Selected issues of risk assessment in relation to railway signalling systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
Dariusz Szmel ◽  
Wiesław Zabłocki ◽  
Przemysław Ilczuk ◽  
Andrzej Kochan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Requirements Definition ◽  
Railway Systems ◽  
Railway System ◽  
Railway Signalling ◽  
High Level

The selected methods of the risk assessment and analysis of signaling railway systems about the whole railway system were introduced in the article. The selected methods applied at the first stage of safety requirements definition within the preliminary system definition described at a high level of abstraction will be considered. It will be discussed the application of a holistic approach with the management of residual risk. The risk models will be presented and steps of assessing, analyzing, and evaluating risk, including hazard identification, consequences analysis, and selection of risk acceptance principles. The article's key aspect will be the determination of quantitative safety targets based on the THR indicator as an important parameter for further hazard analysis of the system, particularly in computer application. Normative and legislation requirements in the scope of risk assessment for the railway system will be considered, including the interoperability and safety directives and decrees regulations.

scholarly journals Method for Selecting the Safety Integrity Level for the Control-Command and Signaling Functions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7062
Author(s):  
Dariusz Szmel ◽  
Wiesław Zabłocki ◽  
Przemysław Ilczuk ◽  
Andrzej Kochan
Keyword(s):  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Computer Applications ◽  
Signaling Systems ◽  
Safety Integrity Level ◽  
Control Command ◽  
Railway Signalling ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

The purpose of the article is to present selected method of risk assessment of railway control and signaling systems, including current normative and legal bases, such as directives and regulations that regulate the interoperability and safety of the railway system. Selected methods used at the initial stage of creating safety requirements and referring to the initial definition of the system defined at a high level of abstraction are considered. Issues of holistic approach and residual risk management are also discussed. Risk models are presented as well as individual steps of risk analysis, evaluation, and assessment, including hazard identification, impact analysis, and selection of the risk acceptance principle. Selected model based on hazard and operability studies (HAZOP) and an adapted risk graph was applied to the real signalling equipment. The key aspect undertaken in the article is the proposal to set quantitative safety objectives based on the safety integrity level/tolerable hazard rate (SIL/THR) indicator, as an important parameter in further analysis of the system, especially in computer applications. The result of study showed that application of proposed combination HAZOP and adapted risk graph method are efficient and suitable for a railway signalling application. The results and conclusion are presented in Chapters 4 and 6 of the article.

scholarly journals A refinement-based development of a distributed signalling system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulius Stankaitis ◽  
Alexei Iliasov ◽  
Tsutomu Kobayashi ◽  
Yamine Aït-Ameur ◽  
Fuyuki Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Verification ◽  
Modelling Language ◽  
Distributed Protocol ◽  
Rigorous Approach ◽  
Railway Systems ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Stepwise Development ◽  
Railway Signalling ◽  
High Level ◽  
Signalling Systems

AbstractThe decentralised railway signalling systems have a potential to increase capacity, availability and reduce maintenance costs of railway networks. However, given the safety-critical nature of railway signalling and the complexity of novel distributed signalling solutions, their safety should be guaranteed by using thorough system validation methods. To achieve such a high-level of safety assurance of these complex signalling systems, scenario-based testing methods are far from being sufficient despite that they are still widely used in the industry. Formal verification is an alternative approach which provides a rigorous approach to verifying complex systems and has been successfully used in the railway domain. Despite the successes, little work has been done in applying formal methods for distributed railway systems. In our research we are working towards a multifaceted formal development methodology of complex railway signalling systems. The methodology is based on the Event-B modelling language which provides an expressive modelling language, a stepwise development and a proof-based model verification. In this paper, we present the application of the methodology for the development and verification of a distributed protocol for reservation of railway sections. The main challenge of this work is developing a distributed protocol which ensures safety and liveness of the distributed railway system when message delays are allowed in the model.

scholarly journals Analisis Risiko Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) dengan Metode Hazard Analysis (Studi Kasus pada Proyek Pembangunan Perumahan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Nidya Wisudawati ◽  
Rurry Patradhiani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Risk Level

Risiko kecelakaan kerja merupahal hal yang tak dapat dihindari dari kegiatan proyek pembangunan. PT Gran Anugerah Wijaya merupakan pengusaha pengembang perumahan yang sedang mengerjakan proyek pembangunanan 58 unit rumah tipe 36 yang berlokasi di daerah Palembang. Dari hasil pengamatan lapangan, alur proses pembangunan rumah yang dikerjakan meliputi pemasangan pondasi, pemasangan dinding, pemasangan kusen kayu, pemasangan rangka atap dan finishing. Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment dan Risk Control telah dilakukan dlaam penelitian ini. Hasil yang didapat bahwa terdapat 27 potensi risiko dengan risk level diantara rendah hinggi tinggi. Pengendalian risiko yang bisa dilakaukan untuk mengurangi bahaya kerja terhadap karyawan bangunan diantaranya substitusi, administrasi dan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD).

scholarly journals PENERAPAN METODE 5R (RINGKAS, RAPI, RESIK, RAWAT, RAJIN) DAN IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI BAHAYA DI GUDANG BAHAN KIMIA LABORATORIUM MIPA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riana Septiani, ◽  
◽  
Mirandi Pratiwi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Pareto Chart ◽  
Safety Hazard ◽  
A Value ◽  
Work Accidents ◽  
Index Value ◽  
High Level

Abstract This research is about Application of 5R methods ((Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat, Rajin) and indentification of hazard potential in Chemical Warehouse. And it aims to improve the work environment in the laboratory by using the 5R work method and identify potential hazards contained. Analysis of the two problems was carried out using several methods, namely for the implementation of warehouse layout with the 5R method, and for work safety using hazard identification & risk assessment using Pareto Chart Analysis to discuss the level of work accident risk from the highest to the lowest, and proceed by using a Fishbone Chart Analysis to analyze the types of work accidents from the factors that cause the risk of accidents. The index value before the application of 5R has a value of 20%, while the index value after improvement is 75.6% and the result of hazard identification has 23 hazard risks from 7 activities with an area that has a very high level of hazard risk. Keywords: 5R, occupational safety, hazard identification, risk assessment, work accidents, Chemical Warehouse

ANALISIS PENERAPAN KESELAMATAN KERJA DALAM UPAYA PENGENDALIAN KECELAKAAN KERJA DI PT. BUDI DWIYASA PERKASA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Alhamid ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Risk Assessment Method ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Plantation Company ◽  
Work Done

Abstract In conducting activities, many found workers who did not use personal protective equipment, do not pay attention to safety in work and work done like without procedure. PT. Budi Dwiyasa Perkasais a plantation company palm oil. Based on accident data obtained work, there are 14 case of accident in April until June 2016 in PT. Budi Dwiyasa Perkasa. A major factor cause of the accident is unsafe actions and unsafe conditions. Hazard analysis needs to be done in order to prevent the accident of work. Hazard identification done with using the risk assessment method. This analysis of the technique used to determine the level of the risk of a job is a combination of between the possibility of the harms caused by the severity of the caused. The result of hazard identification with this method is used in a kind of work to have a high risk level and need to address special in order to prevent the accident.

scholarly journals A reduction method for magnetic disturbance caused by DC railway system

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuezhen Ding ◽  
Yuguo Li ◽  
Yunju Wu ◽  
Shuangmin Duan ◽  
Zhuoxuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Magnetic Disturbance ◽  
Adaptive Kalman Filter ◽  
Railway Systems ◽  
Geomagnetic Data ◽  
Railway System ◽  
Kalman Filter Method ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe stray current of direct current (DC) railway systems causes magnetic disturbance in geomagnetic measurements, which may complicate the identification of useful information. The magnetic disturbance exhibits broadband characteristics in the frequency domain. In this paper, we propose a noise reduction method based on the adaptive Kalman filter to extract useful signals from the geomagnetic data with a high level of noise. The covariance matrixes of both the process noise (Q) and measurement noise (R) can be adaptively estimated to improve the performance of the adaptive Kalman filter. The proposed method is adopted to process the geomagnetic data collected at the Beijing Geomagnetic Observatory (BJI), which is affected by the DC railway system. The magnetic disturbance is largely reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratios of the horizontal and vertical components of the geomagnetic field are improved by more than 14 dB and 27 dB, respectively. The K-indices are calculated to evaluate the performance of the adaptive Kalman filter method. To assess the influence of the adaptive Kalman filter on natural signals, the geomagnetic data that contain rapid variations are processed. The denoising results show that the adaptive Kalman filter can effectively reduce the magnetic disturbance caused by DC railway system without large impact on the natural geomagnetic rapid variations.

scholarly journals Technical Regulation of Industrial Facilities’ Safety: Hazard Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Грановский ◽  
E. Granovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
System Safety ◽  
Safety Hazard ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Qualitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Decisions

The problems of hazard identification in the structure of technological systems’ risk analysis are considered. Various methods of brainstorming used in the danger analysis are presented. It has been demonstrated that HAZOP investigation is the most structured brainstorming method for identification of system hazards. Roles, tasks and requirements for expert group’s leader and participants are considered. It has been demonstrated that experts’ competence needed for the hazard analysis does not meet the requirements to the competence for qualitative risk assessment. Decisions needed to achieve sufficient system safety must be taken after a quantitative risk assessment.

scholarly journals Analisis Risiko Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Menggunakan Metode Hirarc pada Proses Perbaikan Kapal Tugboat (Studi Kasus PT Marga Surya Shipindo, Samarinda)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Willy Tambunan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
High Category ◽  
Engineering Control ◽  
And Control

<p><em>H</em><em>ealth and safety has been known as one of the requirements in carrying out tasks and a form of human rights factor for workers in carrying out work activities. Lack of awareness and concern for K3 resulted in the existence of work risks, namely the presence of accidents that occur in welding activities carried out on the maintenance of tugboats carried by PT. Margasurya Shipindo like being hit by welding sparks, slipping, touched by hot iron which causes injury to workers. Therefore the purpose of this study is to identify and classify potential hazards, and control risks in work activities at PT. Marga Suryashipindo. Hazard analysis of risk in this study used the Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) method. Based on the results of observations and interviews with 3 maitenance workers and 1 maintenance coordinator, there were 22 potential hazards. Based on the risk assessment, the risk level values were not with the HIGH category, 10 risks were MEDIUM category and 12 risk were LOW category. Control of the above risks is to use APD with the standards of welding workers, carry out administrative controls in the form of the application of SOP welding and K3 supervision to evaluate work activities. In addition, Engineering control is also carried out in the form of holding lift aids and doing maintenance on a regular basis, procuring toolsbox, and arranging tools and materials in the welding location.</em><strong><em></em></strong></p>

scholarly journals Simulation Model Based Response Management Related to Railway (Earthquake) Disaster

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Kinzhikeyev ◽  
József Rohács ◽  
Dániel Rohács ◽  
Anita Boros
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Markov Process ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Railway Systems ◽  
Sustainable Systems ◽  
Management Concept ◽  
Railway System ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
Strategic Element

Railway system as part of the general transportation system is a strategic element that supports the economy and the society. Its role is continuously rising with rapid industrialization, urbanization, and changes in the society expectations regarding sustainable systems. New and emerging technologies call and permit the augmentation of the railway systems’ disaster management. This paper deals with the development of an improved response management concept related to railways’ damage, caused by earthquakes. The paper synthetizes the latest technologies, engineering, and management methods in one improved response management system. After the concept inspiration, the paper describes the applicable novel models and introduces an improved response management being developed for railway systems, damaged by earthquakes. The concept is verified in simulation. The novelty includes a new approach in the identification of the critical infrastructure, the risk assessment, the prediction of aftershocks and the recursive application of the adaptive Markov process to the simulation supporting the response management concept.

scholarly journals Algorithmic prediction of failure modes in healthcare

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayala Kobo-Greenhut ◽  
Ortal Sharlin ◽  
Yael Adler ◽  
Nitza Peer ◽  
Vered H Eisenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Patient Identification ◽  
Complete Identification ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fmea Method

Abstract Background Preventing medical errors is crucial, especially during crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is the most widely used prospective hazard analysis in healthcare. FMEA relies on brainstorming by multi-disciplinary teams to identify hazards. This approach has two major weaknesses: significant time and human resource investments, and lack of complete and error-free results. Objectives To introduce the algorithmic prediction of failure modes in healthcare (APFMH) and to examine whether APFMH is leaner in resource allocation in comparison to the traditional FMEA and whether it ensures the complete identification of hazards. Methods The patient identification during imaging process at the emergency department of Sheba Medical Center was analyzed by FMEA and APFMH, independently and separately. We compared between the hazards predicted by APFMH method and the hazards predicted by FMEA method; the total participants’ working hours invested in each process and the adverse events, categorized as ‘patient identification’, before and after the recommendations resulted from the above processes were implemented. Results APFMH is more effective in identifying hazards (P &lt; 0.0001) and is leaner in resources than the traditional FMEA: the former used 21 h whereas the latter required 63 h. Following the implementation of the recommendations, the adverse events decreased by 44% annually (P = 0.0026). Most adverse events were preventable, had all recommendations been fully implemented. Conclusion In light of our initial and limited-size study, APFMH is more effective in identifying hazards (P &lt; 0.0001) and is leaner in resources than the traditional FMEA. APFMH is suggested as an alternative to FMEA since it is leaner in time and human resources, ensures more complete hazard identification and is especially valuable during crisis time, when new protocols are often adopted, such as in the current days of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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