International trade legal issues induced by biotechnology and the countermeasures

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiying Zheng ◽  
Yong Ma
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Related System ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Countermeasures And Suggestions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
International Trade Laws

Genetically modified products have gradually entered people’s life because of the rapid development of biotechnology. With the perfection and progress of relevant technologies, genetically modified products are successfully commercialized and flourish in the international market for its special advantages. But the safety of genetically modified products has not been confirmed; hence disputes of international trade emerge. To ensure the health development of international trade of genetically modified products, different countries and regions set up different degrees of legislative limitation. Through discussing the legal system of international trade of genetically modified products, this study introduced the status and characteristics of international trade of genetically modified products, analyzed the legal causes for trade disputes, and proposed corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for perfecting system. Developing countries should positively coordinate to perfect transgenosis related system, participate in the formulation of new trade rules, promote the construction of international trade laws to seek welfare, and drive the orderly development of genetically modified products.

Analysis of Genetically Modified Food Induced International Trade Law Issues

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiansheng Zhang ◽  
Yanan Chen ◽  
Yu Li
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
Transgenic Technology ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
International Trade Law ◽  
Import And Export

The advantages of genetically modified food are gradually highlighted because of the rapid development of modern transgenic technology. The trade proportion of genetically modified food in international trade products is increasing. Till now, legal regulations concerning the international trade of genetically modified food are still contradictory and conflicting, and a series of initiated legal issues about the international trade of genetically modified food becomes more acute. As a great power of transgenic crops planting, China should fully learn from the trade disputes of genetically modified food, perfect laws such as the safety management, approval and identification of import and export, accelerate the development of transgenic technology, and strengthen the mutual benefit and collaboration of the developing countries, thus to gain a strong competitive position in international trade and maintain the fundamental interests of China better.

scholarly journals Research on Current Situation and Countermeasures of Multimodal Transport in Shandong Province

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Xu ◽  
Xiuling Chen ◽  
Xinjian Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Multimodal Transport ◽  
The Status ◽  
Green Transportation ◽  
Countermeasures And Suggestions

The development of multimodal transport has become an important gripper to promote logistics cost reduction and efficiency enhancement, improve the quality of modern comprehensive transportation services, and build a green transportation system, which is of great significance for building powerful transportation in Shandong Province. In recent years, the transportation industry in Shandong Province has developed rapidly, but there are still certain shortcomings in the development of multimodal transportation. This article is based on the status of the development of multimodal transport in Shandong Province, conducted an in-depth analysis and research on the issues restricting the rapid development of multimodal transport in Shandong Province, and in-depth analysis of the new situation and new challenges faced by the development of multimodal transport in Shandong Province. Thus, countermeasures and suggestions are put forward for infrastructure construction, innovative service models, improving the level of informatization, and cultivating market systems.

scholarly journals The Many Dimensions of Softwood Lumber

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L. Dunoff
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
International Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
Public International Law ◽  
Softwood Lumber ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
International Trade Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Many

The Softwood Lumber dispute between Canada and the United States is one of the longest and most expensive trade disputes in history. However, the Softwood Lumber dispute has been, if not misunderstood, at least underappreciated. To date, the dispute has attracted attention because of the substantial economic interests involved, the complexity and length of the litigation, and the doctrinal implications of the various decisions rendered in domestic and international proceedings. This paper seeks to demonstrate that Softwood Lumber's central importance lies elsewhere; for trade scholars, Softwood Lumber is of interest because it exposes three of the central challenges facing the international trade regime: the potential displacement of an international regime by a spaghetti bowl of regional and bilateral treaties; the status of international trade norms in domestic courts; and the problem of selective and halting compliance by powerful states. But these challenges are, in turn, instantiations of three central challenges facing the field of public international law, namely the fragmentation of international law; the relationships among proliferating transnational courts; and the limits of (international) legalization. Thus, the systemic issues raised by Softwood Lumberprovide a tour d’horizon of debates central to contemporary international trade law and public international law.

The Validity of Rector�s Circular Letter on the Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fradhana Putra Disantara
Keyword(s):  
Legal Theory ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Circular Letter ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

This study aims to analyze the relevance of the �health emergency� status to the existing legal theory and condition as well as to identify the validity of the Circular Letter of the Rector of State Universities. To this end, this study applied the statute and conceptual approach. The study was conducted by inventorying primary and secondary legal materials to obtain a proper and critical review of the legal issues under study. The results showed that the determination of the �health emergency� status by the government was inappropriate due to the uncertainty of the regulations issued by the government to determine the current condition. Thus, the status of the COVID-19 pandemic is a �legal emergency� status. Further, the Rector�s policy through the Circular Letter is valid judicially, sociologically, and philosophically. The determination of the �legal emergency� status can be done by issuing a Perppu without a �state of emergency� from the President. Finally, it is suggested to firstly get an approval from the Ministry of Education and Culture regarding the issuance of the Rector�s Circular Letter. Besides, further study is needed as this study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic.�Keabsahan Surat Edaran Rektor Perguruan Tinggi dalam Pandemi Covid-19Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa relevansi status �darurat kesehatan� dengan teori hukum dan kondisi yang ada dan keabsahan atas Surat Edaran Rektor Perguruan Tinggi Negeri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah statute approach dan conseptual approach. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menginventarisasi bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, guna mendapatkan kajian yang seyogianya dan telaah kritis terkait isu hukum. Hasil penelitian menyatakan penetapan status darurat kesehatan oleh pemerintah kurang tepat, dikarenakan tidak menentu-nya peraturan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah untuk menetapkan kondisi saat ini. Sehingga, status pandemi COVID-19 merupakan status darurat hukum. Kebijakan rektor melalui Surat Edaran adalah absah secara aspek yuridis, sosiologis, dan filosofis. Penetapan darurat hukum cukup dilakukan dengan menerbitkan Perppu tanpa pernyataan darurat dari Presiden. Saran peneliti adalah di perlukan persetujuan pada Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan terkait terbitnya Surat Edaran Rektor, dan dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut dikarenakan penelitian ini dilakukan pada masa COVID-19 yang bersifat temporal.�

PECULIARITIES AND CONDITIONS OF ACTIVITY OF BOOK PUBLISHING HOUSES OF UKRAINE IN THE MODERN MEDIA SPACE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana Jezhyzhanska
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Media Space ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Book Publishers

In the information society the status of information is changing: this main value of global civilization becomes an important resource of socio- economic, technological and cultural development. The rapid development of virtual technologies and the growing number of Internet users in Ukraine and in the world causes the new challenges to communication of each organization. The book publishers are also obliged to respond to these processes. However, the works devoted directly to publishers’ communication in the modern media space are still lacking in Ukraine. The objective of the article is to clarify peculiarities and conditions of the activities of Ukrainian book publishers in today’s media space which is an important issue today. It is analyzed the literature and sources on this issue and it is ascertained the theoretical and practical possibilities to take into account the trends in the world of modern media in the PR-activity of book publishers. Also the prospects for further scientific study and practical use of PR-communications in the activity of publishers are determined. The analysis of current changes in the modern information space allows us to trace the general tendencies: the new subject and object areas are formed; the number of subjects is expanded; the new formats of interaction within the system of communications of the organization and in society as a whole are created. That means that publishing house’s PR-communications are complicated by the emergence of new elements, such as active audience, social networks as communication channels, promotions on the Internet and others. PR communication in the Internet space is the most effective and inexpensive tool for interaction of publishers with active audiences. Thus, the activation of PR communication in the modern media space is associated with the emergence of the latest information technologies, online media as well as development of Internet. The use of online channels of Internet for communication with the target audience of publishing organizations has certain advantages over traditional media. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the information saturation of media space, which complicates the way of PR-messages of book publishers to the reader.

The impact of exchange rate on price and export of agricultural production

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Rasulov Tulkin Sattarovich ◽  
Khushvaktov Kuvonchbek Ravshanovich
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Agricultural Economics ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Price Formation ◽  
International Trade Laws ◽  
The Impact

In today’s world of swiftly increasing global economy and continuously changing international trade laws and technology exchange rate plays a pivotal role in the production, price formation, export and import of agricultural products. For many years exchange rate as an integral part of agricultural economics has been ignored. The present study was intended to investigate exchange rate as an impacting factor on the agricultural production. It also considers the researches that have been carried about the impact of the exchange rate on prices and export of agricultural products, theirs analyses and how much impact it has in the situation of Uzbekistan.

Did Wittgenstein Speak with the Vulgar or Think with the Learned? Or Did He do Both?

Philosophy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-233
Author(s):  
John W. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Language ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
The Status ◽  
Set Up

Wittgenstein has often been criticized, and even dismissed, for being a patron of ordinary language, a champion of the vernacular, a defender of the status quo. One critic has written: ‘When Wittgenstein set up the actual use of language as a standard, that was equivalent to accepting a certain set up of culture and belief as a standard … It is lucky no such philosophy was thought of until recently or we should still be under the sway of witch doctors …’ In what follows I want to show just how wide of the mark criticisms of this sort are.

scholarly journals A Hybrid Temporal-Spatio Forecasting Approach for Passenger Flow Status in Chinese High-Speed Railway Transport Hub

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyu Xie ◽  
Limin Jia ◽  
Yong Qin ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Distribution Center ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Safety Hazard ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Potential Safety ◽  
Correlation Degree ◽  
The Status

With the rapid development of high-speed railway in China, high-speed railway transport hub (HRTH) has become the high-density distribution center of passenger flow. In order to accurately detect potential safety hazard hidden in passenger flow, it is necessary to forecast the status of passenger flow. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid temporal-spatio forecasting approach to obtain the passenger flow status in HRTH. The approach combined temporal forecasting based on radial basis function neural network (RBF NN) and spatio forecasting based on spatial correlation degree. Computational experiments on actual passenger flow status from a specific bottleneck position and its correlation points in HRTH showed that the proposed approach is effective to forecast the passenger flow status with high precision.

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