  
Jafford R. Njeru
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms

Africa is under pressure from climate stresses and is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. In Kenya, agriculture is the backbone of the economy making it an important contributor to food security of rural households. Currently crop productivity is being affected by continued climate variations and decline in soil fertility. Adaptation to climate change requires to be given high and urgent priority for sustainable crop production. A study was conducted in Mavuria ward, Mbeere South Sub-County, Embu County to evaluate the effects of climate change adaptation on crop production. The study used both descriptive and experimental research designs. The primary data on adaptation measures was collected from farmers and institutions using questionnaires. In the data analysis, descriptive statistics were used to organize the climate data and that of the respondents into frequencies. Further, a Pearson correlation test was done to determine the relationship between farmer and institutional based mechanisms on adaptation to climate change at α=0.05. The main adaptation mechanisms identified were soil fertility improvement, soil and water conservation, early planting, pest and disease control, provision of certified seeds, and awareness creation. In view of these findings, the study recommends continuous implementation of these measures that can help strengthen farmers and institutional adaptation mechanisms towards climate change for improved crop production.

System for supporting detailed implementation plan on measures for adaptation to climate change of local governments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huicheul Jung ◽  
Jaeuk Kim ◽  
Insang Yu ◽  
Sung-Hun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Implementation Plan ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Implementation Plans

<p>It is mandatory to establish a detailed implementation plan on measures for adaptation to climate change of local governments, based on the Article 48 of the Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth and Article 38 of the Enforcement Decree of the same Act of South Korea. However, it is difficult for local governments to establish such detailed implementation plan due to high budget spending, lack of experts in climate change field and the shift in cyclical positions of government officials. The Korea Adaptation Center for Climate Change(KACCC) has developed a system for supporting local governments to overcome the difficulties. The system provides integrated data regarding climate change adaptation, such as general information, current status and prospect of climate change, climate change impact analysis, vulnerability and risk assessment to climate change using VESTAP (Vulnerability Assessment Tool to Build Climate Change Adaptation Plan) for each region. Based on the integrated information regarding adaptation to climate change, local governments conduct a survey targeting general public, civil servants, experts, etc. using the questionnaire on adaptive awareness provided by the system. Each local government can analyze the information and inventory of adaptation measures and diagnose the policies to establish detailed implementation plans for each sector. By establishing the system, it is expected to support government officials’s task through standardization and automation of detailed implementation plans and reduce budget and time required for data collection and analysis. It is possible to improve the quality and maintain the consistency of plans by local governments. The system also supports decision making by rapid and reasonable adaptation measures leading to establishing highly effective and managed implementation plans for local governments.</p><p>※ This work was supported by Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute(KEITI) through Climate Change Correspondence Program, funded by Korea Ministry of Environment(MOE)(2018001310004).</p>

scholarly journals Persepsi dan Adaptasi Petani Sayuran Terhadap Perubahan Iklim di Sulawesi Selatan

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Witono Adiyoga ◽  
Liferdi Lukman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Part Time ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Land Size ◽  
Adaptation Options

<p>Perubahan iklim di Indonesia dalam jangka menengah ke depan akan menjadi ancaman serius bagi ketahanan pangan. Penelitian survey dilaksanakan di ekosistem dataran tinggi dan rendah Sulawesi Selatan (mencakup tiga pola musim yaitu sektor barat, peralihan, dan timur) pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2012. Pada setiap ekosistem, 110 petani dipilih secara acak, sehingga total responden adalah 220 petani sayuran. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mempelajari adaptasi aktual yang dilakukan pada tingkat usahatani, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang menjadi kendala adaptasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 36 opsi adaptasi yang ditawarkan, mayoritas responden mempersepsi 30 opsi (misalnya, penghematan penggunaan air, penggunaan varietas tahan hama penyakit, dsb.) sebagai cara adaptasi yang potensial atau relevan untuk dilaksanakan di semua pola musim. Sementara itu, opsi-opsi yang dipersepsi beragam (relevan/tidak relevan) oleh responden di pola-pola musim yang berbeda di antaranya adalah penggunaan tanaman penutup, penggunaan varietas tanaman toleran salinitas, dsb. Opsi-opsi adaptasi (misalnya, penanaman pada awal musim hujan, penerapan rotasi tanaman, dsb.) diklaim telah dilaksanakan oleh proporsi responden yang lebih tinggi secara konsisten pada semua pola musim. Opsi-opsi lainnya (misalnya, penggunaan tanaman penutup, penggunaan varietas toleran salinitas, dsb.) dipersepsi secara beragam. Mayoritas petani responden mempersepsi perlunya dukungan teknologi untuk opsi-opsi, misalnya penerapan pengolahan tanah minimum, penggunaan pestisida hayati, dsb. Sementara itu, untuk opsi-opsi lain, misalnya mencari informasi lengkap tentang perubahan iklim dan lebih giat untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan paruh waktu di luar pertanian, dipersepsi beragam antarpola musim. Keberagaman persepsi antarpola musim pada dasarnya menunjukkan pengaruh spesifik lokasi usahatani. Analisis selanjutnya menunjukkan bahwa faktor pendidikan, usia, dan luas lahan garapan sangat berpengaruh terhadap pengambilan keputusan petani untuk melaksanakan/tidak melaksanakan opsi adaptasi. Sementara itu, tiga faktor sikap yang pengaruhnya paling dominan adalah sikap berkaitan dengan pengaruh terhadap penurunan kualitas hidup, sikap berkaitan dengan perlunya perhatian lebih terhadap perubahan iklim, dan sikap berkaitan dengan kapasitas adaptasi petani. Sebagian besar petani secara konsisten mempersepsi tiga hal yang berdasarkan urutan kepentingannya menjadi kendala utama adaptasi, yaitu perhatian dan kebijakan pemerintah yang masih lemah, harga sarana/input produksi yang mahal, dan tidak tersedia teknologi budidaya yang dirancang untuk beradaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim. Upaya sosialisasi/kampanye yang bersifat informatif dan edukatif perlu terus dilakukan untuk mengembangkan strategi pengelolaan risiko iklim dan meningkatkan keterampilan serta pengetahuan petani agar dapat menghadapi variabilitas dan perubahan iklim secara lebih baik.</p><p>Climate change in Indonesia in the next medium-term will become a serious threat to food security. A survey was carried out in lowland and highland vegetable production centers of South Sulawesi (covering three season patterns: west, transition, and east) in June-August 2012. In each eco-system, 110 respondents were randomly selected and in total 220 respondents participated in the survey. Data were gathered through interviews by using a structured questionnaire. The study was aimed at assessing actual adaptation to climate change at the farmers’ level and identifying constraining factors to the adoption of adaptation options. Results shows that 30 out of 36 listed options, such as conserving the use of water, the use of pest/disease resistant varieties, etc., are potential/relevant adaptation options as perceived by most respondents. Meanwhile, in different season pattern, farmers’ perceptions vary regarding for instance the use of cover crop, the use of varieties tolerant to salinity, etc. Most farmers in all season patterns claim that they have implemented some adaptation options, such as planting early in the beginning of rainy season, the use of crop rotation system, etc. However, farmers’ perceptions vary regarding the use of cover crop, the use of varieties tolerant to salinity, etc. Majority of respondents perceive the need of technological supports for some options, such as the use of minimum tillage, the use of natural or biopesticide, etc. In the meantime, among different season patterns, farmers’ perceptions vary regarding the option of looking for complete climate change information, looking for off-farm part-time jobs, etc. Farmers’ perceptions that vary are actually reflecting their response to different farm location specifity. Further analysis suggests that respondents’ education, age, and land size significantly affect farmers’ decision whether implementing a particular adaptation option or not. Three attitude factors that also show significant influence are attitude towards impact on decreasing quality of life, attitude towards the need for more attention to climate change, and attitude towards farmers’ adaptive capacity. Based on rank of importance, the three main contraints of adaptation are low attention and weak government policies regarding climate change problems, expensive price of production inputs and unavailability of specific technologies designed to adapt to climate change. Informative and educational campaign should be continuously carried out to develop climate risk management strategy and improve farmers’ skill and knowledge to better coping with climate variability and climate change.</p>

scholarly journals Structuring Climate Adaptation through Multiple Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohanasundar Radhakrishnan ◽  
Assela Pathirana ◽  
Richard Ashley ◽  
Chris Zevenbergen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Drivers Of Change ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Multiple Perspective ◽  
Adaptation Response

Adaptation to climate change is being addressed in many domains. This means that there are multiple perspectives on adaptation; often with differing visions resulting in disconnected responses and outcomes. Combining singular perspectives into coherent, combined perspectives that include multiple needs and visions can help to deepen the understanding of various aspects of adaptation and provide more effective responses. Such combinations of perspectives can help to increase the range and variety of adaptation measures available for implementation or avoid maladaptation compared with adaptations derived from a singular perspective. The objective of this paper is to present and demonstrate a framework for structuring the local adaptation responses using the inputs from multiple perspectives. The adaptation response framing has been done by: (i) contextualizing climate change adaptation needs; (ii) analyzing drivers of change; (iii) characterizing measures of adaptation; and (iv) establishing links between the measures with a particular emphasis on taking account of multiple perspectives. This framework was demonstrated with reference to the management of flood risks in a case study Can Tho, Vietnam. The results from the case study show that multiple perspective framing of adaptation responses enhance the understanding of various aspects of adaptation measures, thereby leading to flexible implementation practices.&nbsp;&nbsp;

scholarly journals Adaptation to Climate Change by Vegetable Farmers in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
pp. 415-430
Author(s):  
R. P. Dayani Gunathilaka ◽  
P. S. M. Kalani J. Samarakoon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Vegetable Farmers ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Adaptation Options

AbstractIn Sri Lanka, the agriculture sector is most vulnerable to climate change and this is increasingly affecting food security. Vegetables, legumes, coarse grains, and potatoes are likely to be adversely affected due to climate impacts. Based on a cross-sectional survey conducted on 150 vegetable farmers in the up-country area of Sri Lanka, this study elucidates farmers’ perceptions of climate change, ongoing adaptation methods, factors influencing farmers’ decisions to adapt, and barriers to adaptation. The study finds that gender, educationlevel, farming experience, income, willingness to take credit, extension on crop, climate change information, farmer-to-farmer extension, rainfall and temperature as the significant factors influencing adaptation. Furthermore, early or late planting, crop or variety switching, and intensive use of inputs are the commonly used adaptation options. Information constraints emerge as a major barrier followed by high costs for adaptation and lack of vigorous planting materials. The study suggests educating farmers about potential adaptation options is pivotal.

Dynamics of Approaches to Disseminate Measures for Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation to Climate Change within Agricultural Holdings in the Zou Department

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Edmond Yetongnon ◽  
Julien Avakoudjo ◽  
Félix Kouelo Alladassi ◽  
Lambert Agodo ◽  
Roch L. Mongbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Sustainable Land Management ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Radio Broadcast

The restoration and preservation of terrestrial ecosystems are important challenges for human beings and are subject of many initiatives and intervention approaches. The present paper focuses on the dissemination approaches of sustainable land management and climate change adaptation (SLM/ CCA) measures implemented under the Soil Protection and Rehabilitation for Food Security Project. The influence of changes in these dissemination approaches on the adoption of SLM/ CCA by farmers in the department of Zou were analyzed. A survey was conducted on 150 farmers who are adopters and non-adopters of the targeted measures. These farmers were randomly selected in nine villages in the department of Zou. Interviews were carried out with the team of the project. As methodological approach, 150 farmers were randomly sampled in nine villages of the department of Zou. In addition, interviews were carried out with the project team. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, as well as Chi-square and Pearson's correlation tests. The results showed that the dynamics noted in the dissemination approaches influence the adoption of sustainable land management and climate change adaptation measures, depending on the main activity and the farm total area of the farmers. In addition, adopters of SLM/CCA measures are more affected by the "SOL-Mobil" (98.0%) and "ProSOL Technician" (85.1%) approaches. They are less affected by the “Relay producer” (41.8%) and “Radio broadcast” (4.4%) approaches. Non-adopters are affected by the “ProSOL Technician” (63%) and “Relay Producer” (33.3%) approaches. However, they are less aware of the “Radio broadcast” approach (33.3%) and not affected by the “SOL-Mobil” approach. It is therefore important to take into account the diversity of farmers when implementing these approaches.

scholarly journals Adaptation to Climate Change and its Impacts on Wheat Yield: Perspective of Farmers in Henan of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuiping Quan ◽  
Yingming Li ◽  
Jianxin Song ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Mingyue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Information Accessibility

This paper explored farm households’ autonomous climate change adaptation strategies and corresponding impacts on wheat yield. Based on a survey of 314 wheat farmers in rural China, results show that Chinese wheat farmers have a high rate of climate change awareness and adoption of climate change adaptation measures. Farmers’ cultivated area, cognition level and information accessibility on climate change significantly affect their adaptation decisions. However, these farmers are given limited adaptation strategies, mainly including increasing irrigation, and using more chemical fertilizer and pesticides. Through employing a simultaneous equations model with endogenous switching, we find farmers’ adaptation to climate change is maladaptive with negative effects on wheat yield. This study, therefore, suggests policymakers be mindful of farmers’ maladaptive responses to climate change and provide effective adaptation measures, to help farmers cope with the risks of climate change and ensure farmer’s livelihood security and sustainable agriculture development.

scholarly journals Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) Interventions and Indicators in Nepal: Implications for Sustainable Adaptation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13195
Author(s):  
Gyanendra Karki ◽  
Balram Bhatta ◽  
Naba R Devkota ◽  
Ram P Acharya ◽  
Ripu M Kunwar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Indicator Development ◽  
Awareness Raising

We reviewed 76 climate change adaptation projects that were operational between 2010 and 2020. The review was followed by office and field visits for verification. The office visit helped crosscheck the findings, and the field observations carried out between December 2020 and April 2021 asked 24 key informants and collected supplementary information appraisal and indicator development. Of the CCA projects studied, the most (n = 48, 32%) were community-based initiatives, while the least (n = 12, 8%) were ecosystem-based interventions. The main environment-centered projects were Ecosystem-based Adaptations and Ecosystems Protecting Infrastructure and Communities (EPIC) while Enhanced Action of Inclusive CSOs for Participation in Climate Resilient Economic Growth (UTHAN), Initiative for CCA (ICCA), Support to Rural Livelihoods and Climate Change Adaptation in the Himalayas (HIMALICA), etc., adaptation projects were community-based. Capacity building and awareness-raising were the major thrust of the CbA projects, while the abatement of climate vulnerabilities and risks through nature-based solutions were priorities of EbA. Payment for Ecosystem services is a nature-based solution that can play a role in enhancing adaptation to climate change at a local scale by adopting community-based and culturally appropriate methods and enhancing and incentivizing adaptation measures and capacities. A set of 11 criteria and 40 indicators comprised the institutional and behavioral responses and the use of technologies, and the design of climate-resilient plans and climate-smart practices were proposed as appraisal measures to evaluate the success of CCA interventions. The importance of criteria and indicators lies in the fact that such a comprehensive assessment would lead to effective and efficient adaptation projects, which could help benefit beyond the borders. It also furthers ongoing adaptation interventions and is set to be an integral part of associated studies and monitoring and review of new adaptation interventions.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Functional Zoning Concept under Climate Change to Expand the Portfolio of Adaptation Options

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Samuel Royer-Tardif ◽  
Jürgen Bauhus ◽  
Frédérik Doyon ◽  
Philippe Nolet ◽  
Nelson Thiffault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Functional Zoning ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adaptation Options

Climate change is threatening our ability to manage forest ecosystems sustainably. Despite strong consensus on the need for a broad portfolio of options to face this challenge, diversified management options have yet to be widely implemented. Inspired by functional zoning, a concept aimed at optimizing biodiversity conservation and wood production in multiple-use forest landscapes, we present a portfolio of management options that intersects management objectives with forest vulnerability to better address the wide range of goals inherent to forest management under climate change. Using this approach, we illustrate how different adaptation options could be implemented when faced with impacts related to climate change and its uncertainty. These options range from establishing ecological reserves in climatic refuges, where self-organizing ecological processes can result in resilient forests, to intensive plantation silviculture that could ensure a stable wood supply in an uncertain future. While adaptation measures in forests that are less vulnerable correspond to the traditional functional zoning management objectives, forests with higher vulnerability might be candidates for transformative measures as they may be more susceptible to abrupt changes in structure and composition. To illustrate how this portfolio of management options could be applied, we present a theoretical case study for the eastern boreal forest of Canada. Even if these options are supported by solid evidence, their implementation across the landscape may present some challenges and will require good communication among stakeholders and with the public.

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