Legal and Axiological Basis for Social Reintegration of Persons Sentenced to Imprisonment and Public Participation in the Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-6
Author(s):  
Przemysław Tarwacki
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Social Reintegration ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Polish Society

The article discusses the problem of social reintegration of prisoners, which — despite being raised many a time in the relevant literaturę — remains to be a point of issue. In the light of a recent survey conducted by the Polish Public Opinion Research Centre (hereinafter: CBOS), former convicts are considered by the Polish society as one of the groups of people most at risk of social exclusion. In turn, a report of the Ministry of Justice of 2020, regarding convicted adults, shows that a very large number of people leaving prison return to crime as early as in the first year after being released, which, for obvious reasons, has a negative impact on the internal security of our country. These circumstances encourage one to take a fresh glance at the problem of social reintegration of convicts and to search for additional arguments in favor of extending special support to this group of people. A review of the existing legislation indicates that it allows the principle of individualisation of assistance for the sake of social readaptation of individual convicts to be applied to an unlimited extent. What is strictly limited, however, is the circle of persons who can undertake activities for the social readaptation of prisoners during their imprisonment. The exclusion from the above-mentioned circle of all persons validly convicted of intentional offences is unjustified, and with regard to those members of society who, outside the structures of non-governmental organisations, wish to engage in activities for the social readaptation of convicted persons is downright unlawful, as it is contrary to higher-order legal acts. An in-depth analysis of the law in force leads to the conclusion that argumentation for not treating this social group differently from other individuals most at risk of social exclusion can be found in the constitution itself. On the other hand, a review of lower-order legal acts leads to the observation that since our country's accession to the European Union there have appeared both new measures and additional reasons, different from those traditionally identified in the doctrine of executive criminal law, for investing in any human capital in need of support, including persons sentenced to imprisonment.

Analisi della distribuzione dell'esclusione sociale in Italia

2009 ◽  
pp. 145-161
Author(s):  
Ambra Poggi
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Social

- Social exclusion can be defined as a process leading to a state of multiple functioning deprivations. The aim of this paper is to analyze the social exclusion distribution in Italy from 1997 to 2000. Our purpose is to better understand the factors affecting the extent to which individuals change place in the social exclusion distribution. The focus is on both mobility and persistence; we identify population sub-groups at risk of experiencing severe deprivations for longer periods. JEL I3, J6

scholarly journals POVERTY AND EMPLOYMENT STATUS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM NORTH MACEDONIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitar Nikoloski
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Poverty Status

Poverty and social exclusion are often associated with unemployment, but being employed is not always sufficient to provide decent living conditions for workers and their families. The ‘low-wage’ workers similarly as unemployed are often associated with an image of men and women struggling to support their families and living at risk of poverty and social exclusion. Dealing with the social stratification engendered from the employment status of workers in the post-transition countries represents a challenging task for the academics and policymakers. The aim of the paper is to assess the determinants of poverty in North Macedonia from the point of view of employment status, particularly the differences between low-paid and unemployed workers. We assess the factors affecting the probability of at-risk-of poverty status by estimating a logit model on cross-section data separately for employed and unemployed persons in 2015. The analysis draws from an examination of micro data from the Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) whose main scope is to enable the compilation of statistics on income distribution, as well as indicators of monetary poverty. Besides other personal and household characteristics, being low-paid appears as the most important factor for at-risk-of poverty status among employed persons, while the low work intensity is the most responsible factor for at-risk-of poverty status among unemployed persons. In addition, our analysis reveals that the social transfers do not satisfactorily cover these categories, which assumes that we need a much broader arsenal of respective policy measures aiming to reduce poverty among the vulnerable labour market segments. The proposed policy recommendations cover the following areas: education and training, active labour market policies, unionisation and collective bargaining, wage subsidies and taxation and statutory minimum wage.

scholarly journals Social Indicators and the Effectiveness of Social Transfers in Greece over the Recent Crisis

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Maria Botsari ◽  
Theodoros Mitrakos
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Of Greece

<p>In this paper we present key statistics on poverty, inequality and social exclusion in Greece and the eurozone over the crisis period 2009-2014. The data presented in this paper reveal that six years of economic recession and usterity in Greece have had a significant negative impact on rates of poverty and social exclusion, which have reached historically unprecedented and socially unacceptable high levels. Our data and analyses suggest that the Welfare State, one of the major functions of which is to redistribute income collected through taxation via social transfers, is the least effective in Greece, among all eurozone countries, in alleviating poverty and income inequality. Greece is ranked last in the Eurozone in terms of trust in government, freedom of choice, perceived levels of public sector corruption, and happiness, and third and second to last, respectively, in terms of trust in others and social support. We argue that the erosion of the social fabric and the perceived quality of the Greek climate of trust appear to be part of the story of Greece being the biggest happiness loser among 125 countries from 2005-2007 to 2012-2014.</p>

scholarly journals Social Entrepreneurship and Social Inequality: A Case Study of Latvia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aija Sannikova ◽  
◽  
Jelena Titko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Social

The present research analyses the theoretical and practical aspects of interaction between social entrepreneurship and socio-economic processes, thereby building up scientific experience in analyses of social entrepreneurship processes. The authors, based on a theoretical literature review and an examination of social entrepreneurship in Latvia, analysed the elements of the social entrepreneurship ecosystem, the impacts of social entrepreneurship and statistical data on social inequality in Latvia. The research concluded that social development in Latvia was at the initial stage, yet it provided support to people at risk of social exclusion and poverty. The development of social entrepreneurship in the regions of Latvia was uneven.

scholarly journals PERSONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT NEEDS OF SOCIAL WORKERS AND YOUNG PEOPLE AT RISK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
Anna Vintere
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Personal Finances

Social exclusion is widely recognized as having a lasting negative impact on quality of life and future opportunities. Many young people live in families at risk of poverty. One of the causes of social exclusion is the inability to manage personal finances. Social workers working with these young people may not always be able to help, as they often do not have sufficient knowledge on how to properly consult young people on their personal financial issues. In order to find out the needs of personal financial management, a case study involving social workers and young people from social exclusion groups was carried out with the financial support of Nordplus Horizontal programme. This article analyses data from a Latvian survey that reveals main reasons causing personal financial management problems, as well as ways to overcome them. The study also answers the question of what knowledge and skills, as well as methodological materials, are needed by social workers to support young people at risk and to develop their personal financial management skills. 

An Approach for Detecting Social Interactions on Mobile Devices

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Isadora Vasconcellos e Souza ◽  
William Bortoluzzi Pereira ◽  
João Carlos D Lima
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
The Social ◽  
User Intervention

Social exclusion can occur in a variety of ways, one of which is lack of social interaction. The recognition of the social relations that occur in a group is fundamental to identify possible exclusions. This chapter proposes SocialCount, a mobile application that identifies social interactions performed by the user. In order not to interfere in the naturalness of relationships, the application was designed to infer social interactions without user intervention. The data of the interactions generated sociograms that represented the structure of the relations in a group in a simple way. Through the sociogram it was possible to visualize the users who may be socially at risk and alert the professionals responsible to solve the situation.

'The best holidays I ever had': the benefits of social tourism programmes for children at risk of poverty and social exclusion.

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Cátia Loureiro ◽  
Celeste Eusébio ◽  
Elisabete Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
Summer Holiday ◽  
Children’S Participation ◽  
Children's Participation

Abstract This chapter analyses children's participation in the social tourism programme promoted by the 'O Século' Foundation in Portugal. A literature review is first presented, which discusses both the constraints of poverty and social exclusion in childhood and the relevance of social tourism programmes in mitigating its effects and promoting social inclusion. The chapter then presents an analysis of 131 questionnaires and 132 drawings, collected during the 2014 summer holiday camps of the 'O Século' Foundation. Results are discussed in terms of children's motivations, satisfaction levels and perceived benefits from the social tourism programme.

How the European Union Keeps the Social Welfare Debate on Track: A Lawyer's View of the EU Instruments Aimed at Combating Social Exclusion

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Schoukens
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Charter Of Fundamental Rights ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Treaty Of Amsterdam ◽  
The Eu

The article provides a legal perspective on the current debate on combating social exclusion at the EU level. In the first place, it attempts to provide a legal definition of the concept of social exclusion. It then investigates whether there have been any dramatic changes in the competencies of the EU to act in the field of social exclusion since the Treaty of Amsterdam came into force. The open method of coordination, the Treaty of Nice and the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights are all assessed regarding their potential for combating social exclusion.

scholarly journals Życie bez pracy

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-220
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Tarkowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
First Century ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Meaning Of Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Twenty First Century

The author considers unemployment in Poland in the first years of the twenty-first century as a cause of the growth in poverty and the ensuing social exclusion. These phenomena are connected but not identical. They are also defined differently. In contrast to various conceptions of poverty that seek its causes in the values and behaviors of individuals, the category of social exclusion stresses the social dimension—the impacts of a society that excludes and marginalizes. The author writes about the meaning of work in Polish society and gives examples of unemployed people’s feelings in connection with not having work, drawn from their own writings. She would like to see these viewpoints taken into consideration in sociological research.

scholarly journals Analysis of social models in Central and Eastern Europe - A focus on poverty and social exclusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
Ruxandra Argatu
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Social Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
High Level

Abstract In the present context, defined by a variety of social changes, social advancement is a key point that needs to be sheltered and ensured both in Romania as well as at the level of the European Union, in order to have a coherent European space, to reach and maintain a high level of social and economic welfare. The improvement of the social domain can be triggered by using the principles of the European Social Model, which incorporates values and institutions specially established to protect the integrity of people who are socially disadvantaged. Thus, the paper aims, on one hand, to analyze literature review aspects of the European Social Model as being a social development one and to identify the criteria according to which progress is established in relationship with this model. On the other hand, another goal of the paper is to make a comparative analysis between Romania's performance in the context of Central and Eastern European countries' situation. The purpose of the analysis is to diagnose the progress recorded and the social area in which it took place, as well as the differences between countries. The focus of the analysis will be placed on poverty and social exclusion, as dimensions of the European Social Model. The methodology that will help in undertaking the research comprises two elements: literature review and document analysis. The literature review component involves pinpointing information obtained from scientific articles about the European Social Model and aspects associated with it, available in online databases. The second part of the methodology refers to document analysis, which supposes the assessment of reports issued by organizations that provide such statistical data (Eurostat, World Bank, Social Progress Imperative).

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