scholarly journals Frequency of different indications for endodontic treatment among patients from Pancevo, Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Marija Tomić ◽  
Veljko Kolak
Keyword(s):  
Dental Health ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Common Indication ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Irreversible Pulpitis

Introduction: Different types of irreversible pulp diseases are the most commonly stated reasons for conducting root canal treatment. Data obtained from epidemiological studies are of great importance for a better understanding of endodontic pathology and for evaluating the need for this kind of treatment. Aim: The aim of this epidemiological study was to evaluate the structure of endodontic pathology among selected adult population of municipality of Pancevo, Serbia, indicated for endodontic treatment. Material and methods: Investigations were conducted on a sample of patients who referred for dental examination and treatment, at the Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry in Pancevo, during 2018. The study included 229 male and female subjects, aged over 18, who had at least one tooth indicated for endodontic treatment. Subjects were clinically examined by a standardized procedure, using visual and tactile inspection, percussion and palpation tests, periodontal evaluation and pulp vitality tests. Panoramic and retroalveolar radiographs were also analyzed. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-Square test. Results: Endodontic treatment was indicated on 322 teeth from total number of 4911 (6.6%). Largest frequency of teeth indicated for treatment was recorded among subjects aged over 60 years (7.5%) and on frontal teeth (36.6%). The most commonly registered indications were asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis (32.3%) and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (19.9%). Irreversible pulpitis was the most common indication for endodontic treatment between all age groups of subjects, between both genders and between all three teeth functional groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Percentage of teeth indicated for endodontic treatment was higher than presented in other studies. Irreversible pulpitis was the most common indication for endodontic treatment. After conducting the study, it is clear that dental care and caries preventive programs should be strengthened and expanded, especially among people with less education and awareness regarding dental health.

scholarly journals Self-reported hearing impairment among rural adult population of coastal Tamil Nadu

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chand Chauhan ◽  
Amit Kumar Mishra ◽  
Mani Kandan ◽  
Zile Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>Hearing impairment is the most frequent sensory deficit in human population and irrespective of the age of development, has devastating consequences. This study was done to assess the burden of hearing impairment among the rural adult population of a coastal area in Tamil Nadu.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods: </span></strong>This community-based descriptive study was conducted in a rural area of Tamil Nadu state in India. The study protocol was approved by the institute ethics committee of PIMS. Eligible participants from all the household in the study area were selected. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the information and hearing impairment was assessed by self-reporting by the participants. Proportions for categorical variables were calculated and Chi-square test was applied to find the associations.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>Among a total of 5621 participants interviewed and examined, 232 (4.1%) participants reported to have hearing impairment. Among them, majority reported that they have hearing impairment due to advanced age or non-specific causes resulted in hard to hearing (77.6%) and 12.5% reported to have deafness. Ear discharge (4.3%), wax (3.0%) were other commonly reported cause of hearing impairment. The hearing impairment increased with age and was common among elderly. The reported hearing impairment ranges from 1.5% to 11.3% in different age groups. Age, sex, education and occupation were significantly associated with hearing impairment (p value &lt;0.05).</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>A large number of people in rural communities were having hearing impairment. Improving access to health education and raising awareness about prevention and the needs of people with hearing loss in community is required.</p>

scholarly journals Demographic profile of patients and clinical characteristics of dental emergencies at the outpatient clinic of a Brazilian Dental School

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-351
Author(s):  
Andrea Cardoso PEREIRA ◽  
Ana Carolina Correia Laurindo de CERQUEIRA NETO ◽  
Alexandre Augusto ZAIA ◽  
Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida GOMES ◽  
José Flávio Affonso de ALMEIDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Pulp ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Irreversible Pulpitis

ABSTRACT Objective: This retrospective study evaluated the demographic profile of patients and the clinical characteristics of dental emergencies in a brazilian university outpatient clinic. Methods: During the period from June 2013 to May 2014, data were collected from 1.345 clinical records. Chief complaint, gender, age, systemic alteration, clinical inspection of the affected tooth, pulp and periapical diagnosis, the type of procedure performed and whether there was the need for post-operative systemic medication. Data were analyzed using the SAS software and chi-square test was used to verify the presence or absence of statistical significance at a level of 5%. Results: Dental pain (53.3%) was the main reason why people attended the emergency service, that is, female patients (63.1%), aged 29-48 years old (42%), patients without systemic conditions (75%), and patients with decayed teeth (25%). In addition, involvement of lower molars (29.81%) and diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis (30.42%) were the most frequent findings. Emergency endodontic treatment (45.8%) was the most performed procedure. Irreversible pulpitis (30.4%) and pulp necrosis associated with acute apical periodontitis (21.9%) were the most frequent conditions requiring emergency endodontic treatment, and in most cases, there was no need for post-operative systemic medications (95.7%). Conclusion: The prevalence of endodontic emergencies during the period of one year emphasizes the need for more accurate diagnosis and the importance of providing this service to the population.

scholarly journals A Ten-Year Trend of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: 2009-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke ◽  
Adane Derso ◽  
Arega Yeshanew ◽  
Rezika Mohammed ◽  
Helina Fikre
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The University

Background. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), which is one form of leishmaniasis, may show variations over years across regions, and epidemiological studies are crucial to estimate the cases of the disease status over a long time. This study is aimed at determining the trend of CL among patients at the University of Gondar Leishmaniasis Research and Treatment Center, northwest Ethiopia between 2009 and 2018 years. Methods. A ten-year data were extracted retrospectively. We included all patients who were visiting the center for CL diagnosis during the last ten years. Giemsa-stained skin slit microscopy was used to diagnose the disease. A chi-square test was used to compare the proportions of patients infected across years, seasons, months, sex, and age groups. Result. During the 10 years, a total of 1079 samples were requested for the diagnosis of CL. The cumulative average annual prevalence was found to be 55.4% (598/1079). The highest and lowest proportions of CL cases were recorded in 2014 (69.5%) and 2018 (35.4%), respectively. However, the percentage of CL cases did not show any significant differences over the study period. The number of suspected patients was significantly increased over the years (being lowest in 2009 and highest in 2017). The proportion of CL cases showed a remarkable difference across months but not seasons. CL was the highest within 15-49 years of age and males. Conclusion. The prevalence of CL did not show any significant differences over the last ten years. However, a remarkable increase of CL suspected cases was observed across the years. The disease showed significant association with age, sex, and months, but not seasons.

scholarly journals Prevalence of endodontically treated teeth in a Brazilian adult population

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto César Braz Hollanda ◽  
Ana Helena Gonçalves de Alencar ◽  
Cyntia Rodrigues de Araújo Estrela ◽  
Mike Reis Bueno ◽  
Carlos Estrela
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Interpretation Criteria ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Age Range

This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of endodontically treated teeth in 1,401 Brazilian adults. Panoramic radiographs were selected at the Radiological Center of Orofacial Images (CRIOF, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil) between August 2002 and September 2007. Three independent endodontists discussed interpretation criteria and classified specimens according to the following data: presence of root canal treatment, which was defined as partially or completely filled canal space, regardless of whether filling ended at the radiographic apex or not; presence of intracanal post; and associated apical periodontitis. Odds ratio, logistic regression and a chi-square test were used for statistical analyses. Significance level was set at p<0.05. Of 29,467 teeth evaluated, 6,313 (21.4%) were treated endodontically. Endodontic treatment was most frequent in maxillary premolars and molars, whereas mandibular incisors showed the lowest prevalence. Most endodontically treated teeth were found in people aged 46 to 60 years (47.6%, p<0.001) and the prevalence increased with age in this age range. Females (61.9%, p<0.001) showed a higher prevalence of teeth with root fillings than males. The present study found a higher prevalence of endodontically treated teeth in a Brazilian adult population compared to the prevalence reported in epidemiological studies conducted in other countries.

The Influence of Age and Gender on Mandibular Indices among the Libyan Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Libyan Population

Radiographic Mandibular Indices serve as easy and relatively cheap tools for evaluating bone mineralization. Objectives: To examine the effect of age and gender on three mandibular indices: the panoramic mandibular index (PMI), the mandibular ratio (MR) and the mandibular cortical index (MCI), among Libyan population. Methods: The three indices were measured on 317 digital (OPGs) of adult humans (155 males, 162 females). The sample was divided into six age groups (from 18-25 years through 56-65 years). The measurements were analyzed for interactions with age and sex, using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies) software version no. 22. The tests employed were two way ANOVA, the unpaired T-test and chi-square test. Results: The mean PMI fluctuated between 0.37 s.d. 0.012 and 0.38 s.d. 0.012. among the sixth age groups. One-way ANOVA statistical test revealed no significant of age on PMI. On the other hand gender variation has effect on PMI, since independent sample t-test disclosed that the difference between the male and female PMI means statistically significant. ANOVA test showed that the means of MR among age groups showed a negative correlation i.e. MR mean declined from 3.01 in 18-25 age groups to 2.7 in 55-65 age groups. In contrary, the gender showed no effect on MR according two sample t-test at p> 0.05. In regards with MCI, statistical analysis showed that it affected by age that is C1 was decreasing by age while C2 and C3 were increased by age. Using chi square test the result indicated that there is a significant difference among the different age group and the two genders in MCI readings. Conclusion: PMI was influenced significantly by age but minimally by the gender. MR is not affected by gender but has a negative correlation with age. MCI is affected by both age and gender

scholarly journals Changes in Six-Month Prevalence of Circulatory System Diseases among People Aged 20 Years and Older between 2013 and 2018 in Hunan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2599
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Rao ◽  
Junjie Hua ◽  
Ruotong Li ◽  
Yanhong Fu ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Recent changes in population-based prevalence for circulatory system diseases (CSDs) remain unreported either nationally or locally for China. Data were from the two-round health service household interview survey of Hunan Province, China, in 2013 and 2018. A Rao–Scott chi-square test was performed to examine prevalence differences across socio-demographic variables. The overall age-standardized prevalence of CSDs increased substantially between 2013 and 2018 for inhabitants aged 20 years and older (14.25% vs. 21.25%; adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.24–2.04). Hypertensive disease was the most prevalent type of CSD, accounting for 87.24% and 83.83% of all CSDs in 2013 and in 2018, respectively. After controlling for other socio-demographic factors, the prevalence of CSDs was significantly higher in 2018 (adjusted OR = 1.40), urban residents (adjusted OR = 1.43), females (adjusted OR = 1.12) and older age groups (adjusted OR = 5.36 for 50–59 years, 9.51 for 60–69 years, 15.19 for 70–79 years, and 12.90 for 80 years and older) than in 2013, rural residents, males and the youngest age group (20–49 years). The recent increase in the overall age-standardized CSD prevalence and the large prevalence disparities across urban/rural residents, sex and age groups merit the attention of policymakers and researchers. Further prevention efforts are needed to curb the increasing tendency and to reduce the prevalence of disparities across socio-demographic groups.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Estrela ◽  
Cláudio Rodrigues Leles ◽  
Augusto César Braz Hollanda ◽  
Marcelo Sampaio Moura ◽  
Jesus Djalma Pécora
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Technical Quality ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults. A total of 1,372 periapical radiographs of endodontically treated teeth were analyzed based on the quality of root filling, status of coronal restoration and presence of posts associated with apical periodontitis (AP). Data were analyzed statistically using odds ratio, confidence intervals and chi-square test. The prevalence of AP with adequate endodontic treatment was low (16.5%). This percentage dropped to 12.1% in cases with adequate root filling and adequate coronal restoration. Teeth with adequate endodontic treatment and poor coronal restoration had an AP prevalence of 27.9%. AP increased to 71.7% in teeth with poor endodontic treatment associated with poor coronal restoration. When poor endodontic treatment was combined with adequate coronal restoration, AP prevalence was 61.8%. The prevalence of AP was low when associated with high technical quality of root canal treatment. Poor coronal restoration increased the risk of AP even when endodontic treatment was adequate (OR=2.80; 95%CI=1.87-4.22). The presence of intracanal posts had no influence on AP prevalence.

Social assessment of children dental health and its determining factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
T. G. Svetlichnaya ◽  
A. S. Mityagina ◽  
T. M. Burkova ◽  
N. M. Ogorelkova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Pediatric Dentist ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Decay Risk

Relevance. The high prevalence of tooth decay requires investigation of its risk factors. The aim was to study tooth decay risk factors among six-year-old children according to the level of dental health (based on parents’ assessment).Materials and methods. The research evaluated the dental health of six-year-olds and factors defining their oral health; The study surveyed 515 parents of six-year-old children from 7 kindergartens in Arkhangelsk. Pearson chi-square test assessed the differences in the frequency of tooth decay factors among six-year-old children according to the level of dental health. The accepted significance level was 0.05.Results. The Arkhangelsk parents evaluated the dental health of their six-year-olds as relatively favourable: good (41.2%) and satisfactory (46.6%). Only 9.5% of children had poor health. Children generally had good oral hygiene skills: 86.8% liked brushing their teeth; 60.2% squeezed the optimal amount of toothpaste on the toothbrush; 56.7% brushed their teeth twice a day. The dental literacy of parents was satisfactory: 67.0% purchased toothpaste for children; 90.8% considered necessary to treat primary teeth; 69.2% replaced toothbrush every three months; 59.7% visited a pediatric dentist twice a year. The children with poor dental health had insufficient oral hygiene skills: 46.9% did not like teeth cleaning; 51.1% brushed their teeth once a day. Their diet was not healthy: 100.0% did not eat hard food; 65.3% frequently consumed sweets. The parents  of children with poor dental health had low medical literacy and poor oral hygiene: 46.9% did not know that treatment of primary teeth was necessary; 42.9% considered the treatment of primary teeth as unnecessary; 32.6% purchased whatever toothpaste. The general negative trend is to use toothpaste without fluoride (68.1%).Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrated a significantly higher frequency of cariogenic factors in children with poor dental health.

The influence of varying maxillary central incisor vertical dimension on perceived smile aesthetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Elis Janaina Lira dos Santos ◽  
Alana Moura Xavier Dantas ◽  
Raíssa Marçal Vilela ◽  
Karina Jerônimo Rodrigues Santiago de Lima ◽  
Rejane Targino Soares Beltrão
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: To evaluate patient perception of the smile focused on analysis of the upper incisors. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry at Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil. Participants: The sample consisted of 135 individuals (73 women and 62 men). Methods: Images with different characteristics associated with the incisal edges were shown at random and analysed using a Likert scale. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test with a statistically significant difference ( P < 0.05). Results: Smile I (difference of 1.5 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) was considered the most aesthetic, while Smile III (no difference in height between the central and lateral incisors) was the least aesthetic. A significant difference was found between perception of smile II (difference of 1 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) and age groups ( P < 0.005), with 31% (n = 13) of individuals aged 45–64 years considering smile II as not pleasant, 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years and 8.3% (n=4) aged 25–44 years and 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years considering the same. A significant difference was also found in relation to educational background of the assessor and smile perception, with smile III ( P = 0.0441) and smile IV ( P = 0.0053) considered the most aesthetic ( P = 0.0116). Conclusion: The smile considered most attractive among the sample was that with 1.5 mm steepness between the central and lateral incisors, while a flat smile arc was considered least attractive.

scholarly journals Prevalence evaluation of apical periodontitis and its relationship with endodontic and restorative treatment in a community in Southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Machado Saporiti ◽  
Andressa Gomes ◽  
Melissa Feres Damian ◽  
Nadia De Souza Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: The aim of this study was evaluate radiographically prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) in endodontically treated teeth (ETT) and relate with demographic factors, quality of endodontic treatment and coronal restoration. Material and methods: Data were collected from dental records wich contained full-mouth radiographic series. In ETT, arch, dental group and presence of AP were evaluated. Quality of root canal filling, presence and quality of coronal restoration and type of restorative material were also collected. Data were evaluated using descriptive statistics and Chi-square Test. Results: Of 70 patients included in the final sample, the majority were female (54.3%) and age ranged from 13 to 77 years (47.14 ± 13.18). Of 1,333 teeth evaluated, 73 (5.4%) had endodontic treatment, being the majority maxillary (74%) and anterior teeth (52.1%). Of teeth without endodontic treatment, 320 (25.4%) had AP. Failure rate was high (52.8%) and quality of root canal filling and coronal restoration were considered inadequate in majority cases (58.3% and 47.7%, respectively). Dental group had a statistically significant relationship with presence of AP in ETT, being more frequent in anterior teeth (p = 0.019). Conclusion: It was concluded that prevalence of AP in ETT was high and dental group was the factor that most influenced prevalence of AP in ETT.KeywordsApical periodontitis; Radiography; Root canal filling.

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