scholarly journals ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE MULTIFUNCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS WITH DIVERSIFIED NATURAL POTENTIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (4) ◽  
pp. 514-522
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Ślusarz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Cohesion Policy ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Linkage Method ◽  
Endogenous Potential ◽  
High Migration ◽  
Complete Linkage Method ◽  
Basic Determinant

The article assesses the natural conditions for the development of entrepreneurship, which is the basic determinant of the multifunctional development of a given territory. Achieving the objective formulated in this way, the answers to the following questions were sought: how do natural conditions, especially those considered valuable in terms of nature, affect the development of entrepreneurship – the dynamics and the structure of enterprises; do they favour diversification of economic entities and multifunctional development; how does the development of entrepreneurship translate into the use of endogenous resources of a given territory, into social processes (migration, unemployment, average wages)? The research (2012-2017) covered the region of Podkarpacie, with particular emphasis on counties with the highest and lowest share of natural value areas. The delimitation of counties was performed with the use of the complete linkage method, which allows one to distinguish subsets characterized by high internal similarity due to the adopted features. The research showed that natural values did not constitute an asset for the multifunctional development of these areas. This concerns both the development of the SME sector (the dynamics of the sector is lower than in the whole region and the compared group of counties) and the use of environmental values for the development of organic production - a clear decrease in the number of farms and the area of organic crops. The consequence of this is limited use of endogenous potential – high unemployment and high migration. This demonstrates the low effectiveness of cohesion policy and carries a high risk of depopulation of these areas, with all the complexity of such a process.

Development of entrepreneurship in valuable natural rural areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 753-770
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Slusarza ◽  
Marek Cierpial-Wolan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Synthetic Indicators ◽  
Linkage Method ◽  
Endogenous Potential ◽  
Urbanized Region

The values of the natural environment in the subject literature are commonly indicated as an asset conducive to development shaping the competitiveness of areas with such values. The paper attempts to assess the use of endogenous potential of such areas in shaping the multifunctional, sustainable development of rural areas that have such qualities. In particular, the aim was to check to what extent the sme sector, dominating in the economic structure of rural areas, solves the key problem of labour market imbalance and population migration in environmentally valuable areas. The area of detailed research is Podkarpacie, the Polish region considered as a peripheral, border region, the least urbanized region with the highest share of areas covered by various forms of nature protection and forestation, with one of the lowest gdp per capita indicator in the country. For the purpose of implementing the research assumptions, a taxonomic unit (using the complete linkage method) consisting of powiats with the highest concentration of features characteristic for rural areas of high natural values was separated. Synthetic indicators calculated on the basis of the Hellwig taxonomic development pattern method and a positional method using Weber's median were used to assess the diversity of entrepreneurship level. The research confirmed that the non-agricultural economic activity sector is less developed in areas of high natural value. Despite positive developments in the enterprise sector, their potential is too weak an economic base for addressing unsustainable labour market problems, as evidenced by high unemployment and a high negative migration balance. This limits the use of the endogenous potential of these areas and is not conducive to the concept of multifunctional, sustainable development. Migration poses a threat to the depopulation of these areas with all the negative consequences associated with such processes. This is a challenge for the studied areas and regional policy.

DIAGNOSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Nataliia Khomiuk
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Anal Ysis ◽  
Environmental Component

The purpose of the article is to analyze the environmental situation in rural areas in Ukraine in order to develop proposals for the diversification of agricultural production and non-agricultural activities in these areas on the basis of sustainable development. Based on the anal-ysis of the scientific literature on sustainable rural development, protection, and reproduction of natural resource potential, the methodological basis for the study of the ecological component of sustainable rural development has been formed. In the course of the research monographic, economic-statistical methods and methods of scientific generalization and synthesis were used. Based on the study of the state of agricultural lands, a continuous decrease in fertility as a result of increasing the rate of their degradation is substantiated. It was found that agricultural pro-ducers have reduced capital investment in environmental protection. It is proposed to promote the development of organic production as one of the areas of diversification of agricultural activities in order to reduce degradation processes.

POSSIBILITIES OF IMPLEMENTING THE SMART DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT IN RURAL AREAS FROM A BUSINESS PERSPECTIVE. THE EXAMPLE OF EASTERN POLAND

2021 ◽  
Vol XIII (1) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Magdalena Anna Zwolińska-Ligaj
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Opinion Poll ◽  
Local Sector ◽  
Endogenous Potential ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this paper was the evaluation of the impact of selected background conditions for implementing the smart village concept in the opinion of entrepreneurs. The assessment was based on an opinion poll on a sample of 240 entrepreneurs from three regions of Eastern Poland, using a questionnaire. The results were presented using descriptive analysis, including a comparative analysis of areas with low and high levels of smart growth potential. The presented results show that rural areas in the abovementioned regions, in general, create disadvantageous conditions for enhancing innovativeness through business activity, and the surveyed agents are characterised by a low level of innovativeness. In the opinion of the surveyed entrepreneurs, on the impact of selected factors on enterprise innovativeness, the potential impact of the local environment is above average. The findings point to a need to develop the endogenous potential of rural areas from peripheral regions by increasing access to modern ITC infrastructure and the role of the institutional environment in the process of knowledge transfer to the local sector of companies, the development of local connections in the business sector and within the scope of cooperation of local authorities with entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Appraisal of the conversion possibilities of pastoral meat sheep systems to the organic production model

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Francisco de Asís Ruiz ◽  
Daniel Grande ◽  
José Nahed ◽  
José María Castel ◽  
Yolanda Mena
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Pastoral Systems ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Meat Sheep ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

Abstract In the Mediterranean Basin, sheep meat production systems are based on grazing, and help to conserve biodiversity, mitigate the greenhouse gases emissions and maintain the population in rural areas. However, the lack of differentiation of pastoral systems, as opposed to the intensive model, puts its continuity at risk. In this sense, organic farming can be an alternative to sustain extensive sheep-cereal production systems in marginal Mediterranean drylands. The aim of this research was to evaluate the conversion possibilities of pastoral meat sheep production systems to the organic production model in the Mediterranean Basin, working with the autochthonous Segureña breed sheep. 46 farms were studied, classified into four clusters by mean of multivariate analysis. In order to determine the degree to which farms approached the organic model, 60 variables, grouped into nine indicators were analyzed to obtain an Organic Conversion Index (OCI). The Nutritional management indicator has a high value of approaching the organic model, as well as Animal welfare and Food safety. Marketing and business management, Breeds and reproduction, Weed and pest control and Sustainable pasture management indicators also reach a good approximation level. Only the Breeds and reproduction indicator presented values with significant differences between clusters. The average value of the OCI for the 46 farms ranges from 63 to 70%, and therefore it can be concluded that extensive meat sheep herds in the region are close to this production model. Among the recommendations that can be made to improve the conversion possibilities to the organic model are: (i) to increase own fodder production or find a way to obtain it easily and economically; (ii) to complete the plant−soil−animal cycle, (iii) to seek greater marketing autonomy and (iv) to achieve closer contact with the final consumer. At the same time, government policy both in Spain and other parts of Europe should persevere to find more ways to support the progress of this type of production, in an effort to address limitations and overcome the lack of alternative markets.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS AND DIRECTIONS OF THE TRANSITION FROM TRADITIONAL TO SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE: THE BULGARIAN CASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Doitchinova ◽  
Albena Miteva ◽  
Darina Zaimova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
New Business ◽  
Scientific Project ◽  
New Business Models ◽  
Productive Model

On the basis of a literature review, the directions for transition of agriculture from the productive to the post-productive model are presented. A methodological framework has been developed, including the directions of the transition and the indicators on which it can be assessed. On the basis of this implementation, the passage from quantity to production quality, to the sustainability of agriculture, to new business models based on multifunctionality are assessed. It turns out that the changes in Bulgarian agriculture cannot be assessed unambiguously. The transition to sustainability is accompanied by continued mechanization and digitization of technological processes. There is a simultaneous development of both the productive and the post-productive model of agriculture. Together with the increasing interest in organic production, the implementation of environmentally friendly practices and the implementation of ecosystem services, modernization based on computerization and chemisation continues. The results are part of scientific project DN 15/8 2017 Sustainable multifunctional rural areas: reconsidering agricultural models and systems with increased demands and limited resources funded by the Bulgarian research fund.

FEATURES OF EU AGRICULTURAL POLICY: OPPORTUNITIES FOR UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Oleksii Hryhorovych Korytnyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Eu

The need for constant monitoring of existing practices to improve the efficiency of the agricultural sector and identify important guidelines for further development of this area.Using modern experience of EU countries to increase the efficiency of the national agricultural sector.Practical and theoretical issues of development of the agricultural sector and the use of existing practical experience in this field were considered by O. Borodin, O. Bublienko, V. Granovska, N. Karaseva, I. Klymenko, R. Kosodiy, M. Skoryk and others.Active development of economic processes in the agricultural sector requires current research on the existing practical experience of developed countries.Analysis of practical experience in ensuring the effective functioning of the agricultural sector of the EU.An effective direction of the transition to sustainable development of rural areas is organic production (regulatory principles are reflected in the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU). The institutional norms of the CAP EU act as a guarantor of positive transformations and a "substitute" for the interests of producers in conditions of market competition. In practice, the Council and the EU Commission are responsible for implementing the common policy. European policy for the development of the agricultural sector is funded by the European Agrarian Fund for Rural Development. EU countries use various mechanisms (subsidies, grants, state loan guarantees, etc.) for the development of the agricultural sector. The best results in the direction of sustainable development of the agricultural sector were achieved by countries that took radical steps quickly, decisively, comprehensively. The experience of the EU countries shows that it is also justified to limit government intervention in this sector, or to implement it through market-type mechanisms

scholarly journals Potential Job Creation and Resource Dependance in Rural Finland

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-224
Author(s):  
Olli Lehtonen ◽  
Markku Tykkyläinen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Policy Measures

Abstract Despite strong secular economic growth after the crisis of 1990-93, most of rural Finland has continued to face severe job losses. By applying small-area analysis, this paper seeks to explain why some rural areas inevitably experience declining employment while others prosper and grow even faster than urban areas. The variation of job creation in rural small areas derives from local economic conditions, local demographic structure, proximity to larger centers, and natural conditions. Contrary to expectations, the coldest areas with nature reserves have passed the worst job loss. Those areas had a lower burden of declining primary industries than traditional agro-forest areas, and because of tourism, industry has expanded in some places in Lapland. The dependence of an area on the primary sector is a good indicator of the highest rural job losses during the urban-centric economic growth period. Especially the most resource dependent areas have lagged behind and fail in job creation on account of their uncompetitive industrial environment. Persistent labor surplus plagues such areas, implying that established policy measures have been unable to restructure and modernize traditional rural areas. Since Finnish rural and regional policies have been being inefficient they should be reformed especially in resource-based areas in a fundamental way.

scholarly journals Regional Distribution of Ambulant Nursing Services in Germany. A GIS Accessibility Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-359
Author(s):  
Stefan Neumeier
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Cohesion Policy ◽  
German Health Care System ◽  
Accessibility Analysis ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Nursing Services ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Basic Services

Abstract In many rural areas in Europe a spatial concentrating of basic services can be observed due to interacting socioeconomic and demographic processes. At the European level, territorial cohesion policy aims at mitigating the consequences of this development. Additionally, in Germany, this development is a greatly discussed topic. However, little data exists at the country level on the dimensions and consequences of this spatial concentration process. This limitation makes it difficult to realistically assess the situation and identify the regions and basic services where intervention may be required. As a contribution to bridging this knowledge gap, we used a GIS accessibility analysis to analyse the regional distribution of ambulant nursing services throughout Germany and to estimate the availability of such services near patients’ places of residence. Ambulant nursing care is an important basic service of the German health care system; such services allow disabled or elderly people who are not able to fully care for themselves to stay in their homes and living environments. The analysis results lead us to conclude that although ambulant nursing services must cover greater distances to reach customers in rural areas, at present such services are nationally available in rural areas as well as in urban areas.

scholarly journals ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL REFORM: TRANSFORMATION OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE REGIONAL CONTEXT (A CASE STUDY OF THE UDMURT REPUBLIC)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-638
Author(s):  
R.M. Yamilov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management System ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Functional Optimization ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Digital Management ◽  
Territorial Management ◽  
Udmurt Republic

Within the framework of this article, the transformation of local self-government in the regional context (on the example of the Udmurt Republic) is considered with some reservations. Two main tasks of the administrative-territorial reform are identified: the unification of municipal districts into enlarged municipal districts; and the level-by-level reconfiguration of management processes based on functional optimization. It is proposed to create six enlarged municipal districts in the Udmurt Republic. Mixed municipal areas are identified as a result of the combination of urban settlements and rural areas. Excessive administrative-territorial management in relation to rural areas of the Udmurt Republic is revealed. An enlarged scheme of functional optimization of administrative processes of administrative-territorial management is proposed. Quantitative optimization and qualitative (functional) optimization of administrative-territorial management are distinguished. The necessity of a single digital management platform as the basis of administrative-territorial reform is shown. The transition from a fractal management system to an antifractal management system is proposed through the functional optimization of management processes, in relation to which administrative and territorial management should be built. The necessity of compliance of administrative-territorial reform with digital management is shown. Brief examples of functional optimization in relation to regional educational social processes and in relation to regional agricultural social processes are given. The possible reduction of budget expenditures by 5.8 billion rubles relative to the expenditures of the consolidated budget of the Udmurt Republic for 2019 is calculated, which is 5.99 % of this budget in the traditional version of the regional reconfiguration of management processes

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document