Synthesis and characterization of NiO-ZnO nanocomposite by a cost efficient self-combustion technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vimal Kumar ◽  
T.S. Gokul Raja ◽  
N. Selvakumar ◽  
K. Jeyasubramanaian
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Nickel Concentration ◽  
Thin Flims ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Combustion Technique

Purpose: In this research work the nickel oxide incorporated zinc oxide nano compositewith various level of percentage such as (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6) were synthesized usingcombustion processes. Fuel used for the combustion process is hexamine in this work.Oxidizing agents taken were the nitrates of zinc and nickel. These precursor nitrates wereheated with hexamine fuel to undergo combustion process.Design/methodology/approach: After combustion the particles were collected and heattreated to maintain the purity of the samples. XRD results were in well accordance withthe JCPDS data and the average crystalline sizes were in the range of 10~20 nm. UV-VISabsorbance results confirm the band gap in the visible region. With increase in concentrationof NiO in the composite red shifted from 320 nm to 374 nm. FTIR supports the presenceof Zn-O and Ni-O bonds by the characteristic vibrational peaks at 432 cm-1 and 470 cm-1respectively. PL spectrum studies results in the redshift of ZnO peaks from 380 nm to 400 nmwith addition of Ni2+ ions inside the lattice. SEM and AFM studies reveals the morphologicaland topographical visualizations of the nanocomposite powders.Findings: In this research work, the authors had successfully synthesized Nickelsubstituted Zinc oxide by following simple combustion method followed by annealing. XRDanalysis clearly evidences the formation of ZnO in the hexagonal wurtzite structure with anaverage crystallite size of 15 nm to 18 nm. An increase in Nickel peaks in between the Zincoxide peaks were observed with increase in the nickel concentration in the composition.Practical implications: We conclude that combustion technique is suitable to fabricateNickel incorporated Zinc oxide particles with high purity. This powder can be used intransparent conducting thin flims for OLED applications.

The Effects of Combustion Agents on the Formation of Bi-Based Compounds Synthesized Using the Soft Combustion Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Khairunisak Abdul Razak ◽  
Mohamad Afifi Anuar ◽  
Chai Yan Ng
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
High Relative Density ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 200 ◽  
Soft Combustion ◽  
Combustion Technique

In this work, 20 % Pr doped bismuth sodium titanate (PBNT) powders were synthesized using the soft combustion technique. Three combustion agents; polyethylene glycol 200, citric acid and glycine with 0.2, 2.0 and 5.0 mol were used to aid combustion process. A single phase PBNT was obtained with the addition of 5 mol % citric acid. For most compounds, secondary phases presence such as Bi4Ti3O12and Bi2Ti2O7. In general, crystallite size increased with increasing sintering temperature that was due to diffusion of ions at high temperature. Dielectric properties increased with increasing densities. The optimum properties were obtained for PBNT synthesized using 5 mol % citric acid sintered at 1100°C for 3 hours which gave the highest dielectric constant (1153.20), acceptable loss tangent (0.1074) and high relative density (95.03).

scholarly journals Developing Conductive Highly Ordered Zinc Oxide Nanorods by Acetylacetonate-Assisted Growth

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Shafura A Karim ◽  
Yuzuru Takamura ◽  
Phan Trong Tue ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Tung ◽  
Jamal Kazmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanorods ◽  
Voltage Measurement ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Oxide Nanorods ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Highly ordered vertically grown zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) were synthesized on ZnO-coated SiO2/Si substrate using zinc acetylacetonate hydrate as a precursor via a simple hydrothermal method at 85 °C. We used 0.05 M of ZnO solution to facilitate the growth of ZnO NRs and the immersion time was varied from 0.5 to 4 h. The atomic force microscopy revealed the surface roughness of ZnO seed layer used to grow the ZnO NRs. The morphology of vertically grown ZnO NRs was observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction examination and transmission electron microscopy confirmed that the structure of highly ordered ZnO NRs was crystalline with a strong (002) peak corresponded to ZnO hexagonal wurtzite structure. The growth of highly ordered ZnO NRs was favorable due to the continuous supply of Zn2+ ions and chelating agents properties obtained from the acetylacetonate-derived precursor during the synthesis. Two-point probe current–voltage measurement and UV–vis spectroscopy of the ZnO NRs indicated a resistivity and optical bandgap value of 0.44 Ω.cm and 3.35 eV, respectively. The photoluminescence spectrum showed a broad peak centered at 623 nm in the visible region corresponded to the oxygen vacancies from the ZnO NRs. This study demonstrates that acetylacetonate-derived precursors can be used for the production of ZnO NRs-based devices with a potential application in biosensors.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Vanadium Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Film to Enhance the Optical, Magnetic and Electrical Properties using Electrospray Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 2439-2445
Author(s):  
M.H. Haja Sheriff ◽  
S. Murugan ◽  
R. Ashok Kumar ◽  
A. Manivasaham
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Magnetic Surface ◽  
Oxide Thin Film ◽  
As Doping ◽  
Electrical Studies

Vanadium doped zinc oxide was deposited using a homemade electrospray technique. The structural, optical, magnetic, surface morphology and electrical studies were carried out using XRD, UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, HRSEM, AFM, photoluminescence, VSM and Hall effect, respectively. The XRD results revealed that the addition of vanadium(V) does not affect hexagonal wurtzite structure in the films. Photoluminescence study implies the increase of oxygen vacancy on surface of the samples and the hexagonal plates like grains are found on the film surface and formation of cluster as doping percentage increases. Hall effect shows the remarkable improvement in carrier concentration, resistivity and mobility. The sheet resistance decreases to 59.5 × 102 Ω/2 for 4 at% of vanadium. All the samples achieved the transmittance above 80% in the visible region and optical band gap increases. The magnetic study shows that the enhancement of paramagnetic property and the study on the performances of the samples over the light intensity shows, the enhancement in the rate of decreases in resistance, which is higher than the undoped sample ware discussed.

Investigation of the Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Gadolinium-Doped Zinc Oxide Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 424-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhidayah Che Ani ◽  
Mohd Zainizan Sahdan ◽  
Nayan Nafarizal ◽  
Siti Nooraya Mohd Tawil
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zinc Oxide Films ◽  
Resistance Decrease

Thin films of undoped and gadolinium-doped zinc oxide (Gd-doped ZnO) with different Gd concentration (1-8 at. %) were deposited onto a glass substrate by sol–gel spin-coating technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD, Bruker D8 Advance) studies confirmed the nature of the films as polycrystalline, with typical hexagonal wurtzite structure. The film also showed variation in crystallite size and change in relative intensities, upon different Gd concentrations. Besides, the influence of Gd concentration on the optical transmittance of ZnO films was studied using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis, Shimadzu UV 1800) in the wavelength range 300-800 nm. The optical transmittance of all films is higher than ~95% in the visible region, and doped films become more transparent. The electrical resistance was measured by two point probe (Keithley-2400). The resistance decrease with increasing Gd concentration up to 2 at.% and it increased for further increase Gd concentrations.

Well-Aligned Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Decorated with Zinc Oxide Nanocrystals for High Performance Photocatalytic Application

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550007 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kaviyarasu ◽  
C. Maria Magdalane ◽  
E. Manikandan ◽  
M. Jayachandran ◽  
R. Ladchumananandasivam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Single Layer Graphene ◽  
Graphene Oxides ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanoscale Structures

Graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets modified with zinc oxide nanocrystals were achieved by a green wet-chemical approach. As-obtained products were characterized by XRD, Raman spectra, XPS, HR-TEM, EDS, PL and Photocatalytic studies. XRD studies indicate that the GO nanosheet have the same crystal structure found in hexagonal form of ZnO . The enhanced Raman spectrum of 2D bands confirmed formation of single layer graphene oxides. The gradual photocatalytic reduction of the GO nanosheet in the GO : ZnO suspension of ethanol was studied by using X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy. The nanoscale structures were observed and confirmed using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The evolution of the elemental composition, especially the various numbers of layers were determined from energy dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS). PL properties of GO : ZnO nanosheet were found to be dependent on the growth condition and the resultant morphology revealed that GO nanosheet were highly transparent in the visible region. The photocatalytic performance of GO : ZnO nanocomposites was performed under UV irradiation. Therefore, the ZnO nanocrystals in the GO : ZnO composite could be applied in gradual chemical reduction and consequently tuning the electrical conductivity of the graphene oxide nanosheet.

Evaluation of temporal and spatial distribution of nanometric particles in a diesel engine by broadband optical techniques

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
F E Corcione ◽  
S S Merola ◽  
B M Vaglieco
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Optical Techniques ◽  
Engine Cylinder ◽  
Nanometric Particles ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

In the last few years, there has been an increasing concern about the emissions of ultrafine particles in the atmosphere. A detailed study of the formation and oxidation of these particles in the environment of the diesel engine cylinder presents many experimental difficulties due to the high temperatures, pressures and extremely reactive intermediate species. To allow investigation of the different phases of the diesel combustion process, high temporal and spatial resolution optical techniques were applied in the optically accessible chamber of a diesel engine at fixed engine speed and air-fuel ratio. Simultaneous extinction, scattering and flame chemiluminescence measurements from the ultraviolet to the visible region were carried out in order to study the diesel combustion process from the soot inception to the formation of soot particles, through the growth of their precursors. These species were characterized as carbonaceous nanometric structures and their sizes were evaluated by the Mie theory.

Structural, Magnetic and Dielectric Analysis of Higher Magnetic Mn Doped Zn-Cr Oxide Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
S. D. Balsure
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Microstructural Parameters ◽  
Auto Combustion ◽  
Mn Doped ◽  
Combustion Technique

Higher magnetic Mn doped Zn-Cr oxide nanoparticles with general compositional formula MxZn0.95-xCr0.05O have been synthesized by using sol-gel auto combustion technique. Room temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique has been employed to study the structural and microstructural parameters of the as-prepared samples. XRD analysis confirms the phase purity and hexagonal wurtzite structure of all the samples. Replacement of Zn2+ ions by Mn2+ ions shifts peak positions slightly towards the lower angles which in turn expands the lattice lengths ‘a’ from 3.2487 to 3.2528 Å and ‘c’ from 5.2043 to 5.2118 Å. Crystallite size obtained from Scherrer equation was confirmed by Williamson – Hall (W-H) and size – strain plot methods (SSP). Both W-H and SSP methods reveals the tensile type strain for undoped sample and comprehensive type strain for Mn2+ doped samples. Magnetic properties were investigated by using vibrating sample magnetometer. Diluted ferromagnetic behaviour is observed for all the samples and saturation magnetization (MS) increases from 0.0514 to 0.1163 emu/gm. Two-probe technique was employed to understand the dielectric behaviour of the samples as a function of frequency. At lower frequency region, both dielectric constant () and dielectric loss tangent (tan ) shows higher values and decreases with the increasing applied frequency.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characteristics, and photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles stabilized on the stone surface for degradation of metronidazole from aqueous solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Amir Nasser Alibeigi ◽  
Neda Javid ◽  
Majid Amiri Gharaghani ◽  
Zhila Honarmandrad ◽  
Fatemeh Parsaie
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
Average Crystalline Size ◽  
Stone Surface

Background: The presence of antibiotics such as metronidazole in wastewater even at low concentrations requires searching for a suitable process such as advanced oxidation process (AOP) to reduce the level of pollutants to a standard level in water. Methods: In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by thermal method using zinc sulfate (ZnSO4 ) as a precursor, then, stabilized on stone and was used as a catalyst, in order to degrade metronidazole by photocalytic process. Effective factors on the removal efficiency of metronidazole including the initial metronidazole concentration, contact time, pH, and 0.9 gL-1 ZnO stabilized on the stone surface were investigated. Results: The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies showed that the synthesized nanomaterials have hexagonal Wurtzite structure. Also, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that the average crystalline size of the synthesized ZnO particles was in the range of 1.9-3.2 nm. The spectra represented a sharp absorption edge at 390 nm for ZnO nanoparticles corresponding to band gap of 3.168 eV. The BET-BJH specific surface area of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles was 25.504 m2 /g. The EDS spectrum of ZnO nanoparticles showed four peaks, which were identified as Zn and O. The maximum removal efficiency was 98.36% for the synthetic solution under a specific condition (pH = 11, reaction time = 90 minutes, ZnO concentration = 0.9 gL-1, and the initial concentration of metronidazole = 10 mgL-1). The photocatalytic degradation was found to follow pseudo-first-order degradation kinetics. Conclusion: Therefore, the ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by thermal decomposition are suitable and effective photocatalytic materials for degradation of pharmaceutical contaminants.

scholarly journals Zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by thermal decomposition of zinc benzenepolycarboxylato precursors: Photoluminescent, photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (11) ◽  
pp. 1475-1488
Author(s):  
Lidija Radovanovic ◽  
Jelena Zdravkovic ◽  
Bojana Simovic ◽  
Zeljko Radovanovic ◽  
Katarina Mihajlovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Reactive Orange 16 ◽  
Air Atmosphere

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were obtained by thermal decomposition of one-dimensional zinc?benzenepolycarboxylato complexes as single- -source precursors at 450 ?C in an air atmosphere. The mechanism and kinetics of thermal degradation of zinc?benzenepolycarboxylato complexes were analyzed under non-isothermal conditions in an air atmosphere. The results of X-ray powder diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO with an average crystallite size in the range of 39?47 nm and similar morphology. The band gap and the specific surface area of ZnO nanoparticles were determined using UV?Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller method, respectively. The photoluminescent, photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties of the ZnO nanoparticles were also examined. The best photocatalytic activity in the degradation of C. I. Reactive Orange 16 dye was observed for the ZnO powder where the crystallites form the smallest agglomerates. All ZnO nanoparticles showed excellent inhibitory effect against Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli.

scholarly journals Optical Properties of Sn Doped ZnO Thin Film Prepared Using Sol-Gel Method for Optical Limiting Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Marwa Mudfer Alqaisi ◽  
◽  
Alla J. Ghazai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Pure Zinc ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Doped Zno

In this work, pure Zinc oxide and tin doped Zinc oxide thin films nanoparticles with various volume concentrations of 2, 4, 6, and 8V/V% were prepared by using the sol-gel method. The optical properties were investigated by using UV-Visible spectroscope, and the value exhibits the direct allowed transition. The average of transmittance was around ~(17-23) %in visible region. The optical energy band gap was calculated with wavelength (300-900) nm for pure ZnO and Sn doped ZnO thin films which decreases with increasing concentration from 3.4 eV to 3.1 eV respectively and red shift. The real dielectric(εr) and the imaginary dielectric εiare the same behavior of the refractive index(n) the extinction coefficient (k) respectively. The optical limiting properties were studied by using an SDL laser with a wavelength of 235 nm. ZnO and doping thin films an found efficient as optic limiting and depend on the concentration of the all samples.

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