scholarly journals Incrimination of Dog Vector of Cystic Echinococcosis and Impact of the Appropriate Dogs’ Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Ezzahra Amarir ◽  
Abdelmohcine Aimrane ◽  
Abdelkbir Rhalem
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
The Impact

Dogs are involved in the transmission of several parasitic zoonosis. Among these, hydatidosis is very endemic in many countries of the world. Dog populations are very variable from one region to another, which increases the infestation risks across human populations especially in the developing countries such as in Morocco. Moreover, the risk of exposure is higher in dogs with access to rural slaughterhouses than in owned dogs. As for preventive measures, this calls for effective implementation of the appropriate dogs’ treatment against hydatidosis. Thus, the following chapter updates the most relevant information on the impact of hydatidosis upon human populations and livestock animals, as to stretch understanding on the vector contribution of dogs.

Exploring the World Trade Organisation's Trade and Environment/Public Health Jurisprudence as a Model for Incorporating a Trade–Labour Linkage into the Organisation's Multilateral Trade Regime: Should African Countries Accept a Policy Shift?

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Tapiwa V. Warikandwa ◽  
Patrick C. Osode
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Trade Regime ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
The World ◽  
Labour Standards ◽  
The Impact

The incorporation of a trade-labour (standards) linkage into the multilateral trade regime of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been persistently opposed by developing countries, including those in Africa, on the grounds that it has the potential to weaken their competitive advantage. For that reason, low levels of compliance with core labour standards have been viewed as acceptable by African countries. However, with the impact of WTO agreements growing increasingly broader and deeper for the weaker and vulnerable economies of developing countries, the jurisprudence developed by the WTO Panels and Appellate Body regarding a trade-environment/public health linkage has the potential to address the concerns of developing countries regarding the potential negative effects of a trade-labour linkage. This article argues that the pertinent WTO Panel and Appellate Body decisions could advance the prospects of establishing a linkage of global trade participation to labour standards without any harm befalling developing countries.

Impact of trade facilitation reforms on tax revenue

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sena Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Trade Facilitation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the empirical literature of the macroeconomic effect of trade facilitation reforms by examining the impact of the latter on tax revenue in both developed and developing countries. The relevance of the topic lies on the fact that at the Bali Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2013, Trade Ministers agreed for the first time since the creation of the WTO (in 1995) on an Agreement to facilitate trade around the world, dubbed Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA). The study considers both at-the-border and behind-the border measures of Trade Facilitation. Design/methodology/approach To conduct this study, the authors rely on the literature related to the structural factors that explain tax revenue mobilization. The authors mainly use within fixed effects estimator. The analysis relies on 102 countries (of which 23 industrial countries) over the period 2004-2007 (based on data availability). A focus has also been made on African countries, within the sample of developing countries. Findings The empirical analysis suggests evidence of a positive and significant effect of trade facilitation reforms on non-resources tax revenue, irrespective of the sample of countries considered in the analysis. Research limitations/implications This finding should contribute to dampening the fear of policymakers in developing countries, including Africa that the implementation of the TFA would entail higher costs, without necessarily being associated with higher benefits. An avenue for future research would be to extend the period of the study when data would be available. Originality/value To the best of the authors knowledge, this study had not been performed in the literature of the determinants of tax revenue mobilization, although fact-based analysis was performed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Lack of Clean Cooking Fuels on Sustainable Development in Developing Countries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeoluwa Garba ◽  
Richard Bellingham
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The World ◽  
Cooking Fuels ◽  
The Impact

Access to energy is crucial in tackling many of the current global development challenges that impact on people’s economic, health and social well-being as well as the ability to meet the commitments of reducing carbon emissions through clean energy use. Despite increased attention from multiple governments and agencies, energy poverty remains a serious sustainable development issue in many developing countries. To date, most research have focused on general access to electricity and the generation of clean energy to replace fossil fuels, failing to address the lack of basic access to clean energy for cooking and heating. More people in the world lack access to clean cooking fuels than to electricity. This issue is one aspect of a broader research which investigates the impacts of optimized energy policy and energy business models on sustainable development in developing countries.

scholarly journals Managed infrastructure and services to empower meteorological services in developing countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Smith
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Life Cycle Management ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Observation Systems ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

<p>Often in developing countries the spatial coverage with surface weather observations is sparse and the reliability of existing systems is lower than in other parts of the world. These gaps in the availability of observation data have significant negative consequences, locally and globally. For decades international funds have been used to acquire meteorological infrastructure with little to no focus on life-cycle management. Furthermore, improvements in one part of the value chain are often not connected with further downstream services meaning local benefits are generated with substantial delay, if at all.</p><p>DTN is one of the few organizations offering comprehensive solutions across the value chain from deployment and operation of observation systems through to weather analytics creating valuable insights for business, consumers and governments across the globe. DTN not only project manages the setup of weather observation systems but also maintains and operates measurement networks on different continents. The sensor agnostic approach enables us to offer the right sensor solution for each situation.</p><p>We see an opportunity to correct the mistakes of the past, changing the focus from acquiring observation systems to life cycle management to ensure the systems are maintained and leveraged effectively to provide forecasts and warnings for protection of life and property and enabling NMSs to focus on fulfilling their mission.</p><p>Funding organizations such as the World Bank must change the focus from hardware procurement to a performance-based PPE/P model that ensures the value of investments in infrastructure are realized. This sustainable approach will; ensure long lasting partnerships, harness the innovation in the private sector, create local jobs maintaining infrastructure and enable economic development through improved ability to manage the impact of weather and climate events.</p>

scholarly journals HORIZONS OF RESEARCH IN GEOGRAPHY OF THE WORLD ECONOMY

HERALD ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Alexandrovich Kolosov ◽  
Elena Alexandrovna Grechko ◽  
Xenia Vladimirovna Mironenko ◽  
Elena Nikolayevna Samburova ◽  
Nikolay Alexandrovich Sluka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Modern World ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The advent of "world economic transition" and the formation of a multipolar world is closely linked, according to experts, with loss of globalization advances, which strengthens regionalism, increases diversification and fragmentation of the modern world, creating risks and threats to the world development. In this light studying the spatial organization of the global economy becomes more important, and at the same time that complicates the choice of priorities in the research activities of the Department of geography of the world economy, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State Lomonosov University in 2016-20, requiring a new research “ideology”. The article summarizes some ideas expressed by the department staff. It specifies that concept of territorial division of labor, as well as the defined set of key actors in the world economy and common assumptions regarding their contributions to its development needs a significant revision. The above firstly concerns giant developing countries, in particular rapidly growing China – a kind of locomotive entraining other developing states. Further, the impact of multinationals on the overall architecture and the territorial organization of the global economy becomes more and more tangible. This phenomenon requires the creation of a new scientific area of concern – the corporate geography as a tool to thoroughly investigate the transnational division of labor. Changes in the balance of acting forces are closely related to changes in industry composition and spatial organization of the global economy. The article raises the issues of development of such processes as tertiarization of the economy, reindustrialization and neoindustrialization, the latter being understood as an evolutionary transition to a knowledge-intensive, high-tech, mass labor-replacing and environmentally efficient industrial production. Basing on preliminary research from the standpoint of a relatively new methodological approach – formation of value chains – the vector of "geographical transition" " in their creation from developed to developing countries was designated. This means increasing complexity of the territorial structure of the world economy and an increase in the importance of semi-periphery. A spatial projection of globalization processes in the form of emerging “archipelago of cities”, which consolidates the international network of TNCs as the supporting node frame of the global economy requires close attention and analysis. The need of comprehending the study scope in the field of geography of the world economy in medium Atlas Information Systems (AIS), which in terms of functionality belong to the upper class of electronic atlases, is noted.

ANALYSIS AND PROSPECTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION REGIME IN THE WORLD ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Shokhrukh B. Akhmedov ◽  
◽  
Vladimir M. Kutovoi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Sources ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
The Impact

The article assesses a significance of the most important component of the agreement on accession to the WTO, namely the agreement on trade-related investment measures (TRIMs), in increasing the attractiveness of developing countries to investors from abroad. In addition, traditional determinants of FDI placement, such as the macroeconomic stability, trade openness, and economic development, are considered. The authors carry out an analysis in the field of regulation of TRIMs by the example of economic policies in developing countries. The study shows that the extent to which TRIMs contributed to achieving the goals varied significantly, reflecting the specific economic and political conditions of the country using them. In some cases, they played a role in encouraging foreign companies to make more use of local sources or increase their exports from the host country. In other cases, the impact seemingly was negligible.

Are Current Models for Preventive Programs Sufficient for the Needs of Tomorrow?

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.H. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Small Measure ◽  
Ambient Levels

We can be proud of our accomplishment in the prevention of dental caries. Many children in developed countries are now caries-free; however, by age 50, fewer than 5% of the population is caries-free. The drop in the prevalence of caries among specific age groups is undoubtedly due to widespread exposure to fluorides. However, caries protection by fluorides is not absolute; if caries attack continues throughout life, the prevalence of caries will increase. All available evidence strongly suggests that ambient levels of fluoride in the mouth play a critical role in protection against caries. It is clear that novel methods of delivery, such as sustained-release technology, will be developed to enhance the protective effect of fluoride, utilizing amounts of fluoride significantly less than those currently in use. The problems of preventing dental caries in developing countries are much more severe than those facing Western countries. The prevalence of caries appears to be increasing in no small measure due to the introduction of Western diets. Administration of fluoride through conventional routes is either impractical or inordinately expensive. It appears sensible, therefore, to direct preventive measures through dietary constituents associated with caries. Fluoridation of sugars appears to be a highly practical and safe way to reduce the prevalence of caries in such communities. Fluoride and iodide are currently added to salt in many parts of the world. If we are to reduce the prevalence of caries effectively in all countries and in all age groups, current methods of prevention will have to be greatly enhanced, and/or effective additional approaches will need to be developed.

scholarly journals FOOD SECURITY AND AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN UZBEKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.I Khamidov
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Since January 2020, the world faced one of the largest outbreaks of human history that coronavirus (Covid-19) began spreading among countries across the globe. Plenty of research institutes developed insights and estimations regarding the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on agriculture and food security system. The UN estimations indicate that more than 132 million people around the world may have hunger due to the economic recession as a result of the pandemic. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is pushing forward the strategies in order for increasing food supply in developing countries and providing assistance to food producers and suppliers. World Health Organization (WHO) indicated that the pandemic may not finish by the end of 2020 and countries should be prepared for longer effects within 2021. In this regard, ensuring food security as well as sufficient food supply would be one of the crucial aspects of policy functions in developing countries.

scholarly journals CULTURE BASED TOURISM STUDY IN NEW NORMAL ERA IN BADUNG DISTRICT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fera Belinda
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
New Normal ◽  
New Era ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Normal Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
The Impact

The tourism sector in Indonesia is rapidly declining due to the impact of the co-19 pandemic that occurred in various parts of the world, including in Indonesia. Entering a new era of normalcy, or a new normality of what is the condition of tourism in Indonesia, is it able to rise again and what is the strategy? Bali Province, can be said to be the epicenter of tourism in Indonesia. In this article discusses case studies in Badung Regency, related to culture-based tourism with qualitative research methods to analyze the data collected. The theory used is the theory of marketing communication, and also the theory of culture and local wisdom, for the results of the achievement are the level and interest of culture-based tourism in the new normal period, how health protocols are still applied to ensure the safety of visitors so they are not at risk of exposure to covid-19 but they can still communicate between one visitor with another visitor.

scholarly journals The legal impact of the Corona pandemic on the deadlines for submitting commercial papers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Hardi Tofiq Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Force Majeure ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

The Corona pandemic that the world is experiencing is one of the most prominent global disasters today, and has become the subject of great interest from all countries of the world, especially since its effects were not limited to the health aspect only, but extended to the economic, legal, political and social aspect in the lives of individuals, which has resulted in countries entering into conflict with this pandemic by taking a set of preventive measures to combat its spread, and perhaps the most important of these decisions was the imposition of home quarantine on citizens and forcing social distance, in addition to terminating many commercial activities, , which leads to make the implementation of commitments almost impossible.  This research aims at determining the legal nature of the Corona pandemic, and whether it can be considered as a force majeure, or is it just an emergency? What is the impact of this pandemic on the deadline for submitting commercial papers for acceptance and fulfillment? Is the legal holder of the commercial transfer, who was not able to submit it for acceptance and fulfillment within the deadlines, considered a negligent holder? Or force majeure can apply here?

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