scholarly journals The Association Between the Incidence of Acne Vulgaris and Lifestyle Factors Including Dietary Habits, Physical Activity, and Bathing Frequency

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arezoo Bajelan ◽  
Mehdi Ghaebi ◽  
Maryam Javadi ◽  
Ameneh Barikani ◽  
Akram Beheshti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial skin disease affecting many of the world’s population throughout their lives and can cause severe emotional distress and psychological disorders such as poor self-image, depression, and anxiety. Several underlying risk factors are known for acne development, and many, including inappropriate lifestyle, are yet to be studied. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to determine the role of lifestyle factors including dietary habits, physical activity, and bathing frequency in the incidence of acne vulgaris. Methods: The study population included 425 subjects, of whom 171 were acne patients (the case group), and 254 were non-acne patients (the control group). All participants filled out a questionnaire addressing their demographic information and some lifestyle habits. The data were analyzed by SPSS. Results: Fast food consumption was significantly higher in the case than in the control group (P = 0.008). Dairy intake and bathing frequency were significantly higher among non-acne patients than those with acne (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). Vegetable consumption, water intake, and the number of episodes and minutes of physical activity per week were not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.1, P = 0.4, P = 0.9, and P = 0.8, respectively). The mean weight of participants was significantly higher in the case than in the control group (P = 0.001). Conclusions: There was no significant difference in most of the studied factors between the two groups. Therefore, further studies are needed to assess the role of other underlying conditions such as genetic factors and hormonal changes in the development of acne vulgaris.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Nutrition of Patients with and without Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver in Tehran

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahshid Akbari ◽  
Sima Zohari-Anboohi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Introduction: A high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with obesity and lifestyle disorders. The present study was conducted to compare the nutritional pattern of patients with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease referred to the hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2017.Materials and Methods: The present case-control study was performed on a total of 300 outpatients and inpatients, aged 18–65 years. These patients were referred to the ultrasonography section of the hospitals, and those recruited in the study were selected by the convenience method of sampling. According to the results of ultrasonography, these subjects were divided into two groups: case (100 patients) and control (200 subjects for increasing the statistical power of study). The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 19), descriptive statistics, and the Mann–Whitney test. P<0.05 was considered significant.Results: A significant difference was detected between the mean consumption of unhealthy foods in the case group as compared to the control group (P=0.001), while those with fatty liver reported a low average intake of fruits and vegetables with a significant difference (P=0.001).Conclusion: The results showed that patients with fatty liver complied with poor dietary habits as compared to individuals without the disease. 

scholarly journals A Pedometer-based Intervention with Daily Walking Steps and its Relationship with Nutritional Status among Overweight/Obese University Students in Kuala Terengganu

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kok J.L ◽  
Asma’, A. ◽  
Khairil-Shazmin K ◽  
Hayati M.Y
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
University Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Baseline Activity ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of pedometer-based intervention and the relationship between daily walking steps and nutritional status among overweight/obese university students in Kuala Terengganu. Materials and methods: The study was an 8-week intervention study that included 23 overweight/obese university students. After 7 days of baseline activity, anthropometric data such as weight, height and waist circumference and a one-day dietary record were taken. The participants were divided into a control and case group. The control group (n=15) was instructed to continue with their normal activities and habits throughout the 8 weeks. The case group (n=8) was instructed to walk based on the targeted number of steps. Data such as body weight, waist circumference and a one-day dietary record were taken after the intervention. Results: Both case and control group show significant differences in body mass index (BMI) with p=0.017 and p=0.047 respectively. However, there is a large and significant difference between walking steps and BMI before and after intervention for the case group. There were no differences in any other study parameters during the 8-week study. Conclusion: In conclusion, short-term intervention with a pedometer increased physical activity and positively affected the BMI of overweight/obese participants. The use of a pedometer was efficient in measuring daily physical activity (r= 0.756, p< 0.05).

scholarly journals The Association Between Dietary Antioxidants, Superoxide Dismutase Activity, and Serum Levels of Inflammatory Factors in Children With ADHD

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Namjoo ◽  
◽  
Amirmansour Alavi Naeini ◽  
Mostafa Najafi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Aghaye Ghazvini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Activity Score ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Recent studies have identified ADHD as an inflammatory condition with immunological and oxidative responses. Therefore, it is necessary to examine these factors in the patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the dietary intakes of antioxidants, SOD activity and the serum levels of inflammatory factors in children with ADHD. Materials and methods: This study was a retrospective case-control study with 64 ADHD children aged 6 to 13 years. The demographic questionnaire, FFQ, and Baecke physical activity questionnaire were used. SOD activity and the serum level of inflammatory factors (homocysteine, IL-6, and CRP) were measured in all patients. Based on the values obtained from CRP, 32 patients were included in the case group (CRP≥1 mg/L) and 32 patients in the control group (0≤CRP<1 mg/L). Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups as regards age, sex, weight, height, body mass index (BMI). In the case group, the mean SOD activity score (P=0.034), the physical activity score (P=0.04) and the zinc intake (P=0.02) and homocysteine levels were higher than they were in the control group (P=0.001). Among the variables in the presence of each other, the best predictors were homocysteine (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.082-1.670, P=0.029) and physical activity (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.761-0.952, P=0.022) respectively, and in the presence of these two variables, other variables were not significant predictors. Conclusion: The present study showed that the level of inflammatory factors in the case group was significantly higher than the control group. Homocysteine and physical activity can predict the inflammatory status induced by CRP. Decreasing the antioxidant activity of SOD with increasing CRP levels, indicates oxidative stress associated with inflammation in these patients.

scholarly journals Role of serum phosphate level in cardiovascular events in non-CKD patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171
Author(s):  
Arvind Kumar ◽  
Prem Singh ◽  
Mohd. Imran Khan ◽  
Mehtab Alam
Keyword(s):  
Troponin I ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Serum Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Serum Phosphate Level ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Serum phosphate level correlate with atherosclerosis in both animal models and humans with advanced chronic kidney disease and coronary calcification is a known impact of higher serum phosphate, but whether this relationship exists among individuals with Non-CKD is unknown. we conducted this study to observe role of higher serum phosphate level in cardiovascular comorbidities like MI and CHF in Non-CKD patients.Methods: In this observational study, 300 patients were enrolled, half of the patients having Clinical features or positive biochemical markers (Troponin-I for MI and serum BNP for CHF) suggestive of myocardial infarction and heart failure were taken as case group and half of the subjects were taken as control group with similar baseline characteristics. All participants in this study were consenting and more than 18 years of age.Results: The mean value of serum phosphate level in case group was 4.41±1.40 while in control group was 3.19±1.07 showing statistically significant difference (p-value <0.001). In case group 65% patients were having MI with higher serum phosphate level (4.22±1.40).Conclusion: Higher serum phosphate level is related to increased cardiovascular morbidities even in non-CKD patients.

scholarly journals Clustering of risk factors in the smoking habits of schoolchildren in Sousse, Tunisia

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Nouira ◽  
Jihen Maatoug ◽  
Imed Harrabi ◽  
Sonia Hmad ◽  
Mmyléne Belkacem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Tobacco Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: In Tunisia, little is known about the association between tobacco use and other chronic disease risk factors. This is the case for both adults and children. It is important to know the characteristics of young smokers to facilitate the creation and implementation of future programs for tobacco prevention. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the association between tobacco use and other lifestyle factors among schoolchildren in Tunisia. Methods: We conducted a 2009/2010 cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 4003 randomly selected school children aged 13 years old (7th and 9th grades) to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes towards, and beliefs about the three risk factors for chronic disease (unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and tobacco use). Written informed consent was obtained from each child’s parents who allowed their child to participate. Results: The mean age of our sample was 13.36±1.28 years. The proportions of daily smokers were 2.2% and 0.1% among boys and girls, respectively. The proportions of irregular smokers were 9.1% and 1.5% among boys and girls, respectively. In our population, 19.1% (n=767) had ever experimented to smoke, with 29.8% among boys and 9% among girls (p<0.001). The proportions of schoolchildren who reported daily participation in physical activity were different between smokers and nonsmokers with 17.7% and 11.5%, respectively (p=0.03). Concerning eating habits, there was no significant difference in the consumption of fruits and vegetables; however, smokers frequently ate more high fat foods and in fast food restaurants. Similar results were found while comparing regular smoking children with those who experimented but who never became hooked on smoking. Conclusion: This study and previous research suggest the importance of early intervention in adolescents on smoking and combing these efforts with interventions focusing on physical activity and dietary habits.

scholarly journals Evaluation of JAK2 (V617F) Mutation in Iranian Veterans with Delayed Complications of Sulphur Mustard Poisoning

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Keramati ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Hadi Sadeghian ◽  
Hossein Ayatollahi ◽  
Mohammad Hosein Basharati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Jak2 V617f ◽  
Jak2 V617f Mutation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Jak2 Mutation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
V617f Mutation

Background: Sulfur mustard was the most widely applied chemical warfare agent by the Iraqi army in Iran–Iraq war (1983-1988). Considering the role of sulfur mustard toxicity in hematopoietic neoplasms and also new role of JAK2 mutation in these neoplasms, we assessed this mutation and delayed hematologic complications in veterans exposed to sulfur mustard. Methods: This case control study was performed in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran in collaboration with Janbasan Foundation of Khorasan Razavi, Iran in 2012. The case group consists of 42 patients who exposed to sulfur mustard about 30 yr ago and the control group includes 30 healthy persons. For all subjects complete blood counts and ARMSpolymerase chain reaction for JAK2 (V617F) mutation was carried out. Data were analyzed by statistical software using independent sample t-testand Mann- Whitney U test. Results: JAK2 (V617F) mutation was detected, neither in the sulfur mustardveterans nor in the control group. Moreover no significant difference was detected in hematologic parameters between the two groups. Conclusion: Despite sulfur mustard can increase risk of tumor genesis especially hematologic neoplasms but this is probablyas result of other genetic mechanism apart from JAK2 mutation. Considering the health and importance of preventive measure for the sulfur mustard victims, we suggest other genetic aspects of tumor genesis to be assessed in these patients.

scholarly journals Vitamin D3 levels in allergic rhinitis: a case control study from South Karnataka

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1295
Author(s):  
Vinay S. Bhat ◽  
Anupama A.
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
And Control

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disorder seen in routine otolaryngology practice. There has been an increased interest in researchers worldwide regarding role of vitamin D3 in pathogenesis of allergy. This study intends to compare levels of vitamin D3 in patients with clinically diagnosed allergic rhinitis and subjects without allergic rhinitis. This study was conducted in rural South Karnataka where incidence of allergic rhinitis is on the rise. Main objective of this study was to assess vitamin D3 levels in patients with clinically diagnosed AR and compare it with vitamin D3 levels in control group where normal subjects were included.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Total of 100 patients were included in this study. Case group comprised of 50 patients clinically diagnosed as AR and control group comprised 50 subjects without any symptoms of AR. All the patients underwent serum vitamin D3 estimation. Other parameters such as age, gender, occupation (outdoor vs indoor) and region of residence (urban vs rural) were also compared between the groups.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> This study did not find significant difference between two groups when all the parameters compared. Significant number of study subjects both in case and control group were found to be either deficient or inadequate in vitamin D3 levels.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> we did not find significant difference in vitamin D3 levels between cases and controls. Further studies with bigger sample size and robust study design may throw more light on association of vitamin D3 with AR.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bowel Habits in Patients with Acne Vulgaris

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munise Daye ◽  
Fatma Cihan ◽  
Begüm Işık ◽  
Berna Hafızoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Patient Group ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Severe Acne ◽  
Bowel Habits ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Purpose: To evaluate the bowel habits of patients with acne vulgaris Method: In this case control study, socio-demographic characteristics of the participants (age, gender, marital status, educational status, profession, economic status, smoking-alcohol habits, chronic diseases, previous operations, people they live with, diet) were questioned and the global acne grading scores of the patients were calculated. Bristol Stool Scale, Rome III Criteria for IBS, International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, Hospital Anxiety Depression and KADF (dietary fiber information) scales fulfilled. Results: The patient group consisted 102 and the control group consisted 104 participants. The mean age was 20.9 ± 3.9 years old in the case group and 21.8 ± 5.0 years old in the control group. Patient and control groups were similar in terms of age and gender. Smoking rates were significantly higher in the patient group (p=0,035). The amount of coffee consumed per day were significantly higher in the patient group (p=0,040). According to the global acne grading scores, 55.9% (n = 57) had medium, 39.2% (n = 40) had mild, 3.9% (n = 4) had severe and 1% (n=1) had very severe acne. Anxiety scores were found to be significantly higher in the patient group (p = 0.005). When the case and control groups were compared for IBS presence, no significant difference was found (p = 0.317). Also, IBS was not related with acne severity (p = 0.162). Conclusion: Further large sample sized studies are needed on this subject, as there is strong evidence about brain–gut–skin axis existence.

scholarly journals Correlation between nosocomial pneumonia and ventilated patients in pediatric intensive care unit

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Cahya Dewi ◽  
Purnomo Suryantoro ◽  
Roni Naning
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Mechanical Ventilator ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Matched Case

Background NP (NP) especially YAP (ventilator-associated pneu-monia) is the most common infection in intensive care unit, whichcorrelates with the increasing of morbidity and mortality. Thereare some risk factors for development ofNP, the most importantone is duration of mechanical ventilator and reintubation.Objective To determine the correlation between NP and use ofmechanical ventilator in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).Methods A matched case control study was conducted at Dr.Sardjito Hospital on all patients admitted to the PICU from2004 until 2006. Case group was defined as all patients who hadNP; age and sex matched control group included all patients notdiagnosed as NP. Statistical analysis was done by using chi-squareand t-tests as appropriate. Logistic regression analysis was doneto determine the role of risk factors.Results One-hundred and forty-one patients were included inthis study. The incidence of NP was 25. 7%. There was associa-tion between using mechanical ventilator (OR 1.08; 95%CI 1.07;8.20, P=0.036) and duration of using mechanical ventilator morethan four days (OR 1.75, 95%CI 1.87;18.02) with developmentof NP. There was a significant difference in event free survival ofNP between those using mechanical ventilator group and thosenot using mechanical ventilator group (P<O.OOl).Conclusion There is an association between the use of mechani-cal ventilator and duration of use of mechanical ventilator morethan four days with the development of NP

scholarly journals Determination of the role of polymorphic variants of the interferon-gamma gene (IFNG) in the development of tuberculosis in the Yakut population

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
L. I. Mordovskaya ◽  
M. V. Egorova ◽  
T. M. Klimova ◽  
S. D. Аlekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
And Control

The objective of the study: to determine the role of polymorphic variants T6000A (rs2430561), T8360C (rs2069718) of the IFNG gene in the development of tuberculosis in the population of Yakut nationality.Subjects and methods. The case-control study was conducted. The subject for the study was DNA samples from 172 tuberculosis patients (the case group) and 367 people with an excluded diagnosis of tuberculosis (the control group). All participants of the study belonged to Yakut nationality. For genotyping, DNA was isolated from venous blood. The genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. For statistical processing, Pearson's χ2 test and odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals were used.The results of the study showed that the distribution of genotypes of polymorphisms T6000A (rs2430561), T8360C (rs2069718) of the IFNG gene in the case and control groups corresponded to the Hardy – Weinberg equilibrium. There was no statistically significant difference in frequencies of alleles and genotypes of polymorphisms T6000A (rs2430561), T8360C (rs2069718) of the IFNG gene in the patients from the case and control groups.Conclusions. The results of the study did not reveal the association of alleles and genotypes of the rs2430561 and rs2069718 polymorphic variants of the IFNG gene with the risk of developing tuberculosis for people of Yakut nationality.

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