scholarly journals A Study on Medically Inclined Apparently Healthy Individuals Acquiring Urinary Tract Infections in North-Central, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel David Otobo
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Medical College Campus ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) simply the symptomatic or asymptomatic colonization of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder or/and the urethra by microorganisms, commonly bacteria. When these infections affect the kidneys, it is known as pyelonephritis. Objectives: To calculate the percentile risk of medically inclined apparently healthy individuals acquiring urinary tract infection. Methods: Written consent was sought on every questionnaire. It was carried out within the period of August to November, 2018. The study was done with over 160 persons; 154 questionnaires were accepted as properly filled. The questionnaires were gender specific. Persons cut across doctors, nurses, laboratory scientists, nursing students and medical students. The sampling study used was single blinded method. Areas studied were Plateau state (Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau Specialist Hospital and school of Midwifery; Vom), Abuja (University of Abuja Medical College Campus) and Nasarawa state (Bingham University). Data was collected, tabulated and classified into mild, moderate and high risks. (males, N = 71 with an age range of 19 - 45 years; females, N = 83 with an age range of 19 - 44 years). Results: Assessment criteria male/female low risk 42 (59.2%)/10 (12.0%), moderate risk 23 (32.4%)/29 (34.9%) and high risk 6 (08.5%)/44 (53.0%). Conclusions: Hygiene is a crucial factor in predisposition to UTI. Women are at higher risk of acquiring urinary tract infections. Sickle cell may be a predisposing factor to pyelonephritis.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance among Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infections Attending Antenatal Clinic at Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital (LMUTH), Lusaka, Zambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kekelwa Inyambo Yeta ◽  
Charles Michelo ◽  
Choolwe Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction. Globally, there is a growing concern over antimicrobial resistance (AMR) which is currently estimated to account for more than 700,000 deaths per year worldwide. AMR undermines the management of infectious diseases in general especially in pregnancy where significant bacteriuria continues to be a serious cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. We therefore aimed to determine the prevalence of AMR and the associated factors among pregnant women with urinary tract infections (UTIs) attending antenatal clinic at a selected hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Methods. This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study conducted between November 2018 and May 2019. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to assess the sociodemographic characteristics and behavioural characteristics. Laboratory tests were also conducted. Descriptive statistics of study participants were used to describe the characteristics of the respondents. Chi-square was used to assess the association between categorical variables. The logistic regression analysis was carried out to generate the adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Results. Overall (n = 203), the prevalence of UTI was 60% (95% CI: 53.3%–66.7%). The most isolated bacteria were E. coli (59%) and Klebsiella (21%). The prevalence of AMR was found to be 53% (95% CI: 46.1%–59.8%). The drugs highly resistant to antimicrobials were nalidixic acid (88.3%), ampicillin (77.8%), and norfloxacin (58.5%), while the least resistant drug was chloramphenicol (20%). There were no important significant predictors to AMR among pregnant women observed in this study. Conclusion. We found high burden of AMR closely linked to observe high prevalence of UTI suggested in this small population. This suggests a need to develop integrated surveillance systems that aim for early and regular screening of pregnant women for UTI as well as concurrent determination of antibiotic susceptibility patterns. This is important to prevent complications that may endanger maternal and fetal health outcomes. Furthermore, further research is needed to explore reasons for this high prevalence of AMR including examining possible attribution to the misuse of drugs so as to inform, enforce, or adjust the prescription-only policies and enforce antimicrobial stewardship programs.

scholarly journals Isolation, characterization, and molecular identification of Candida species from urinary tract infections

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Gharanfoli ◽  
Elaheh Mahmoudi ◽  
Roya Torabizadeh ◽  
Roya Torabizadeh ◽  
Farzad Katiraii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Tract Infections

Short communication Background and Purpose: Candida species are reportedly the most common human fungal pathogens. The incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Candida pathogens has increased in recent decades. However, such infections rarely occur in the absence of any predisposing factors. Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to identify the Candida species causing UTIs and determine the predisposing factors for candiduria. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted on 1,450 urine samples obtained from patients suspected of UTI. Out of this number, 19 cases were candidiasis, and 2 cases were mixed infections caused by bacteria and fungi. Candida species were diagnosed differentially using the germ tube test, colony staining on CHROMagar medium, intracellular beta-glucosidase enzyme activity, and glucose absorption pattern. Then, the colonies with the same morphology were confirmed by the DNA sequencing of internal transcribed spacer regions. Results: According to the results, 38%, 28.6%, 14.3%, and 9.5% of the isolates were identified as C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, and C. kefir/C. krusei, respectively. The presence of one or more predisposing factors was proved in all patients in whom diabetes was the most prevalent predisposing factor (21.1%). Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, C. albicans species was the most prevalent fungal species. In addition, urinary fungal infections were less prevalent than bacterial urinary infections.

scholarly journals High multidrug resistance in urinary tract infections in a tertiary hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
S. Shakya ◽  
J. Edwards ◽  
H. A. Gupte ◽  
S. Shrestha ◽  
B. M. Shakya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tract Infections

SETTING: Tribhuvan University Teaching Tertiary Care Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal, May–October 2019.OBJECTIVE: 1) To describe the bacteriological profile, 2) to identify the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pattern, and 3) to find the demographic characteristics associated with the presence of bacterial growth and multidrug resistance (MDR) in adult urine samples undergoing culture and drug susceptibility testing.DESIGN: This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study using routine laboratory records.RESULTS: Among 11,776 urine samples, 16% (1,865/11,776) were culture-positive, predominantly caused by Escherichia coli (1,159/1,865; 62%). We found a high prevalence of resistance to at least one antibiotic (1,573/1,865; 84%) and MDR (1,000/1,865; 54%). Resistance to commonly used antibiotics for urinary tract infections (UTIs) such as ceftazidime, levofloxacin, cefepime and ampicillin was high. Patients aged 60 years (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 1.6, 95% CI 1.4–1.7) were more likely to have culture positivity. Patients with age 45 years (45–59 years: aPR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3–1.7; 60 years: aPR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2–1.6), male sex (aPR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2–1.5) and from inpatient settings (aPR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2–1.7) had significantly higher prevalence of MDR.CONCLUSION: Urine samples from a tertiary hospital showed high prevalence of E. coli and MDR to routinely used antibiotics, especially among inpatients. Regular surveillance and application of updated antibiograms are crucial to monitor the AMR situation in Nepal.

scholarly journals Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswi Program Studi Diploma Tiga Keperawatan Tingkat I di STIKes Panti Rapih tentang Upaya Pencegahan Infeksi Saluran Kemih

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Ayunita Yunda Prastiwi ◽  
MI Ekatrina Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are infections caused by the growth of bacteria in the urinary tract. UTIs are caused by Escherichia Coli. Continous infection will reach the ureter and kidney which caudes infection in the kidney parenchyma. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge of Nursing Diplola level 1 students at STIKes Panti Rapih. Methods: This study was descriptive quantitative survey method. The sample was 65 female students, and using total sampling. Results: Study found that most of the students were aged 18 years old (73.88%). 58 respondents never participate in consultation about UTIs (89,23%) and 7 respondents (10,76%) had participate in education. 30 respondent (36,92%) with high knowledge, 30 (46,15%) morderate knowledge, and 11 (16,92%) low knowledge. Conclusion: Concluded that the level of knowledge nursing students diploma of STIKes Panti Rapih to prevent urinary tract infections less than half percent were morderate.     Keywords: Urinary Tract Infection, level of knowledge, students

scholarly journals Profiling urinary tract infections bacteria among elderly population in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
S. A. Saka ◽  
B. E. Okunuga
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Significant Bacteriuria ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Specimens

There have been conflicting reports about prevalence of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) causing bacteria in elderly in recent times. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and resistance pattern of UTIs causing bacteria in elderly Nigerian patients. A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out among elderly patients attending the general and medical outpatients’ clinics of Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria. Patients aged 60 years and above with at least two signs of UTIs were purposefully selected for the study. Clean catch mid-stream urine specimens from 100 eligible patients were examined for significant bacteriuria. Identification and antibiotics susceptibility patterns of the isolates were determined using standard techniques. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage. Association between variables was determined using Chi-squared test. P values<0.05 were considered significant. One hundred elderly outpatients were evaluated. Majority of the study participants were males (68, 68.0%) and (64, 64.0%) were married. More than half of the participants (59, 59.0%) had no significant bacteriuria. Among the participants with significant bacteriuria (41, 41.0%), males (29/41, 70.7%, p=0.001) were more than the females (12, 29.3%). Klebsiella pneumoniae (19/41, 46.3%) was the most isolated organism in the participants’ urine specimens, (35/41, 85.4%) of the isolates were resistant to nitrofurantoin. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most isolated UTIs-causing bacteria among the elderly evaluated. Physicians need to be aware of trends in profiles of UTIs-causing bacteria for effective diagnosis of the disease in elderly.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2017) 6(3), 15 - 22

Experience in using the RAPD-PCR technique for identifying E. coli strains in patients with urinary tract infections

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
K. Sursyakova ◽  
T. Safyanova ◽  
V. Prokopiev
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIS) in the Russian Federation are widespread and often occur in children, adults, most often affecting people in the most active period of their lives. The course of UTI is determined by a number of predisposing factors, such as age, sex, General condition of the patient, the presence of immunocompromising factors. Uncontrolled use of antibacterial therapy is often a predisposing factor in the chronization of the process in the upper urinary tract.To determine the identity of E. coli strains. In 2019, biological material was collected from 50 patients of «Altai regional hospital for war veterans» with urinary tract infections (chronic pyelonephritis and chronic cystitis) to assess bacteriuria. According to the results of bacteriological research, 23 strains of E. coli were isolated. After that, molecular genetic analysis was performed using the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA method of E. Coli strains obtained from patients with urinary tract infections, and their identity was evaluated. The results of this study showed that the method used is a reliable method of epidemiological mapping and determination of relationships between closely related varieties and strains of microorganisms isolated from various sources. Carrying out one bacteriological examination of urine in urinary tract infections is not enough, only high-tech techniques allow establishing the exact type of the causative agent of these infections and will allow selecting the correct appointment of antimicrobial drugs in patients with this group of infections.

scholarly journals Frequency and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of uropathogenic agents of urinary tract infections among asymptomatic diabetic patients in Okada community, southern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruqayyah B. Adegbite ◽  
Hammed O. Ojokuku ◽  
Kamoru A. Adedokun ◽  
Musiliu A. Oyenike ◽  
Ramat T. Kamorudeen
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
Tract Infections

Massive evidence showed that patients with diabetes have a high risk of urinary tract infections. We studied the frequency of potential urinary uropathogens among diabetic patients and identified their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. This was a prospective hospital-based study conducted at the Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital, Southern Nigeria, between January 2014 and May, 2014. We included 240 previously confirmed diabetic patients (women, n=70 and men, n=170) who were regularly followed up without prior treatment with any antimicrobial therapy and within the age range of 26-75 years. Patient personal history data and midstream urine samples were collected. Urine samples were processed in the laboratory following a Standard Laboratory Protocol. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp. and Candida spp. were isolated in this study. A significant bacteriuria count was estimated in 12.5% of the sampled population, while 17.1 and 10.6% were estimated in females and males, respectively. Similarly, candiduria was found in female, male and total sample in 12.9%, 2.9%, and 5.8%, in that order. According to antimicrobial sensitivity testing, the Gram-negative bacilli isolated were highly sensitive to nitrofurantoin followed by ofloxacin, gentamycin and least sensitive to cefuroxime. Estimation of potential uropathogens among asymptomatic diabetic populations may avert possible urinary tract infections and their possible complications ultimately and thus prevent possible advanced renal diseases.

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