Farmers’ Preference of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Varieties Introduced to Improve Plant Productivity in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia

A varietal testing had been undertaken in Pematangsiantar regency, North Sumatra province, Indonesia in 2015-2016. The objective of the study was to determine the preference of cassava growers to the introduced varieties compared to the existing cassava varieties. Twelve cassava varities (UB1/2, UB1472, Adira1, Malang4, Cecekijo, Farsem, Gajah, Ketan Jabung, Caspro, Malaysia, Adira4, and Cikaret) were tested using a Randomized Block Design with four replications. The data were taken on aboveground characters and underground characters such as root number, root diameter, root length, root weight, and starch content based on factory criteria (A = 22%, B = 18%, C = 14% and D = 10% starch content). Results of the study indicated that Malang-4 had the highest root yield (49,830 kg ha-1) followed by Farsem variety (41,690 kg ha-1), and Malaysia Local variety (41,030 kg ha-1). The bitter taste of Malang 4 was an appropriate character to be developed as starch processing of cassava. Starch content is very important indigenous criteria for farmers and traders to know fairly about pricing in relation with starch content. The higher starch content coincided with higher root yield of Malang-4 is very interesting and will benefit the factory. There was no difference in factory price of cassava from farmers, although the starch content indicated different levels (B =18%, C=14% or D =10%). The Malang-4 could be introduced to the local goverment for being grown in a larger areas in the North Sumatera province.

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UJI DAYA HASIL UBIKAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz) VARIETAS UJ5 PADA BERBAGAI UMUR PANEN

VIABEL Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian ◽

10.35457/viabel.v10i1.114 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 63-70

Author(s):

Palupi Puspitorini ◽

Dyah Pitaloka ◽

Tri Kurniastuti

Keyword(s):

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Starch Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Research Direction ◽

Index Number ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tuber Crop ◽

Cassava Varieties

This study aims to find out the results of cassava tuber crop UJ5 variety at different harvest ages. Research direction is that cassava varieties have been planted throughout Indonesia as the best producer of cassava varieties. High levels of starch and high HCN content makes this variety was selected by the factory - tapioca factory in Indonesia. Research design used randomized block design with 7 treatments of harvesting (UP) were repeated 3 times. UP6 (harvesting 6 MAP), UP7 (harvesting 7 MAP), UP8 (harvesting 8 MAP), UP9 (harvesting 9 MAP), UP10 (harvesting 10 MAP), UP11 (harvesting 11 MAP), UP12 ( harvesting 12 MAP). The research variables are the fresh weight of tuber, tuber starch content (%), the weight of biomass, harvest index, number of tubers per plant. The results showed that the best harvesting time is UP9 the results did not differ with UP10, UP11 and UP12

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UJI DAYA HASIL UBIKAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz) VARIETAS UJ5 PADA BERBAGAI UMUR PANEN

VIABEL Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian ◽

10.30957/viabel.v10i1.114 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 63-70

Author(s):

Palupi Puspitorini ◽

Dyah Pitaloka ◽

Tri Kurniastuti

Keyword(s):

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Starch Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Research Direction ◽

Index Number ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tuber Crop ◽

Cassava Varieties

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Nitrogen Application and Leaf Harvesting Improves Yield and Nutritional Quality of Beetroot

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech03599-16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 337-343 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Salfina S. Mampa ◽

Martin M. Maboko ◽

Puffy Soundy ◽

Dharini Sivakumar

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Total Protein Content ◽

Root Weight ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Root Yield ◽

N Application ◽

Leaf Yield ◽

Leaf Harvest

Beetroot (Beta vulgaris), commonly known as table beet, is used as a staple in the diet of many people through the consumption of the entire plant, leaf, and the root. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) application and leaf harvest percentage on the yield and quality of roots and leaves of beetroot. The treatment design was a randomized complete block design with five levels of N (0, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg·ha−1) combined with three leaf harvest percentages (0, 30, and 50) and replicated three times. The first leaf harvest was initiated 35 days after transplanting (DAT) by removing the outer matured leaves and the second harvest occurred 80 DAT by removing all the leaves. The results showed increases in leaf and root yield with an increase in N application. Nitrogen application at 90 and 120 kg·ha−1 increased fresh leaf weight, leaf number, and fresh and dry root weight, including root diameter and length with the exception of leaf area which was significantly higher at 120 kg·ha−1 N. Magnesium and iron leaf content, and N root content were significantly improved by the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N. Leaf harvest percentage did not have a significant effect on leaf yield or leaf and root mineral content. However, dry root weight was significantly reduced by the 50% leaf harvest. Leaf harvest at 30% or 50% increased total protein content of the roots of beetroot, whereas an increase in N application decreased concentration of total proteins. Results demonstrate that leaf and root yield, as well as magnesium, zinc, and iron leaf content, increased with the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N, whereas 30% leaf harvest did not negatively affect root yield.

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Genotype × Environment effects on morphological and productive components of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL.)

Colloquium Agrariae ◽

10.5747/ca.2021.v17.n5.a455 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 7-15

Author(s):

Sindi Elen Senff ◽

Viviane de Fátima Milcheski ◽

Ana Caroline Basniak Konkol ◽

Ana Carolina da Costa Lara Fioreze

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Block Design ◽

Total Yield ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Root Weight ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Yield Data ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Environment Effects ◽

Randomized Block Design

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL.) is a crop with high market demands because of its well-known health benefits. Limited use of improved clones reduces the crop’s income potential. Plant breeding programs seek to selectgenotypes with good results in a variety of environments by evaluating the interaction effects of genotypes and environments. This study aimed to assess Clone × Growing season effects on morphological and productive parameters of sweet potato clones grown in the municipality of Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil, in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. The following clones were evaluated: Brazlândia Rosada, BRS Amélia, Beauregard, BrazlândiaRoxa, and BRS Rubissol. A randomized block design with three replications was used to investigate root length, root diameter, mean root weight, total root number, number of marketable roots, total yield, and marketable yield. Data were subjected to one-way and two-way analysis of variance. Beauregard afforded the largest number of marketable roots and was stable in both growing seasons. Beauregard, Brazlândia Roxa, and Brazlândia Rosada differed in total number of roots between growing seasons. There were no significant differences between growing seasons in mean root weight; BRS Amélia afforded a higher mean root weight than Brazlândia Rosada. Beauregard did not differ in total or marketable yield between growing seasons and provided higher yields than the other clones. BRS Rubissol and Beauregard were found to be the most promising for sweet potato cultivation under the environmental conditions of Curitibanos.

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KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI DAN KIMIAWI BEBERAPA VARIETAS UBI KAYU MANIS ASAL KECAMATAN PALAS, KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN BERDASARKAN UMUR PANEN YANG BERBEDA

JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI ◽

10.19184/j-agt.v14i02.17383 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (02) ◽

pp. 126

Author(s):

Siti Nurdjanah ◽

Susilawati Susilawati ◽

Udin Hasanudin ◽

Ayu Anitasari

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Significant Interaction ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Starch Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Raw Material ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

Significant Interaction Effect ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Starch Yield

Most of cassava grown in Palas, South Lampung District is sweet type cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) utilized as raw materials for cassava-based snack production. However, their characteristic had never been reported. The aims of the research were to determine the effect of varieties, harvesting age, and interaction between varieties and the harvesting age on morphology and chemical characteristics of sweet type cassava planted in Palas District, South Lampung. The experiment was factorial and arranged in a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with two factors and four replications. The first factor was cassava variety, i.e., manalagi (V1), mentega (V2), and krembi (V3). The second factor was the harvest age (U) i.e., 7-8 months (U1) and 8-9 months (U2). Morphology data were reported descriptively, while data for other characteristics were tested for homogeneity and additivity using Barlett and Tuckey test, then subjected to ANOVA, and further tested using Duncan test at the level of 5%. The results showed that the variety and harvest age significantly affected of water content, starch yield, starch content, amylose, and amylopectin. There was a significant interaction between varieties and age of harvest on moisture content, starch yield, and starch content, but there was no significant interaction effect on amylose and amylopectin. The highest value of moisture content was found in manalagi aged at 7-8 months (67.28% wb), the highest value of starch yield was found in manalagi age at 8-9 months of (16.34%), the highest value of starch content was found in mentega aged at 8-9 of months (17.52 % wb), the highest value of amylose was found in mentega aged at 8-9 of month (10.35% db), the highest value of amylopectin was found in krembi aged at 7-8 of month (92.78% db). Overall, krembi, manalagi, and mentega can be categorized as low-amylose cassava which has potential to be developed as raw material for crispy cassava-based snack. Keywords: harvesting age, krembi, low-amylose cassava, manalagi, mentega

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Photosynthetic Activity of Superior Varieties and Local Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Indonesia

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v8n8p194 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 194 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amarullah Amarullah ◽

D. Indradewa ◽

P. Yudono ◽

B. H. Dan Sunarminto

Keyword(s):

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Block Design ◽

Photosynthesis Rate ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

Local Varieties ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Moderate Rate ◽

Rate Of Photosynthesis ◽

Aperture Width ◽

Cassava Varieties

Productivity relates to the ability of photosynthesis. Therefore, the process of photosynthesis is important to promote growth, development and yield. There are many varieties of superior and local cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Indonesia either unknown of their photosynthesis character. The study aims to investigate the characteristics of photosynthesis and influences of physiological parameters associated the activity of photosynthesis in cassava plants. A study was conducted on Inceptisol soils at UGM research at altitude 113 m above mean sea level between January and November 2014. The treatment of single factor is cassava varieties consist of Adira-4, Malang-6, UJ-5, Singgah and Ketan arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Cuttings size ±20 cm are planted upright with a distance of 1 m × 1 m (population of 10,000 plants ha-1). After six months, observation has been done of characters and physiological activities at 10 samples per plots and per varieties. The results showed that there are differences in the density of stomata, stomata aperture width, water content, chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate between varieties of cassava. Singgah varieties have the Ksd highest with medium Lbs and varieties local of Ketan lowest Ksd. The group of superior varieties of cassava have Kkt medium, but varieties of Malang-6 have Kkt slightly higher and the highest rate of photosynthesis. Singgah varieties have lowest leaves Kkt and medium rate of photosynthesis. Local varieties of Ketan have the highest Kkt and lowest rate of photosynthesis. Group cassava superior varieties had higher photosynthesis rate than the local varieties, local varieties Singgah has a moderate rate and higher than Ketan. Stomata density and the concentration of CO2 correlated positively and significantly affect the rate of photosynthesis while transpiration increase conductivity stomatal but negatively correlated to the rate of photosynthesis.

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Effect of Organic Manure and Mulching on the Growth and Yield of Carrot (Daucus carota L.)

Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science ◽

10.9734/ajrcs/2019/v4i330072 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Bithi Rani Biswas ◽

Khaleda Khatun ◽

Md. Ehsanul Haq ◽

Jinia Afsun ◽

Md. Nahidul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Root Length ◽

Block Design ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Organic Manure ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Root Weight ◽

Root Yield ◽

Net Return ◽

Four Levels

An experiment on effect of organic manure & mulching on the growth and yield of carrot was conducted at the farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2017 to February 2018. The research consisted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications under a factorial arrangement (of two factors), with Four levels of organic manure, as the factor A and four mulches such as factor B. Organic manure and mulching influenced significantly (p=0.05) all the studied variables. In case of organic manure the maximum plant height (44.55 cm) root length (14.73 cm), root diameter (4.11 cm), root weight (124.50 g), root yield (24.90 t/ha) and marketable root yield (23.85 ton/ha) were recorded from O2 (Vermicompost) treatment. In case of mulches, maximum plant height (44.81 cm), root length (15.20 cm), root diameter (3.91 cm), root weight (117.85 g), root yield (23.57 t/ha) and marketable root yield (21.95 t/ha) found in M2 (Black polythene) treatment. And the combined effect of the highest root yield (29.06 t/ha) was obtained from O2M2 (Vermicompost + black polythene) and lowest (13.20 t/ha) from O0M0 (control). So, it can be concluded that 10 ton/ha vermicompost with black polythene mulch was the best for carrot cultivation. The highest gross return (Tk. 563200), net return (Tk. 446355) and BCR (4.82) were obtained from the treatment combination from O2M2 where the lowest gross return (Tk. 207800), net return (Tk.112755) were obtained from O0M0 and lowest BCR (1.67) from O1M0.

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Influence of harvest time and cultivation sites on the productivity and quality of sweet potato

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-05362014000100004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 21-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Alcinei M Azevedo ◽

Valter C Andrade Júnior ◽

Daniel JS Viana ◽

Ahmed YAM Elsayed ◽

Carlos E Pedrosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Starch Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Root Production ◽

Optimal Time ◽

Root Weight ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

The Mean

Sweet potato is one of the most cultivated tuberous roots in tropical and subtropical regions permitting several ways of use. Despite its potential use, sweet potato has been little studied. We evaluated the performance of sweet potato roots, forage productivity and its silage at different harvesting times and cultivation environments and we identified the most superior clones under different soil and climatic conditions. Six sweet potato clones (BD-38, BD-45, BD-25, BD-31TO, BD-15 and BD-08) belonging to germplasm bank of UFVJM in addition to two standard cultivars Brazlândia Rosada and Princesa were grown in two cultivation sites (JK campus and Forquilha farm). The trial was conducted in split plots in randomized block design with three harvest times (120, 150 and 180 days after planting). The mean root weight obtained from Forquilha farm was on average 30.2% higher than those obtained from JK campus. Regardless the site, harvesting at 150 days after planting was the optimal time for maximizing root production. The irregularity of root shape increased when the harvesting date was postpone, probably due to greater exposure to environmental factors. Crude protein, fibers, ash and starch, were not affected by local x cultivar interaction except for starch content that depended on the clone and site interaction.

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Evaluation of improved cassava genotypes for yield and related traits for a better breeding strategy under different agroecologies in Nigeria

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/s10681-021-02798-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 217 (4) ◽

Author(s):

N. A. Adetoro ◽

O. O. Oworu ◽

A. L. Nassir ◽

A. Bello ◽

E. Parkes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Pasting Properties ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Root Weight ◽

Root Yield ◽

Root Characteristics ◽

Stay Green ◽

Fresh Root

AbstractThis study aimed at determining shoot and root characteristics of cassava as affected by root yield and the influence of soil moisture on vegetative growth and yield. Thirty cassava genotypes were evaluated for morphological and physiological characterization in three locations in Nigeria: Ibadan, Mokwa and Zaria. Randomized complete block design was used with four replicates. Studies on the pasting properties of the genotypes were also carried out. Data were collected on plant height, stem girth, stay-green ability, garri and fresh root weight. Genotypes differed significantly (P < 0.05) across and within locations for shoot and root characteristics. Across locations, genotype 011663 had the highest plant height (132.4 cm); 30572 had the largest stem girth (8.6 cm); and 010040 was the best stay-green (2.2). Genotype 011086 had the highest number of roots per plot (95.7), 950289 had the highest fresh root yield (24.3 t/ha), and 990554 had the highest percentage of dry matter (35.2). Trends in root yields across locations were Ibadan (28.9 t/ha), Mokwa (20.3 t/ha), and Zaria (8 t/ha). Five genotypes IITA-TMS-IBA950289, 010034, 990554, 011807, and 980581 had negligible interactions with the environment and so have broad adaptation and are considered stable; and two clones 011807 and 950166 were found to be the best for pasting properties. Breeding strategies that consider root size, total root number, harvest index, dry matter, with applications for household foods and industrial uses, will be an effective and efficient way to select genotypes for high yield.

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GGE Biplot projection in discriminating the efficiency of popcorn lines to use nitrogen

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/1413-70542017411030816 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 22-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Adriano dos Santos ◽

Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior ◽

Railan do Nascimento Ferreira Kurosawa ◽

Ismael Fernando Schegoscheski Gerhardt ◽

Roberto Fritsche Neto

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Availability ◽

Block Design ◽

Germplasm Collection ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Gge Biplot ◽

State University ◽

Information Ratio ◽

The North ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Main Components

ABSTRACT Nitrogen is essential for sustaining life on the planet, and it is the most important nutrient for obtaining high agricultural production. However, their use leads to the release of nitrous oxide with a global warming potential 296 times higher than the CO2 molecule, making it a challenge to reduce their use in agriculture. The objective of this research was to identify efficient popcorn inbred lines and responsive nitrogen use and exhibit a good expansion volume. For this, 29 inbred lines from the Germplasm Collection of Darcy Ribeiro North Fluminense State University (UENF) were evaluated at two contrasting levels of nitrogen availability (low and ideal) at two representative locations in the north and northwest of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates. These inbred lines were discriminated against efficient use of nitrogen by multivariate GGE Biplot. Selective accuracy was close to 1, showing that the genotypes were enough to provide contrasting success in selection procedures. The first two main components (PC) retained 93.82% of the total variation, and PC1 furnished an information ratio (IR) that was unaffected by noise. L77 was the most unstable line, while P7, P2, P6, P3, P5, P4, P9, P10, P8, P9, L70, L74, and L55 were efficient and responsive. The GGE biplot method is recommended for the reliable identification of popcorn lines that are efficient and responsive to the use of nitrogen.

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