scholarly journals Inherited Ventricular Arrhythmias, the Channelopathies and SCD; Current Knowledge and Future Speculation – Epidemiology and Basic Electrophysiology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdulrhman Al Abdulgader
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
New Era ◽  
Cardiac Ion Channels ◽  
Scientific Exploration ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Near Future

This chapter represents advanced scientific exploration in the different disciplines of SCD and channelopathy. Epidemiology of SCD and channelopathy is given special attention. The essence of detailed electrophysiological bases of the different diseases of channelopathies and the diverse cellular pathways mandated detailed discussion that can open the closed doors that we faced to the next generation(s). Special sections have been devoted to spatial as well as temporal heterogeneity of the cardiac action potential. Genetic heterogeneity and allelic heterogeneity are two prominent findings of channelopathies that confirm the fact of the major overlap in the field. The way we present the clinical findings is a true call for the next generation(s) of clinicians and researchers to revolutionize the field in the near future. Detailed management plans based on the up to date basic sciences findings for the different channelopathies give better therapeutic options for the clinicians in the field. Unique to this chapter is the new directions to look for channelopathies beyond the human body. The new understanding of the psychophysiological well-being of HRV and the sympathovagal balance extending to cosmic resonances and its possible effect on cardiac ion channels carries new era of promising preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic options.

scholarly journals Inherited Ventricular Arrhythmias, the Channelopathies and SCD: Current Knowledge and Future Speculations - Risk Stratification, Management Plans and Future Speculations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdulrhman Al Abdulgader
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
New Era ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Clinical Detection ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Channelopathy constitutes significant proportion of SCD worldwide (around 10% or 370,000 deaths annually). It was creating a mysterious group of diseases until the second half of the last century when Anton Jervell and Fred Lange-Nielsen described Jervell Lange-Nielsen syndrome in 1957. It was late until 1995 where genetic characterization commenced. Later on, the massive genetic information with the discovery of genetic heterogeneity and allelic het¬erogeneity was a major victory in the field. The basic sciences in cellular electrophysiology and genetics complemented by meticulous clinical detection and the different clinical trials in the field opened a new era of wide therapeutic choices for clinicians. The knowledge obtained from the different experimental platforms especially the induced pluripotent stem cells is promising. The revolutionary move in SCD and channelopathies is described where correlation between the arrhythmogenesis and fluctuation in SGMA is established and must be investigated. The observation of the arrhythmogenicity of SGMA fluctuation and its effect on HRV together with the differential effect of certain sympathovagal tones (more sympathetic innervation is favoring VT/VF in LQTS1, LQTS2 and SQTS but not BrS or ERS) are all future directions to optimize our preventive, diagnostic as well as therapeutic options of SCD and channelopathy in humans.

scholarly journals Edible Mushrooms as Functional Ingredients for Development of Healthier and More Sustainable Muscle Foods: A Flexitarian Approach

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2463
Author(s):  
Arun K. Das ◽  
Pramod K. Nanda ◽  
Premanshu Dandapat ◽  
Samiran Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Patricia Gullón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Functional Ingredients ◽  
Muscle Foods ◽  
Bioactive Ingredients ◽  
Reduced Salt

Consumers are increasingly interested in nutritious, safe and healthy muscle food products with reduced salt and fat that benefit their well-being. Hence, food processors are constantly in search of natural bioactive ingredients that offer health benefits beyond their nutritive values without affecting the quality of the products. Mushrooms are considered as next-generation healthy food components. Owing to their low content of fat, high-quality proteins, dietary fibre and the presence of nutraceuticals, they are ideally preferred in formulation of low-caloric functional foods. There is a growing trend to fortify muscle food with edible mushrooms to harness their goodness in terms of nutritive, bioactive and therapeutic values. The incorporation of mushrooms in muscle foods assumes significance, as it is favourably accepted by consumers because of its fibrous structure that mimics the texture with meat analogues offering unique taste and umami flavour. This review outlines the current knowledge in the literature about the nutritional richness, functional bioactive compounds and medicinal values of mushrooms offering various health benefits. Furthermore, the effects of functional ingredients of mushrooms in improving the quality and sensory attributes of nutritionally superior and next-generation healthier muscle food products are also highlighted in this paper.

Prospective Memory Development Across the Lifespan

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Zuber ◽  
Matthias Kliegel
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Integrative Framework

Abstract. Prospective Memory (PM; i.e., the ability to remember to perform planned tasks) represents a key proxy of healthy aging, as it relates to older adults’ everyday functioning, autonomy, and personal well-being. The current review illustrates how PM performance develops across the lifespan and how multiple cognitive and non-cognitive factors influence this trajectory. Further, a new, integrative framework is presented, detailing how those processes interplay in retrieving and executing delayed intentions. Specifically, while most previous models have focused on memory processes, the present model focuses on the role of executive functioning in PM and its development across the lifespan. Finally, a practical outlook is presented, suggesting how the current knowledge can be applied in geriatrics and geropsychology to promote healthy aging by maintaining prospective abilities in the elderly.

X-Ray Free Electron Laser Facility for Next Generation of Scientific Exploration and Discovery

2011 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Etsuo FUJIWARA ◽  
Eiichi ANAYAMA ◽  
Yuichiro KATSUTA ◽  
Toshiki IZUTANI ◽  
Daichi OKUHARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scientific Exploration ◽  
Laser Facility

Paleontology and stratigraphy of Middle Eocene rock units in the southern Green River and Uinta Basins, Wyoming and Utah

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Murphey ◽  
K.E. Townsend ◽  
Anthony Friscia ◽  
James Westgate ◽  
Emmett Evanoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Green River Basin ◽  
Green River ◽  
Scientific Exploration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Climatic History ◽  
Field Excursion ◽  
Land Mammal ◽  
Bridger Formation

The Bridger Formation is restricted to the Green River Basin in southwest Wyoming, and the Uinta and Duchesne River Formations are located in the Uinta Basin in Utah. These three rock units and their diverse fossil assemblages are of great scientific importance and historic interest to vertebrate paleontologists. Notably, they are also the stratotypes from oldest to youngest for the three middle Eocene North American Land Mammal Ages—the Bridgerian, Uintan, and Duchesnean. The fossils and sediments of these formations provide a critically important record of biotic, environmental, and climatic history spanning approximately 10 million years (49 to 39 Ma). This article provides a detailed field excursion through portions of the Green River and Uinta Basins that focuses on locations of geologic, paleontologic, and historical interest. In support of the field excursion, we also provide a review of current knowledge of these formations with emphasis on lithostratigraphy, biochronology, depositional, and paleoenvironmental history, and the history of scientific exploration.

scholarly journals COVID-19: a review of current knowledge regarding exposure, quarantine, isolation and other preventive measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 204993612110320
Author(s):  
Robert Rosolanka ◽  
Andres F. Henao-Martinez ◽  
Larissa Pisney ◽  
Carlos Franco-Paredes ◽  
Martin Krsak
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Exposure Control ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Vaccination Strategies ◽  
Speed Up

Deeper understanding of the spread, morbidity, fatality, and development of immune response associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is necessary in order to establish an appropriate epidemiological and clinical response. Exposure control represents a key part of the combat against COVID-19, as the effectiveness of current therapeutic options remains partial. Since the preventive measures have not been sufficiently able to slow down this pandemic, in this article we explore some of the pertinent knowledge gaps, while overall looking to effective vaccination strategies as a way out. Early on, such strategies may need to rely on counting the convalescents as protected in order to speed up the immunization of the whole population.

scholarly journals Current and future neutrino oscillation constraints on leptonic unitarity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian A. R. Ellis ◽  
Kevin J. Kelly ◽  
Shirley Weishi Li
Keyword(s):  
Precise Measurement ◽  
Sterile Neutrino ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Neutrino Masses ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Neutrino Mixing ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Active Neutrino ◽  
Mixing Matrix

Abstract The unitarity of the lepton mixing matrix is a critical assumption underlying the standard neutrino-mixing paradigm. However, many models seeking to explain the as-yet-unknown origin of neutrino masses predict deviations from unitarity in the mixing of the active neutrino states. Motivated by the prospect that future experiments may provide a precise measurement of the lepton mixing matrix, we revisit current constraints on unitarity violation from oscillation measurements and project how next-generation experiments will improve our current knowledge. With the next-generation data, the normalizations of all rows and columns of the lepton mixing matrix will be constrained to ≲10% precision, with the e-row best measured at ≲1% and the τ-row worst measured at ∼10% precision. The measurements of the mixing matrix elements themselves will be improved on average by a factor of 3. We highlight the complementarity of DUNE, T2HK, JUNO, and IceCube Upgrade for these improvements, as well as the importance of ντ appearance measurements and sterile neutrino searches for tests of leptonic unitarity.

scholarly journals Functional syndromes and symptom-orientated aftercare after esophagectomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristjan Ukegjini ◽  
Diana Vetter ◽  
Rebecca Fehr ◽  
Valerian Dirr ◽  
Christoph Gubler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Interdisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Function ◽  
Postoperative Changes ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Esophagectomy For Cancer

Abstract Background Surgery is the cornerstone of esophageal cancer treatment but remains burdened with significant postoperative changes of gastrointestinal function and quality of life. Purpose The aim of this narrative review is to assess and summarize the current knowledge on postoperative functional syndromes and quality of life after esophagectomy for cancer, and to provide orientation for the reader in the challenging field of functional aftercare. Conclusions Post-esophagectomy syndromes include various conditions such as dysphagia, reflux, delayed gastric emptying, dumping syndrome, weight loss, and chronic diarrhea. Clinical pictures and individual expressions are highly variable and may be extremely distressing for those affected. Therefore, in addition to a mostly well-coordinated oncological follow-up, we strongly emphasize the need for regular monitoring of physical well-being and gastrointestinal function. The prerequisite for an effective functional aftercare covering the whole spectrum of postoperative syndromes is a comprehensive knowledge of the pathophysiological background. As functional conditions often require a complex diagnostic workup and long-term therapy, close interdisciplinary cooperation with radiologists, gastroenterologists, oncologists, and specialized nutritional counseling is imperative for successful management.

scholarly journals Sexual health and COVID-19: protocol for a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navin Kumar ◽  
Kamila Janmohamed ◽  
Kate Nyhan ◽  
Laura Forastiere ◽  
Wei-Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Scoping Reviews

Abstract Background Global responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have exposed and exacerbated existing socioeconomic and health inequities that disproportionately affect the sexual health and well-being of many populations, including people of color, ethnic minority groups, women, and sexual and gender minority populations. Although there have been several reviews published on COVID-19 and health disparities across various populations, none has focused on sexual health. We plan to conduct a scoping review that seeks to fill several of the gaps in the current knowledge of sexual health in the COVID-19 era. Methods A scoping review focusing on sexual health and COVID-19 will be conducted. We will search (from January 2020 onwards) CINAHL, Africa-Wide Information, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, Gender Studies Database, Gender Watch, Global Health, WHO Global Literature on Coronavirus Disease Database, WHO Global Index Medicus, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Sociological Abstracts. Grey literature will be identified using Disaster Lit, Google Scholar, governmental websites, and clinical trials registries (e.g., ClinicalTrial.gov, World Health Organization, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Registry). Study selection will conform to the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual 2015 Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews. Only English language, original studies will be considered for inclusion. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data. A narrative summary of findings will be conducted. Data analysis will involve quantitative (e.g., frequencies) and qualitative (e.g., content and thematic analysis) methods. Discussion Original research is urgently needed to mitigate the risks of COVID-19 on sexual health. The planned scoping review will help to address this gap. Systematic review registrations Systematic Review Registration: Open Science Framework osf/io/PRX8E

scholarly journals Today Prospects for Tissue Engineering Therapeutic Approach in Dentistry

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Bossù ◽  
Andrea Pacifici ◽  
Daniele Carbone ◽  
Gianluca Tenore ◽  
Gaetano Ierardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Protocols ◽  
Near Future

In dental practice there is an increasing need for predictable therapeutic protocols able to regenerate tissues that, due to inflammatory or traumatic events, may suffer from loss of their function. One of the topics arising major interest in the research applied to regenerative medicine is represented by tissue engineering and, in particular, by stem cells. The study of stem cells in dentistry over the years has shown an exponential increase in literature. Adult mesenchymal stem cells have recently been isolated and characterized from tooth-related tissues and they might represent, in the near future, a new gold standard in the regeneration of all oral tissues. The aim of our review is to provide an overview on the topic reporting the current knowledge for each class of dental stem cells and to identify their potential clinical applications as therapeutic tool in various branches of dentistry.

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