scholarly journals Micromorphology of trichomes in the flowers of the horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosława Chwil ◽  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska ◽  
Aneta Sulborska ◽  
Magdalena Michońska
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Nectar Guides ◽  
Ornamental Tree ◽  
Glandular Structures ◽  
Light Fluorescence ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Number Of Cells

<em>Aesculus hippocastanum </em>L. is an ornamental tree appreciated for its beautiful flowers and leaves. The flowers of this species contain secondary metabolites exhibiting pharmacological activity. They also produce essential oils and coloured “nectar guides”, which enable insects to reach nectar and pollen. The aim of the study was to investigate the types and characteristics of chestnut flower trichomes, which may contain biologically active substances. The analyses were performed using light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy. Three types of trichomes were found on the sepals and the surface of the ovary, whereas the corolla petals exhibited two types of hairs and papillae. The hairs differ in terms of their length and number of cells. The perianth and pistil had no capitate hairs, whereas the ovary exhibited the presence of colleters. Histochemical assays revealed that all the types of trichomes and papillae contained lipids or essential oils; hence, they can be classified as glandular structures. The “nectar guides” were characterised by higher density of secretory hairs than that on the rest of the petal surface, which implies that these petal fragments may emit stronger fragrance.

scholarly journals COMPOSITION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF THE HORSE CHESTNUT (AECULUS HIPPOCASTANUM L.)

ÈKOBIOTEH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
V.P. Kurchenko ◽  
◽  
N.V. Sushinskaya ◽  
K.I. Maiorava ◽  
E.I. Tarun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Active Substances

The study of the composition of biologically active substances, alcoholic extracts from flowers of Aeculus hippocastanum L. According to the results of HPLC-MS and GC-MS analyzes, the extract contains the main amounts of phenolic compounds: quercetin, epicatechin, kaempferol. In addition, the extract contains fatty acids and their esters, alcohols, 3-deoxy-d-manno lactone, 1,2,3,5-cyclohexantethrol, α-methyl-mannofuranoside, γ sitosterol. Antioxidant activity of an extract from flowers of A. hippocastanum is associated with the peculiarities of the compositionof biologically active substances. The toxological-hygienic assessment of flowers of this species in acute and subacute experiments showed that it belongs to the 4th hazard class (low hazard).

scholarly journals The structure and distribution of glandular trichomes on the stems and leaves of drug eyebright (Euphrasia stricta D. Wolff ex J. F. Lehm.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska ◽  
Anna Matysik-Woźniak ◽  
Dagmara Sadowska
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Capitate Trichomes ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Glandular Structures ◽  
Active Substances

<i>Euphrasia stricta</i> is a medicinal plant being one of the ingredients of "Herba Euphrasiae". Many studies have been devoted to the identification of biologically active substances in the herb of eyebright, but much less research has been done on the constitution of glandular structures of this taxon. This paper relates to glandular trichomes located on the stems and leaves of <i>E. stricta</i>. The trichome structure was examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that the stems of <i>E. stricta</i> were mainly covered by non-glandular trichomes, whereas glandular trichomes were rarely found on them. However, clusters of short capitate trichomes were found to occur in specific epidermal regions on both surfaces of the leaf blades and bracts. On the adaxial leaf surface, glandular trichomes grew only in the grooves above the vascular bundles, while on the abaxial surface in the depressions located in the expanded part of the teeth. The glandular hairs consisted of 1-2 cells of the stalk and a two-celled head. Trichomes with 3- or 4-celled heads were found sporadically. The glandular trichomes functioned non-synchronously, since they differed in head size and the colour of cell protoplasts. The presence of a light secretion was found on the surface and around the trichomes in both fresh and dry plant material.

The use of comprehensive health programs to improve metabolic ensure students are actively involved in sports

10.12737/5036 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Хусяйнов ◽  
Z. Khusyaynov ◽  
Котенко ◽  
K. Kotenko ◽  
Иванова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Wellness Programs ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Interference Effects ◽  
Wellness Program ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Comprehensive Health ◽  
Active Substances

The author has developed a comprehensive wellness program, including reflectory-segmental vacuum interference effects and combined application of low-frequency pulsed electrostatic field and baths with biologically active substances of plant origin - the components of a horse-chestnut to activate the physical and functional status of students who are actively involved in sports. The study included 320 students. Students are actively involved in sports application developed a comprehensive Wellness programs, both through General, and reflectorysegmental effects improves metabolic ensuring functional state, as evidenced by recovery of values of physiological norm of the basic metabolic parameters of blood.

scholarly journals CRITERIA FOR SELECTING AEROSOL PACKAGING AND DETERMINING THE OPTIMUM QUANTITY OF A PROPELLANT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Bogdan Putyatin ◽  
Ekaterina Kunitsia ◽  
Natalia Sytnik
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Excess Pressure ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Selection Of

Development of a new generation of functional antiage cosmetics is a most important area of cosmetic industry development. An integral part of such products are biologically active substances (BAS) with essential oils, being among the sources of which. Each essential oil is characterized by a well balanced unique composition of biologically active substances. Development of new cosmetic products consists of correct selection of the required composition of components with required properties and selection of a suitable package, preserving product properties throughout its shelf life. During production of cosmetic products in aerosol package a number of issues are solved, unlike with antiage-products in form of creams in customary tubes. The degree of oxidation-reduction reactions, having negative impact on the properties of essential oils, is substantially reduced. The concentration providing for the optimum degree of evacuation and excess pressure in the packaging are essential issues. The aim of this research is to determine the degree of evacuation of the contents, excess pressure, and mass fraction of a propellant in the product test samples to find the samples of aerosol package with optimum parameters. A number of tests to determine the degree of evacuation of the contents from aerosol package, excess pressure and a mass fraction of a propellant have been performed. The greatest degree of evacuation of products was observed with mass fraction of propellant of 13.79%. Based on the results of the tests for excess pressure in aerosol packaging, it has been found, that with mass fraction of a propellant of 13.79% excess pressure is 0.4 MPa, which was taken as an optimum value. The test showed that the mass of a propellant of 16 g evacuates the product from aerosol package to the maximum extent and does not exceed the acceptable limits for excess pressure (0.2–0.6 MPa)

scholarly journals Component composition of essential oil shoots and leaves of Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian origian

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Olga Khvorost ◽  
Irina Posohova ◽  
Yuliia Fedchenkova ◽  
Kateryna Skrebtsova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Active Substances

The aim of our work was to carry out a comparative analysis of the essential oils of shoots and leaves of Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian flora and to determine the prospects for their use in pharmacy. Materials and methods. Raw materials for obtaining essential oil (shoots and leaves) of Laurus nobilis L. were harvested in November 2017 in the southern regions of Ukraine. By the method of chromatography-mass spectrometry using an Agilent Technology 6890N chromatograph, the component composition of 4 samples of essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. raw material was investigated and identified. The composition of the essential oil was identified by comparing the results with the data from the NIsT 02 mass spectra library (more than 174,000 substances). Results. Thus, in the studied series of the essential oil of the shoots, a similarity was observed both in the set of components and in the relative content of a number of individual compounds and compounds of structurally related groups. The content in these samples was dominated by 1,8-cineole (19.63 % of the amount and 12.93 % of the amount, respectively), α-terpinyl acetate (16.22 % of the amount and 16.03 % of the amount, respectively). In contrast to the series of the essential oil of the shoots, the component composition of the essential oil of the leaves of the two series was significantly different. In both studied series, only 3 compounds were identified that are common - these are aromatic compounds methyleugenol, trans-methylisoevgenol, and the sequiterpenoid caryophyllene oxide. Conclusions. Thus, a comparative analysis of the component composition of biologically active substances in the essential oils of shoots and leaves of the Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian harvest showed the prospects for further pharmacognostic research of this plant as a source of medicinal raw materials

scholarly journals STUDY OF PETEOLAR ANATOMY OF AESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM L. LEAVES AS A PERSPEOTIVE SOUROE OF BIOLOGIOALLY AOTIVE COMPOUNDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
P. V Belov ◽  
V. A Kurkin ◽  
V. M Ryzhov ◽  
L. V Tarasenko ◽  
T. O Kaganova
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Beam Type

Topicality. Horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) leaves are a perspective source of biologically active compounds. A number of authors have reliably proved the anti-inflammatory and venotonic activity of horse chestnut leaves-based extracts. The lack of regulatory documentation hinders the process of development and implementation of medicines made of horse chestnut leaves. One of the problem of standardization is the confirmation of medicinal plant materials authenticity, in particular, the petiolar signs of leaves should be given in the section “Microscopy”. However, at present, anatomy of the stalks of chestnut leaves has not been studied. Objective. The aim is to investigate the morphological and anatomical structure of the rachises of the finger-complex leaf of horse chestnut and identify the diagnostic features of this medicinal plant materials. Materials and methods. The horse chestnut leaves collected in the period of flowering in June 2018 in the Botanical Garden of Samara University were investigated. The experiment was carried out by the method of light microscopy in transmitted and reflected light on a light field that met the requirements of State Pharmacopoeia of Russia, XIV edition. Results. The analysis made it possible to reveal the structural features of the horse chestnut leaf rachis: the outlines of the cross sections in the basal, medial and apical parts of the rachis, the beam type of the structure; the presence of a central group of beams in the core; collenchim-like parenchyma of the bark; pigmented pith cells, simple starch grains. Conclusion. The obtained data will allow to further development of the section “Microscopy” of the Pharmacopoeial monograph “Aesculus hippocastanum L. leaves”.

scholarly journals Use of phytobiotics in animal husbandry and poultry

2020 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Vladimir Pashtetsky ◽  
Pavel Ostapchuk ◽  
Tatiana Kuevda ◽  
Denis Zubochenko ◽  
Sergey Yemelianov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Composition Effect ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Plant Components

Scientists working in the field of animal nutrition have recently begun to pay more attention to biologically active substances contained in plants-phytobiotics. Their complex study (composition, effect on the body) is carried out only in the last 20-30 years. It was found that the use of plant components in animal husbandry (plant parts, essential oils, extracts) was accompanied by an increase in feed conversion, an overall improvement in production indicators, and an immunostimulatory effect.

Development of a compherensive wellness pfograms to improve the functional reserves of the respiratory system students are actively involved in sports

10.12737/5035 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Котенко ◽  
K. Kotenko ◽  
Иванова ◽  
Irina Ivanova ◽  
Корчажкина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Field ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Interference Effects ◽  
Wellness Program ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Active Substances

The author has developed a comprehensive wellness program, including reflectory-segmental vacuum interference effects and combined application of low-frequency pulsed electrostatic field and baths with biologically active substances of plant origin the components of a horse-chestnut to activate the physical and functional status of students who are actively involved in sports. The study included 320 students. The author developed the algorithm of differential application of a comprehensive Wellness program or its individual components to improve the functional state of the students.

LEVISTICUM OFFICINALE (F. APIACEAE): HABITAT, BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Kubasova E.D. ◽  
Korelskaya G.V. ◽  
Kubasov R.V.
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

The Medicinal Lovage (Levisticum Officinale) grows almost everywhere. In order to use Levisticum Officinale in economic needs, including in medicine, a number of countries are specially engaged in its cultivation. The analysis of the scientific literature revealed a large number of publications confirming the diverse chemical spectrum of rhizomes, roots and herbs of the medicinal lovage. In this regard, it is used as a medicinal raw material and is included in a number of European Pharmacopoeias. For medical purposes, all parts of this plant that contain biologically active substances can be used. Levisticum officinale contains various phytochemical compounds and secondary metabolites – terpenoids, flavonoids, essential oils, phthalides, polyacetylenes, coumarins, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic acids, polyacetylenes. All of them have properties that can have a therapeutic effect on the organism. The composition of essential oils of Levisticum Officinale is the most studied. It is mainly represented by monoterpene hydrocarbons, sexwiterpenes and phthalides. There are some differences in the chemical composition of Levisticum Officinale. Most scientists agree that such a discrepancy may be related to the period and process of harvesting plant raw materials, age, genotype of the plant, climatic conditions and place of growth, as well as the method of extraction and the method of identification and quantitative determination of biologically active substances. Therefore, there is a problem of a single universal system of preparation and further use of raw materials. The development of modern methods for analyzing the raw materials of lovage and the study of its chemical composition creates prerequisites for expanding its use as a medicinal plant.

The use of modern technologies of physical therapy to improve the physical health of the students who actively involved in sports

10.12737/5034 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Котенко ◽  
K. Kotenko ◽  
Иванова ◽  
Irina Ivanova ◽  
Корчажкина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Wellness Programs ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Interference Effects ◽  
Wellness Program ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Modern Technologies

The author has developed a comprehensive wellness program, including reflectory-segmental vacuum interference effects and combined application of low-frequency pulsed electrostatic field and baths with biologically active substances of plant origin – the components of a horse-chestnut to activate the physical and functional status of students who are actively involved in sports. The study included 320 students. The research proved that the application of comprehensive wellness programs, causing the students who are actively involved in sports increasing the level of physical health, mainly due to the combined impacts included in the complex.

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