Wiedza osobista uczniów jako punkt zwrotny w teorii i praktyce dydaktycznej

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1(251)) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Dorota Klus-Stańska
Keyword(s):  
Personal Knowledge ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Formal Curriculum ◽  
Final Point ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
The Public ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Constructivist Conceptions ◽  
Very High

The article presents the students’ personal knowledge as a crucial element of the learning and teaching process. The discovery of personal knowledge by psychologists caused a paradigmatic turn in the theory of teaching. While the conceptions inspired by behaviourism do not take into consideration the personal knowledge and notice/see only the public knowledge assigned by the formal curriculum and textbooks, the constructivist conceptions place personal knowledge very high among the factors significant for the learning process. However, its status is still controversial as far as we treat it not only as a starting point for learning but as a final point determining personalisation of new knowledge as well. To explain this mechanism, the author uses the notions of „a mental gentling of the public knowledge” and „a cognitive partnership”.

scholarly journals The Reality of Educational Supervisors ’Practices for Supervisory Activities from the Point of View of the Public Schools Principals in Aqaba City- Jordan

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Elham. N. Abu Hamde
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
The Public ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Management Experience ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

The study aimed at defining the reality of the supervisory activities for the educational supervisors from the point of view of the public schools principals in Aqaba city - Jordan. To achieve the study purposes the researcher used the descriptive methodology survey due to its appropriateness for the purposes of the study. The study instrument was built and it contained four domains and was applied on the study sample which consisted of (22) principal(male &Female).The study results indicated that the reality of the educational supervisors practices for supervisory activities from the point of view of the public schools principals obtained an overall arithmetic mean of (3.80) with a high degree. However, on the secondary areas level the human relationships was ranked first with an arithmetic mean of (4.11) which was very high; in the second rank came the field of curriculum and text books with arithmetic mean of(3.98) which was high also; the third rank came the domain of learning and teaching with an arithmetic mean of (3.75) which was also high and in the last rank came the domain of school administration with an arithmetic mean of (3.5) which was medium. The results of the study indicated that there are no differences between the means of the educational supervisors’ practices for supervisory activities in terms of (sex, qualifications, management experience years). In the light of the study results a number of recommendations were proposed.

Knowledge as a Public Good and Knowledge as a Commodity

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Nico Stehr ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Legal Restrictions

In order to shed some light on the issue of public knowledge, particularly scientific and technological knowledge, I will first examine the thesis that incremental in the sense of ‘new’ knowledge is rarely found in the public domain. Additional knowledge mainly produced in the scientific community and by research outside of science tends to be treated as a commodity. The restriction on a wide distribution of new knowledge may be based on a number of factors. I will concentrate on contemporary legal restrictions, especially, modern patenting laws. The second part of my observations deals with some of the complexities linked to the thesis that knowledge is a public good. I conclude with remarks about the link between the ownership of knowledge and social inequality.

scholarly journals Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Partisipasi Masyarakat terhadap Pelaksanaan Aplikasi Salinmas (Sampah Online Banyumas) dalam Mengatasi Permasalahan Sampah

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Ryan Marwanti ◽  
Ananto Aji
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Community ◽  
The Public ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Application Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Very High

Research objectives are: Describe the implementation of the SalinMas Application in overcoming the problem of waste in Sokanegara Village and Kedungwuluh Village, Know the level of community participation regarding the implementation of the SalinMas Application in Sokanegara Village and Kedungwuluh Village, Know the level of community participation towards the implementation of the SalinMas Application in Sokanegara Village and Kedungwuluh Village, Analyzing the constrains in the implementation of the SalinMas Application in Sokanegara Village and Kedungwuluh Village. The population in this study were all households in each community unit that had implemented the SalinMas Application (Sokanegara Village and Kedungwuluh Village) with 390 houses. The sample was determined using purposive sampling by taking 15% of the population that is as many as 58 samples. The variables studied were community knowledge, community participation, and obstacles in the implementation of the SalinMas Application. Data collection techniques using the method of observation, test, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses descriptive percentages.  The results shows that the implementation of the SalinMas Application from the initial stage to the present was carried out very well despite the contraints in its implementation. The level of public knowledge on the implementation of the SalinMas Application is included in the very high category with an average score of 90,44% (Sokanegara Village) and 87,87% (Kedungwuluh Village). In addition, the level of community participation in the implementation of the SalinMas application is also high with a proportion of 78,10% (Sokanegara Village) and 81,57% (Kedungwuluh Village). The obstacles faced in implementing the SalinMas application can be seen in terms of operational costs, cooperation with the bank, complaints from KSM, and waste pick-up processes. Suggestions are addressed to local goverments so that the government fulfil and complete infrastructure, cooperation with the (BKK), and improve road access to PDU. In addition, suggestions are also addressed of the public to increase the level of participation in government assessments, and evaluate the implementation of the SalinMas application for at least one month.

ANALISIS KASUS KANKER LIDAH DALAM KONTEKS ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN COMFORT THEORY MODEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Nurviana Suharto
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Care ◽  
Tongue Cancer ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tongue ◽  
Very High ◽  
Carcinoma Tongue ◽  
Comfort Theory

ABSTRACT The prevalence of patients with cancer increase every year. Tongue cancer is a type of malignancy of the tongue, and almost 95% is squamous cell carcinoma. Tongue cancer is a cancer with high progression with bad prognosis so that the mortality rate is very high and often causes discomfort. Comfort is the starting point of various healing that will be achieved by the client. Improvements in client conditions will not be achieved if the need of comfort is not fulfilled. In nursing care the problems that arise in tongue cancer are chronic pain, nutrient imbalance: less than body needs, and ineffective breathing patterns. Analysis of residency practice processes shows that comfort theory can be applied to patients with malignancy cases in nursing care, as it can identify patients' holistic discomfort from the physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural and environmental aspects.Keyword : Comfort Theory, Tongue Cancer

Assessment of COVID-19 Related Misinformation among the Community in Basrah, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (CSI) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Rubaye ◽  
Dhurgham Abdulwahid ◽  
Aymen Albadran ◽  
Abbas Ejbary ◽  
Laith Alrubaiy
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
The Public ◽  
First Case ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Central District

Background: There has been a rapid rise in cases of COVID-19 infection and its mortality rate since the first case reported in February 2020. This led to the rampant dissemination of misinformation and rumors about the disease among the public. Objectives: To investigate the scale of public misinformation about COVID-19 in Basrah, Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on a 22-item questionnaire to assess public knowledge and understanding of information related to the COVID-19 infection. Results: A total of 483 individuals completed the questionnaire. The most frequent age group was 26–35 years (28.2%); there were 280 (58%) males and 203 (42%) females. Of the participants, 282 (58.4%) were with an education level below the Bachelor’s degree, 342 (70.8%) were married, and 311 (64%) were living in districts in Basra other than the central district. Overall, 50.8% (11.8/ 22 * 100%) of individuals had the correct information regarding COVID-19. There was a significant association between the level of COVID-19 related misinformation and participants’ educational levels and occupation (p <0.05). However, there was no significant difference found across sex, age group, marital state, and area of residence. Conclusions: Misinformation related to COVID-19 is widely spread and has to be addressed in order to control the pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19, misinformation, knowledge, Iraq

Men's perception and understanding of male-factor infertility in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. S8-S16
Author(s):  
Eleanor L Stevenson ◽  
Cheng Ching-Yu ◽  
Chang Chia-Hao ◽  
Kevin R McEleny
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Male Factor Infertility ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Uk

Male-factor infertility is a common but stigmatised issue, and men often do not receive the emotional support and the information they need. This study sought to understand awareness of male fertility issues compared to female fertility among the UK general male public, and also what were perceived as being the optimum methods for providing support for affected men, emotionally and through information. Men feel that male infertility is not discussed by the public as much as female infertility. Lifestyle issues that affect male fertility are not well understood, and men affected by infertility desire more support, including online, from health professionals and through peer support. Health professionals, including those in public health, could offer evidence-based programmes to reduce stigma and increase public knowledge about infertility, as well as offer emotional support to men with infertility problems.

scholarly journals Cornel West and Marxist Humanism

2021 ◽  
pp. 089692052098831
Author(s):  
Christian Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Black Liberation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Black Liberation Theology ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Filter Bubbles ◽  
Marxist Humanism ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Cornel West

Humanity has experienced an explosion of anti-humanism in the form of authoritarian capitalism, postmodern filter bubbles, and global problems. Marxist/Socialist Humanism is the proper answer to the deep crisis of humanity. In this context, this article asks ‘How can Cornel West’s works inform a contemporary Marxist humanist theory of society?’ Taking West’s works as a starting point, what are the key elements of a Marxist humanist theory of society? Cornel West is one of the leading critical intellectuals today. His work has fused anti-racist theory, Black Liberation Theology, Marxist theory, pragmatism, and existentialism. This article especially focuses on West’s understanding of humanism and culture. It shows how his works and praxis can inform the reinvigoration of Marxist Humanism in the age of authoritarian capitalism as a socialist response. West’s thought can and should also inform the analysis of alienation, exploitation, domination, culture, the public sphere, the critique of ideology, and popular culture.

scholarly journals Examining Australian public perceptions and behaviors towards a future COVID-19 vaccine

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Seale ◽  
Anita E. Heywood ◽  
Julie Leask ◽  
Meru Sheel ◽  
David N. Durrheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Individual Perceptions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Early Indication

Abstract Background As immunisation program launches have previously demonstrated, it is essential that careful planning occurs now to ensure the readiness of the public for a COVID-19 vaccine. As part of that process, this study aimed to understand the public perceptions regarding a future COVID-19 vaccine in Australia. Methods A national cross-sectional online survey of 1420 Australian adults (18 years and older) was undertaken between 18 and 24 March 2020. The statistical analysis of the data included univariate and multivariable logistic regression model analysis. Results Respondents generally held positive views towards vaccination. Eighty percent (n = 1143) agreed with the statement that getting myself vaccinated for COVID-19 would be a good way to protect myself against infection. Females (n = 614, 83%) were more likely to agree with the statement than males (n = 529, 78%) (aOR = 1.4 (95% CI: 1.1–1.8); P = 0.03), while 91% of those aged 70 years and above agreed compared to 76% of 18–29-year-olds (aOR = 2.3 (95% CI:1.2–4.1); P = 0.008). Agreement was also higher for those with a self-reported chronic disease (aOR = 1.4 (95% CI: 1.1–2.0); P = 0.04) and among those who held private health insurance (aOR = 1.7 (95% CI: 1.3–2.3); P < 0.001). Beyond individual perceptions, 78% stated that their decision to vaccinate would be supported by family and friends. Conclusion This study presents an early indication of public perceptions towards a future COVID-19 vaccine and represents a starting point for mapping vaccine perceptions. To support an effective launch of these new vaccines, governments need to use this time to understand the communities concerns and to identify the strategies that will support engagement.

Peirce on learning and teaching

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winfried Nöth
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Philosophy Of Education ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Abductive Reasoning ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Theory Of Education ◽  
New Information ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Semiotic Theory

Abstract The paper is a precis of C. S. Peirce’s semiotic theory of education. It presents this theory of learning and teaching from the perspective of Peirce’s phenomenological categories of Firstness, Secondness, and Thirdness. In the domain of Thirdness, learning is mediation between ignorance and knowledge, new information and old knowledge. Teaching has its focus on laws, symbols, legisigns, and reasoning. In the domain of Secondness, learners acquire new knowledge from the “hard realities” of real-life experience, from obstacles, and from the resistance caused by error and doubt. Teaching takes place by means of sinsigns (singular signs) and indexical signs. In the domain of Firstness, the learner acquires familiarity with the sensory qualities of objects of experience and learns from free associations, imagination, and acts of creativity. The instruments of teaching are qualisigns, icons, and abductive reasoning. The paper concludes that Peirce’s philosophy of education is holistic insofar as it states that most efficient signs are those signs in which “the iconic, indicative, and symbolic characters are blended as equally as possible.”

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